Foreign relations of Kosovo

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Template:Short description Template:Politics of Kosovo Foreign relations of Kosovo are accomplished by efforts of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. Kosovo operates 33 embassies abroad and is host to 22 embassies in Pristina. Kosovo has membership in several international organisations.

On 17 February 2008, members of the Assembly of Kosovo declared independence from Serbia. This move was controversial among the international community. International supervision over the direction of the assembly ended in September 2012,[1] and Kosovo became responsible for its own governance.[2] The Republic of Kosovo has been recognised by 108 UN member states, the Republic of China (Taiwan), the Cook Islands, and Niue.

The current Foreign Minister of Kosovo is Donika Gërvalla-Schwarz.

Status of diplomatic relations

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo has initiated the process of establishing diplomatic relations with all states that have recognised Republic of Kosovo, either by opening new missions or through accreditation of non-resident ambassadors to these countries.[3]

Diplomatic relations

File:Diplomatic relations of Kosovo.svg
# Country[4] Date
1 File:Flag of the United States.svg United States Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
2 File:Flag of France.svg France Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
3 File:Flag of Albania.svg Albania Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
4 File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
5 File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
6 File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[5]
7 File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
8 File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
9 File:Flag of Monaco.svg Monaco Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
10 File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
11 File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
12 File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
— File:Flag of Nauru.svg Nauru (suspended) Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
13 File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
14 File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
15 File:Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
16 File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
17 File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
18 File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
19 File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
20 File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
21 File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
22 File:Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
23 File:Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
24 File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
25 File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
26 File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
27 File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
28 File:Flag of Palau.svg Palau Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
29 File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
30 File:Flag of Maldives.svg Maldives Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
31 File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
32 Template:Country data North Macedonia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
33 File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
34 File:Flag of Montenegro.svg Montenegro Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
35 File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
36 File:Flag of Mauritania.svg Mauritania Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
37 File:Flag of Honduras (2022-).svg Honduras Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
38 File:Flag of Qatar.svg Qatar Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
39 File:Flag of Oman.svg Oman Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[6]
40 File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
41 File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
42 File:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg Saint Lucia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
43 File:Flag of Andorra.svg Andorra Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
44 File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
45 File:Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
46 File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
47 File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
48 File:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg Liechtenstein Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
49 File:Flag of Ghana.svg Ghana Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
50 File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg Burkina Faso Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
51 File:Flag of Dominica.svg Dominica Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
52 File:Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
53 File:Flag of Niger.svg Niger Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
54 File:Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
55 File:Flag of Fiji.svg Fiji Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
56 File:Flag of Djibouti.svg Djibouti Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
57 File:Flag of Jordan.svg Jordan Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
58 File:Flag of Guyana.svg Guyana Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
59 File:Flag of Afghanistan (2013–2021).svg Afghanistan Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
60 File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
61 File:Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg Federated States of Micronesia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
62 File:Flag of Costa Rica.svg Costa Rica Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
63 File:Flag of Grenada.svg Grenada Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
64 File:Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg Marshall Islands Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
65 File:Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
66 File:Flag of Senegal.svg Senegal Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
67 File:Flag of Bahrain.svg Bahrain Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
68 File:Flag of Gabon.svg Gabon Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
69 File:Flag of Tanzania.svg Tanzania Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
70 File:Flag of Libya.svg Libya Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
71 File:Flag of Vanuatu.svg Vanuatu Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
— File:Flag of Togo (3-2).svg Togo (suspended) Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
72 File:Flag of El Salvador.svg El Salvador Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
— File:Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg Solomon Islands (suspended) Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
— File:Flag of the Cook Islands.svg Cook Islands Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
73 File:Flag of the Comoros.svg Comoros Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
74 File:Flag of Somalia.svg Somalia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
— File:Flag of Niue.svg Niue Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
75 File:Flag of Sierra Leone.svg Sierra Leone Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
76 File:Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg Saint Kitts and Nevis Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
77 File:Flag of Belize.svg Belize Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
78 File:Flag of Malawi.svg Malawi Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
79 File:Flag of Côte d'Ivoire.svg Ivory Coast Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
80 File:Flag of The Gambia.svg Gambia Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
81 File:Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
82 File:Flag of Tuvalu.svg Tuvalu[7] Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
83 File:Flag of Brunei.svg Brunei Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
84 File:Flag of Samoa.svg Samoa Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
85 File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh[8] Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
86 File:Flag of Barbados.svg Barbados[9] Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
87 File:Flag of Chad.svg Chad[10] Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
88 File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia[10] Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
89 File:Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg Guinea-Bissau[11] Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
90 File:Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg Antigua and Barbuda[12] Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
91 File:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia[13] Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
92 File:Flag of Guinea.svg Guinea[14] Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
93 File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel[15] Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
94 File:Flag of East Timor.svg Timor-Leste[16] Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".
95 File:Flag of Tonga.svg Tonga[17] Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".

Consular relations

# Country Date
1 File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland Script error: No such module "Date table sorting".[18]

Countries that recognise Kosovo as an independent state but have not yet established diplomatic relations

# Country
1 File:Flag of Benin.svg Benin
2 File:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg Dominican Republic
3 File:Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt
4 File:Flag of Eswatini.svg Eswatini
5 File:Flag of Haiti.svg Haiti
6 File:Flag of Kenya.svg Kenya[19]
7 File:Flag of Kiribati.svg Kiribati
8 File:Flag of Peru.svg Peru
9 File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea
10 File:Flag of Sudan.svg Sudan
11 File:Flag of Suriname.svg Suriname
— File:Flag of the Republic of China.svg Taiwan[20]
12 File:Flag of Yemen.svg Yemen

Membership in international organisations

International Organisation Political Entity Represented Application date Admission date Status
During United Nations administration
Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI) UNMIK Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Observer[21]
South East Europe Transport Observatory (SEETO) Kosovo*[22][23] 11 June 2004[24] Member
Energy Community Kosovo*[25][26] 1 July 2006 Member
European Common Aviation Area (ECAA) UNMIK 30 November 2006 Member
Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) Kosovo*Template:Efn 6 April 2006 26 July 2007[27] Member
After the Declaration of Independence
International Monetary Fund (IMF) Republic of Kosovo 10 July 2008[28] 29 June 2009[29] Member
World Bank (WB) Republic of Kosovo 10 July 2008[30] 29 June 2009[31] Member
Adriatic Charter Kosovo*[32] 29 March 2012[33] 2012[34][35][36] Observer
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (ERBD) Republic of Kosovo[37] 2010 or 2009[38]Script error: No such module "Unsubst". 17 December 2012[39] Member
Regional Cooperation Council (RCC)[40] Kosovo*[41][42][43] 23 February 2013[44] Member[45]
Council of Europe Development Bank (CEB) Republic of Kosovo 14 June 2013[46] Member
Venice Commission Republic of Kosovo 13 June 2014[47] Member
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) Republic of Kosovo[48] 29 November 2014[49] Observer
South-East European Cooperation Process (SEECP) Kosovo*[50] 23 May 2015[51] Member
Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) Kosovo* 28 January 2016[52] Observer
Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence Units Republic of Kosovo 1 February 2017[53] Member
World Customs Organization (WCO) Republic of Kosovo 3 March 2017[54] Member
Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Republic of Kosovo 6 November 2015[55] 5 January 2016[56][57] Member
European Qualifications Framework Advisory Group (EQF) Republic of Kosovo 18 December 2015[58][59][60] Member
International Federation of Arts Councils and Culture Agencies (IFACCA) Republic of Kosovo 21 February 2017[61] Member
Bureau of International Expositions (BIE) Republic of Kosovo 18 March 2017[62] Member
Assemblée parlementaire de la francophonie (APF) Republic of Kosovo 9 July 2018 [63][64] Observer
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) Republic of Kosovo 9 October 2018 [65] 11 October 2018[66] Associate
European Political Community (EPC) Kosovo* 6 October 2022[67] Member
International Commission on Missing Persons Republic of Kosovo 19 July 2023[68][69] Member
NATO Parliamentary Assembly Kosovo 24 March 2024[70] Associate

Ongoing applications

Enver Hoxhaj, Kosovo's Minister of Foreign Affairs during 2011–14 and 2016–17, stated in November 2013 that the country was considering making applications for membership in three United Nations specialized agencies in the first half of 2013,[71] and that an application for membership of the Council of Europe in 2014 was being prepared.[72] Deputy Prime Minister Hashim Thaçi reiterated the state's desire to join in December 2014.[73] Kosovo is also preparing a membership application for the World Trade Organization.[74] Joining NATO's Partnership for Peace is a priority of the government.[75] Hoxhaj said in 2014 that Kosovo's goal is to be a full UN member state by 2020 and a NATO member state by 2022.[76][77] On 15 December 2022 Kosovo filed a formal application to become a member of the European Union.[78]

International Organisation Political Entity Represented Application date
Council of Bureaux (CoBx) Republic of Kosovo 2011[79]
NATO Partnership for Peace (PfP) Republic of Kosovo July 2012[80]
International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) Republic of Kosovo April 2015[81]
Council of Europe (CoE) Republic of Kosovo 12 May 2022[82]
European Union (EU) Republic of Kosovo 15 December 2022[83][84]

Names used to represent Kosovo

File:Kosovo rep en.png
Map of the Republic of Kosovo

Kosovo is represented under the name:

  • "Republic of Kosovo";
  • "Kosovo*" (with an asterisk),

depending on the particular international forum. A list is set out above. The name "Republic of Kosovo" is self-explanatory and is the preferred nomenclature of the Pristina Government. The name "Kosovo*" with an asterisk is used in other fora. Where this name is used, the asterisk is linked to a footnote which reads:

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This designation is without prejudice to positions on status and is in line with UNSCR 1244 and the ICJ opinion on Kosovo Declaration of Independence.[85][86][87]

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This "Kosovo*" designation was the outcome of an arrangement agreed to between Pristina and Belgrade in talks mediated by the European Union. This arrangement, which has been dubbed the "asterisk agreement" was agreed in an 11-point arrangement agreed on 24 February 2012.[88]

"UNMIK" is an acronym for the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo, which has joined several organisations on behalf of Kosovo.

International treaties and conventions

International treaty or convention Political Entity Represented Signature Ratification
Free Trade Agreement with Albania UNMIK 7 July 2003[89] 1 October 2003[90]
Free Trade Agreement with North Macedonia UNMIK 2 February 2006[90]
Free Trade Agreement with Croatia UNMIK 28 September 2006[90] 1 November 2006[90][91]
Free Trade Agreement with Bosnia and Herzegovina UNMIK 19 October 2006[90] 1 December 2006[90][91]
EU Pan-EURO-MED RoO convention[92] Kosovo under UNSCR 1244
Free Trade Agreement with Turkey Kosovo 27 September 2013 1 September 2019[93]
Stabilisation and Association Agreement (SAA) with the EU Kosovo 22 October 2015[94]
UK/Kosovo: Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement Kosovo 20 December 2019
EU Schengen Area non-visa agreement[95] Kosovo 26 April 2023 [96]
13 agreements and declarations with Albania Kosovo 6 July 2023 [97]

See also

Notes

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Kosova and Liechtenstein to establish diplomatic relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-06-28
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ SECI observers Template:Webarchive
  22. ↑ Before 2013 UNMIK.
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Before April 2013 membership was assigned to UNMIK.
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Ministri i FSK-së Agim Ҫeku kërkoi antarsimin në “Karta e Adriatikut” Template:Webarchive, Ministry for Kosovo Security Force, 2012-03-29 (in Albanian): "KSF Minister Agim Ҫeku sought membership in the "Adriatic Charter" ... presented reasonable and reasoned request for membership of the Republic of Kosovo ... Next Conference of Ministers of Defense is expected to take place in Bosnia and Herzegovina, where it is expected that the Republic of Kosovo is a member with full rights."
  34. ↑ Kosovo looking to join the Adriatic Charter
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Kosovo joins EBRD: "...majority decision to include the Republic of Kosovo as member.", Estonia MFA
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ EBRD – Our shareholders
  40. ↑ Formerly the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe
  41. ↑ Before 28 February 2013 membership was assigned to the UNMIK.
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  46. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  50. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  51. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  52. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  53. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  54. ↑ Kosova anëtarësohet në Organizatën Botërore të DoganaveTemplate:Category handler[<span title="Script error: No such module "string".">usurped]Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosovo, 2017-03-04 (in Albanian)
  55. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ Kosovo towards accession to the Apostille Convention and to the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo
  57. ↑ Kosova anëtarësohet në Gjykatën e Përhershme të Arbitrazhit, TRT in Albanian 2016-06-15
  58. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  59. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  60. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  61. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  62. ↑ Kosovo joins the International Exhibitions Bureau (BIE), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2016-03-18
  63. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  64. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  65. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  66. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  67. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  68. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  69. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  70. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  71. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  72. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  73. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  74. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  75. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  76. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  77. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  78. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  79. ↑ ECE/TRANS/SC.1/2012/1 – (CoB) Report from the President
  80. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  81. ↑ KOSOVA NË PRITJE TË KRITEREVE TË REJA PËR ANËTARËSIM NË INTERPOL Template:Webarchive, TV Shenja
  82. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  83. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  84. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  85. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  86. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  87. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  88. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  89. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  90. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  91. ↑ a b Provisional application
  92. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
  93. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  94. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  95. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  96. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  97. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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