Fidonisy-class destroyer

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Fidonisy-class destroyers maneuvering in close formation
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The Fidonisy class, also known as the Kerch class, were a group of eight destroyers built for the Black Sea Fleet of the Imperial Russian Navy during World War I. They participated in World War I, the Russian Civil War, and World War II.

Design and description

In early 1914, several months before the beginning of World War I, the construction of a third series of eight destroyers based on Novik for the Black Sea Fleet was proposed by the Naval Ministry in response to a perceived strengthening of the Ottoman Navy. This was approved by Nicholas II on 24 June after the destroyers had received names in honor of the victories of Admiral Fyodor Ushakov on 16 June.[1] The Fidonisy-class ships were ultimately built as an improved version of the Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". with an additional Script error: No such module "convert". gun. Naval historian Siegfried Breyer considered the class to be the least successful of NovikTemplate:'s successors.[2]

The ships had an overall length of Script error: No such module "convert"., had a beam of Script error: No such module "convert"., and a draught of Script error: No such module "convert". at deep load.[3] They normally displaced Script error: No such module "convert". and Script error: No such module "convert". at full load.[2] Their crew consisted of 136 officers and ratings.[4]

They were powered by two Parsons direct-drive steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft,[1] using steam provided by five Thornycroft boilers that operated at a pressure of Script error: No such module "convert".[4] and a temperature of Script error: No such module "convert"..[5] The turbines, rated at Script error: No such module "convert"., were intended to give a maximum speed of Script error: No such module "convert"., although they reportedly averaged about Script error: No such module "convert". in service.[2] The destroyers carried a maximum of Script error: No such module "convert". of fuel oil although the ships varied widely in their endurance, ranging from Script error: No such module "convert". at Script error: No such module "convert". (Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) to Template:Cvt at Script error: No such module "convert". (Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".).[6]

Armament

The Fidonisy class were armed with four 60-calibre 102 mm Pattern 1911 Obukhov guns, one on the forecastle and three aft; one of these latter guns was superfiring over the other two.[7] The guns had a rate of fire of 12–15 rounds per minute. They fired a Script error: No such module "convert". shell out to a range of Script error: No such module "convert". at an elevation of +30°.[8] Each ship stowed 150 rounds per gun.[4]

Anti-aircraft armament varied between ships. The first four were completed either with a pair of 39-calibre Script error: No such module "convert". "pom-pom" guns or 58-calibre Script error: No such module "convert". Hotchkiss guns. The second batch of four were fitted with a single 30-calibre Script error: No such module "convert". Lender gun.[6] The "pom-pom" fired its Script error: No such module "convert". shells at a rate of 300 rounds per minute, out to Script error: No such module "convert". at an elevation of +45°. The Script error: No such module "convert". muzzle velocity of the Hotchkiss gun gave its Script error: No such module "convert". shells a range of Script error: No such module "convert". at an elevation of +21°. The Lender gun's muzzle velocity of Script error: No such module "convert". gave it a range of Script error: No such module "convert". with its Script error: No such module "convert". shell. It had a practical rate of fire of 10–12 rounds per minute.[9]

The ships were also armed with a dozen Script error: No such module "convert". torpedo tubes in four triple mounts amidships.[10] They probably most often used the M1912 torpedo which had a Script error: No such module "convert". warhead. It had three speed/range settings: Script error: No such module "convert". at Script error: No such module "convert".; Script error: No such module "convert". at Script error: No such module "convert". and Script error: No such module "convert". at Script error: No such module "convert"..[11] The ships could also carry 80 mines.[4]

Ships

The ships were ordered on 17 March 1915[1] and all eight were built in the Russud Shipyard in Nikolaev.[2]

Construction data
Ship Name in Soviet service Laid down Launched Completed Fate
Feodonisy (Script error: No such module "Lang".) then Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Not applicable 29 October 1915[2] 31 May 1916[2] 28 May 1917[2] Scuttled, 16 June 1918[2]
Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) 2 February 1915[2] 27 August 1916[2] 11 September 1917[12]
Kaliakria (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) 29 October 1915[2] 14 August 1916[13] 30 October 1917[12] Scuttled, 18 June 1918
Salvaged, 4 October 1925
Sunk, 13 May 1942[13]
Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Not applicable 31 May 1916[2] 27 June 1917[2] Scuttled, 16 June 1918[2]
Korfu (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Petrovsky (Script error: No such module "Lang".) then Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) then PKZ-62 (Script error: No such module "Lang".) 23 June 1916[12] 10 October 1917[14] 10 June 1925[15] Transferred to Bulgaria, 1947
Returned, 1949
Scrapped, 1957
Levkas (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) 23 May 1916[12] 10 December 1925[15] Sunk, 10 April 1942[14]
Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Not applicable 1915[12] 21 March 1917[14] 1918[14] Interned in Bizerte, French Tunisia, with Wrangel's fleet and scrapped, 1924[14]
Zante (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Nezamozhny (Script error: No such module "Lang".) then Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) May 1916[12] 7 November 1923[15] Scuttled, February 1920
Salvaged, 7 September 1920[13]
Sunk as a target, early 1950s

Service

Only Fidonisy was completed in time to participate in combat, helping to sink some Turkish sailing ships in October 1917, before the navy ceased offensive operations against the Central Powers in response to the Bolshevik Decree on Peace in early November before a formal Armistice was signed the next month.[16]

References

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  1. ↑ a b c Verstyuk & Gordeev, p. 100
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Breyer, p. 64
  3. ↑ Apalkov, p. 136
  4. ↑ a b c d Apalkov, p. 137
  5. ↑ Platonov, p. 149
  6. ↑ a b Verstyuk & Gordeev, p. 116
  7. ↑ Breyer, pp. 64–65
  8. ↑ Friedman, pp. 263–264
  9. ↑ Friedman, pp. 119, 264–265
  10. ↑ Budzbon 1984, p. 311
  11. ↑ Friedman, p. 348
  12. ↑ a b c d e f Verstyuk & Gordeev, p. 101
  13. ↑ a b c Likachev, p. 49
  14. ↑ a b c d e Breyer, p. 119
  15. ↑ a b c Breyer, p. 171
  16. ↑ Greger, pp. 64–65

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Bibliography

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Further reading

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Template:Fidonisy-class destroyer Template:WWI Russian ships Script error: No such module "Military navigation".

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