Farquhar Atoll

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The Farquhar Atoll is part of the Farquhar Group of islands in the Seychelles, part of the Outer Islands chain. It is located Script error: No such module "convert". southwest of Mahé Island and the capital, Victoria, Script error: No such module "convert". north of Madagascar, and around Script error: No such module "convert". from the East African mainland.

History

The atoll was named in honor of Robert Townsend Farquhar in 1824.[1] Fishing camps were established on North Island in 1850.[2] From the early to mid-sixteenth century, the atoll had been vaguely named after Portuguese explorer João da Nova, who first encountered Farquhar and the Outer Islands while commandeering his country's expedition to India in 1504. Administration of the islands were a grey area for a time, with both Mauritius and Seychelles claiming ownership. In 1881, officials in Seychelles suggested that Farquhar Atoll (along with several other outer islands) be administered from their capital, Victoria, rather than from Mauritius. There were objections, as the owners at that time were based in Mauritius; after considerable political debate, the Mauritian owners lost their case, with administration being subsequently passed from Mauritius to Seychelles.

By 1960, the village on the northern tip of South Island was abandoned.[3] From 1965 until Seychelles independence (in 1976), Farquhar was a part of the British Indian Ocean Territory.[4] In 2004, there were basic infrastructure renovations on the atoll.[5] In 2014, the Island Conservation Society opened a conservation centre on North Island.[6][7]

On 16 April 2016, Farquhar Atoll was hit by Cyclone Fantala, the strongest tropical cyclone ever recorded in the southwestern Indian Ocean. The storm surge destroyed most of the buildings on the atoll, except the cyclone shelter. The Islands Development Company (IDC) commenced the rebuilding and rehabilitation of the island's infrastructure, rebuilding the guest house and hotel for groups taking reserved catch and release flyfishing trips (operated by Alphonse Fishing Company).

Geography

The atoll is located at Script error: No such module "Coordinates".. It is the most southerly part of the Seychelles. The total area of the atoll, including the large lagoon, is Script error: No such module "convert".. The land area is Script error: No such module "convert".. Farquhar Atoll is notable for its high sand dunes, some of which reach to over Script error: No such module "convert". in height.

List of islands

The main group of islands form a long curve which describes the eastern side of the atoll. Largest of these are North Farquhar and South Farquhar, with the smaller Manaha islands between them. Farther south is Goëlettes.
To the extreme western side of the atoll lies the island of Sable, and near it a small group known as Trois Islands.

  Island Sobriquet type Location Area
(hectares)		 Coastline (km) Length (km) Width (km) elevation (m)
1 North Farquhar Île du Nord island Script error: No such module "Coordinates". 354.40 17.90 5.0 0.6 12.2
2 South Farquhar Île du Sud island Script error: No such module "Coordinates". 419.50 14.10 5.40 0.80 23
3 North Manaha Île du Manaha Nord island Script error: No such module "Coordinates". 3.00 0.85 0.10 0.35 0.5
4 Middle Manaha Île du Manaha Milieu island Script error: No such module "Coordinates". 7.90 1.15 0.21 0.45 0.5
5 South Manaha Île du Manaha Sud island Script error: No such module "Coordinates". 4.20 1.05 0.43 0.12 0.5
6 Goëlettes island Script error: No such module "Coordinates". 32.00 2.35 0.60 0.80 3
7 Rabbit Île Lapin sand cay Script error: No such module "Coordinates". 0.80 0.50 0.25 0.05 0.00
8 Sand Trois Banc de Trois Îles sand cay Script error: No such module "Coordinates". 0.30 0.30 0.05 0.02 0.00
9 Middle Trois Île de Milieu de Trois Îles sand cay Script error: No such module "Coordinates". 0.70 0.33 0.11 0.08 0.00
10 Dépose sand cay Script error: No such module "Coordinates". 1.14 0.43 0.12 0.12 0.00
11 Sable Grande Caye island Script error: No such module "Coordinates". 11.70 1.50 0.66 0.21 0.00
  Farquhar Atoll Atoll Script error: No such module "Coordinates". 835.70       23

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Demographics

There is a small settlement [8] on North Island.

Administration

The island belongs to Outer Islands District.[9] Being an island with a small population, there are not any government buildings or services. For many services, people have to go to Victoria, which is a difficult task.

Transport

North Farquhar is bisected by a Script error: No such module "convert". paved airfield (Template:Comma separated entries) that is located near North East Point. The island is occasionally serviced by an Island Development Company (IDC) aircraft from Mahé. There is a jetty in the settlement [10]

Economics

The inhabitants on the island are engaged in very small scale farming, livestock, salted fish production and coconut processing which include production of copra, pounacTemplate:Typo help inline and coconut oil.[11] In addition, there is a small guesthouse that caters mainly for fly-fishing clients during October to April.

Flora and fauna

The islands of Farquhar (excluding the North and South Islands and the Manahas) have been designated as an Important Bird Area. Goëlettes is considered the most interesting for bird-watching and conservation, with a huge seasonal colony of over 300,000 pairs of sooty tern (Sterna fuscata) and around 10,000 pairs of brown noddy(Anous stolidus). In 2006, the Island Conservation Society recorded 15 nesting pairs of the previously-undocumented black-naped tern (Sterna sumatrana) at Sable Island, the largest population on any one island in the region, the species primarily being known from Goëlettes.

Farquhar is an important habitat for the nearly-extirpated Seychelles giant tortoise (Aldabrachelys gigantea), also referred to as the Aldabra tortoise, as their primary habitat and largest population is on Aldabra. With an estimated Seychelles population of at least 100,000 tortoises, they are the second-largest tortoise species on earth, after the Galápagos tortoise. From the ocean, Farquhar is a key nesting location for sea turtles. Surveys conducted in the early 1980s—when sea turtles were still intensively hunted—estimated 425 nesting green sea turtle females and 27 hawksbill turtles per annum.[12] A later survey, conducted in 2007, suggested an increase in the number of nesting females, thanks to the protected status given to sea turtles in Seychelles in 1994. Other fauna of interest includes several species of day gecko (genus Phelsuma), such as the gold dust day gecko (Phelsuma laticauda), as well as the coconut crab (Birgus latro), a land-dwelling, semi-arboreal species of hermit crab, the largest terrestrial arthropod known.

Tourism

There is a small lodge on the island for guests of fishing excursions, offering catch-and-release fly fishing trips through Alphonse Fishing Company.

Image gallery

References

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  1. ↑ Famous Farquhar dynasty
  2. ↑ History
  3. ↑ Atoll research bulletin
  4. ↑ Kevin Shillington, Albert Rene: The Father of Modern Seychelles, a Biography (2014), p. 18.
  5. ↑ News
  6. ↑ ICS on the news
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ village name Template:Webarchive
  9. ↑ District map
  10. ↑ Sailing directions
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Geomorphology of Farquhar

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External links

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