FIDE World Chess Championship 1996

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Template:Short description Template:Infobox chess match The FIDE World Chess Championship 1996 was a chess tournament held by FIDE to determine the World Chess Champion.

Background

At the time the World Chess Champion title was split.

In 1993, Nigel Short had qualified via FIDE's usual format to meet champion Garry Kasparov in a championship match. However, Kasparov and Short broke with FIDE and played under the auspices of a new organization which they had organized, the Professional Chess Association (PCA). Kasparov won this match to remain champion.

With its two top players withdrawn, FIDE awarded the two slots in its 1993 championship match to Anatoly Karpov and Jan Timman, both of whom had been defeated in earlier qualification rounds by Short. Karpov won the match to become the FIDE World Champion.

The FIDE World Chess Championship 1996 was FIDE's first since the 1993 split. Meanwhile, the PCA held its Classical World Chess Championship 1995, in which Kasparov defeated Viswanathan Anand to retain his title.

Many of the same players competed in both organization's qualifying events. However, Kasparov and Short did not compete in the FIDE event.

1993 Interzonal tournament

FIDE held an Interzonal tournament in Biel in July 1993, run as a 73 player, 13 round Swiss system tournament.[1]

The top 10 from the Interzonal qualified for a Championship tournament. In the event of a tie break, players were ranked by the sum of their opponents' Elo ratings, excluding the lowest rating.

1993 FIDE Interzonal Tournament
Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Total Tie break
1 Template:Flagathlete 2670 =35 +49 =6 +39 =3 +43 =2 +10 +17 =5 =13 =9 =7 9
2 Template:Flagathlete 2525 =51 =41 +71 +31 +26 =13 =1 =6 =4 =7 +17 =8 =3 31545
3 Template:Flagathlete 2645 +12 =25 +47 =28 =1 =16 +32 =4 +6 =17 =5 =7 =2 31470
4 Template:Flagathlete 2645 +58 =43 +45 +8 -10 =6 +24 =3 =2 =16 +26 =5 =9 31390
5 Template:Flagathlete 2630 -44 +60 -22 +68 +62 +65 +28 +9 =7 =1 =3 =4 =6 31345
6 Template:Flagathlete 2605 +67 =44 =1 =36 +48 =4 +23 =2 -3 =11 +29 +13 =5 31340
7 Template:Flagathlete 2685 =49 +71 =31 +55 +42 +24 =10 -17 =5 =2 +21 =3 =1 31285
8 Template:Flagathlete 2620 +26 +62 =17 -4 =22 =21 +33 =16 =9 =15 +27 =2 +24 31280
9 Template:Flagathlete 2710 -45 +19 =35 +38 +55 +37 =17 -5 =8 +31 +16 =1 =4 31240
10 Template:Flagathlete 2725 =16 =22 +44 +25 +4 =17 =7 -1 =21 =27 =18 +28 =11 8 31435
11 Template:Flagathlete 2655 =18 =35 =38 =45 =41 =36 +42 +39 =13 =6 =24 +15 =10 8 31305
12 Template:Flagathlete 2555 -3 +70 -39 +71 =31 =56 -14 +55 =20 +52 =51 +40 +32 8 31275
13 Template:Flagathlete 2685 =65 +53 =32 =22 +47 =2 =16 =29 =11 +23 =1 -6 +21 8 31195
14 Template:Flagathlete 2705 =22 =16 =21 =65 =25 =47 +12 =37 =23 =29 +33 =24 +27 8 31125
15 Template:Flagathlete 2610 +66 =23 +57 -17 =21 =22 =37 =27 +36 =8 +35 -11 +30 8 31030
16 Template:Flagathlete 2585 =10 =14 =40 +44 +56 =3 =13 =8 +29 =4 -9 =18 =20 31855
17 Template:Flagathlete 2660 +38 +39 =8 +15 =24 =10 =9 +7 -1 =3 -2 =21 =18 31580
18 Template:Flagathlete 2570 =11 =29 +20 -37 =50 -33 +70 +43 =28 +45 =10 =16 =17 31515
19 Template:Flagathlete 2460 =47 -9 +53 +33 =29 -26 =56 +59 -31 +46 =37 +45 =22 31140
20 Template:Flagathlete 2630 =34 =46 -18 =27 +58 =41 -35 +57 =12 +43 =31 +26 =16 30850
21 Template:Flagathlete 2570 +40 -24 =14 +52 =15 =8 +43 =31 =10 +22 -7 =17 -13 7 31795
22 Template:Flagathlete 2585 =14 =10 +5 =13 =8 =15 =31 =40 +52 -21 -28 +56 =19 7 31700
23 Template:Flagathlete 2575 +63 =15 =51 =56 +36 =28 -6 +24 =14 -13 =40 =31 =33 7 31625
24 Template:Flagathlete 2605 +69 +21 =28 +43 =17 -7 -4 -23 +44 +39 =11 =14 -8 7 31465
25 Template:Flagathlete 2595 +70 =3 =56 -10 =14 -40 =46 =34 =38 +65 -30 +63 +51 7 31415
26 Template:Flagathlete 2510 -8 +63 +41 +51 -2 +19 -29 +32 =35 +40 -4 -20 =28 7 31405
27 Template:Flagathlete 2590 -71 +59 -42 =20 +61 +52 =40 =15 +56 =10 -8 +38 -14 7 31360
28 Template:Flagathlete 2625 +30 +42 =24 =3 =37 =23 -5 -35 =18 +41 +22 -10 =26 7 31225
29 Template:Flagathlete 2635 =46 =18 =58 +35 =19 =42 +26 =13 -16 =14 -6 +43 =31 7 31120
30 Template:Flagathlete 2535 -28 =68 +72 =50 -39 -51 +62 +65 =32 =36 +25 +37 -15 7 30985
31 Template:Flagathlete 2605 +60 =57 =7 -2 =12 +55 =22 =21 +19 -9 =20 =23 =29 7 30980
32 Template:Flagathlete 2605 +59 =55 =13 -42 +45 +39 -3 -26 =30 =51 +49 +35 -12 7 30970
33 Template:Flagathlete 2605 -55 =61 +49 -19 +34 +18 -8 +51 =45 =35 -14 +47 =23 7 30930
34 Template:Flagathlete 2535 =20 -48 =68 =46 -33 +69 =57 =25 =47 =42 +65 =36 +45 7 30880
35 Template:Flagathlete 2575 =1 =11 =9 -29 +46 =48 +20 +28 =26 =33 -15 -32 =38 31480
36 Template:Flagathlete 2520 =48 =37 +62 =6 -23 =11 =38 +41 -15 =30 =52 =34 =40 31260
37 Template:Flagathlete 2605 =54 =36 +46 +18 =28 -9 =15 =14 -40 +56 =19 -30 =41 31165
38 Template:Flagathlete 2575 -17 +67 =11 -9 +69 =50 =36 -56 =25 +44 +39 -27 =35 31155
39 Template:Flagathlete 2595 +64 -17 +12 -1 +30 -32 +65 -11 +42 -24 -38 =48 +61 31150
40 Template:Flagathlete 2660 -21 +66 =16 +57 -43 +25 =27 =22 +37 -26 =23 -12 =36 30835
41 Template:Flagathlete 2590 =72 =2 -26 +73 =11 =20 =48 -36 +66 -28 +61 =51 =37 30735
42 Template:Flagathlete 2585 +74* -28 +27 +32 -7 =29 -11 =48 -39 =34 =46 =52 =49 6 31305
43 Template:Flagathlete 2595 +68 =4 +48 -24 +40 -1 -21 -18 +59 -20 +66 -29 =50 6 31195
44 Template:Flagathlete 2535 +5 =6 -10 -16 =57 +62 +50 -52 -24 -38 =67 =58 +68 6 31130
45 Template:Flagathlete 2585 +9 =50 -4 =11 -32 =70 +60 +47 =33 -18 +48 -19 -34 6 31090
46 Template:Flagathlete 2540 =29 =20 -37 =34 -35 +73 =25 +50 =48 -19 =42 =62 =47 6 31040
47 Template:Flagathlete 2600 =19 +54 -3 +61 -13 =14 =51 -45 =34 =50 +55 -33 =46 6 30995
48 Template:Flagathlete 2620 =36 +34 -43 +58 -6 =35 =41 =42 =46 =49 -45 =39 =52 6 30985
49 Template:Flagathlete 2580 =7 -1 -33 =60 =70 +66 =55 =58 +53 =48 -32 =50 =42 6 30910
50 Template:Flagathlete 2610 +61 =45 -55 =30 =18 =38 -44 -46 +63 =47 =56 =49 =43 6 30910
51 Template:Flagathlete 2625 =2 +72 =23 -26 -65 +30 =47 -33 +58 =32 =12 =41 -25 6 30840
52 Template:Flagathlete 2640 -57 =69 +73 -21 +63 -27 +53 +44 -22 -12 =36 =42 =48 6 30800
53 Template:Flagathlete 2535 =56 -13 -19 -69 +72 +71 -52 +64 -49 =59 -63 bye +66 6 30320
54 Template:Flagathlete 2475 =37 -47 -65 =67 -73 =68 +69 =71 =57 -66 bye +59 =63 6 30105
55 Template:Flagathlete 2485 +33 =32 +50 -7 -9 -31 =49 -12 +71 =62 -47 =68 =56 30935
56 Template:Flagathlete 2625 =53 +65 =25 =23 -16 =12 =19 +38 -27 -37 =50 -22 =55 30880
57 Template:Flagathlete 2540 +52 =31 -15 -40 =44 =59 =34 -20 =54 =58 =68 =66 =62 30820
58 Template:Flagathlete 2560 -4 +64 =29 -48 -20 =67 +72 =49 -51 =57 =59 =44 =60 30690
59 Template:Flagathlete 2485 -32 -27 +64 -62 +68 =57 +63 -19 -43 =53 =58 -54 bye 30505
60 Template:Flagathlete 2475 -31 -5 =66 =49 =71 +61 -45 =68 -65 bye =62 =64 =58 30335
61 Template:Flagathlete 2500 -50 =33 +69 -47 -27 -60 -68 +73 bye +64 -41 +67 -39 30325
62 Template:Flagathlete 2590 +73 -8 -36 +59 -5 -44 -30 =67 +70 =55 =60 =46 =57 30285
63 Template:Flagathlete 2650 -23 -26 +67 =70 -52 =64 -59 +72 -50 +73 +53 -25 =54 30225
64 Template:Flagathlete 2455 -39 -58 -59 bye =66 =63 +73 -53 =68 -61 +70 =60 =65 30200
65 Template:Flagathlete 2575 =13 -56 +54 =14 +51 -5 -39 -30 +60 -25 -34 =69 =64 5 30965
66 Template:Flagathlete 2495 -15 -40 =60 =72 =64 -49 +67 +70 -41 +54 -43 =57 -53 5 30435
67 Template:Flagathlete 2465 -6 -38 -63 =54 bye =58 -66 =62 +69 =68 =44 -61 =72 5 30330
68 Template:Flagathlete 2430 -43 =30 =34 -5 -59 =54 +61 =60 =64 =67 =57 =55 -44 5 30255
69 Template:Flagathlete 2485 -24 =52 -61 +53 -38 -34 -54 bye -67 =72 =73 =65 +71 5 30070
70 Template:Flagathlete 2455 -25 -12 bye =63 =49 =45 -18 -66 -62 +71 -64 =72 =73 30270
71 Template:Flagathlete 2330 +27 -7 -2 -12 =60 -53 bye =54 -55 -70 =72 +73 -69 30110
72 Template:Flagathlete 2410 =41 -51 -30 =66 -53 bye -58 -63 -73 =69 =71 =70 =67 4 30170
73 Template:Flagathlete 2425 -62 bye -52 -41 +54 -46 -64 -61 +72 -63 =69 -71 =70 4 30140
74 Template:Flagathlete 2320 -42* 0

Esam Aly Ahmed forfeited his first-round game against Pigusov and was dropped from the tournament.

1994–96 Championship tournament

The top 10 from the Interzonal were joined by 1993 FIDE World Champion Anatoly Karpov, 1993 FIDE runner-up Jan Timman, and 1993 Candidates semi-finalist Artur Yusupov.[2][3] (The other 1993 semi-finalist was the excluded Nigel Short).

The first round matches were held in Wijk aan Zee in January 1994, and the second round matches and third round matches in Sanghi Nagar in July–August 1994 and February 1995, respectively. If tied after the specified number of games (which happened only in the Kamsky-Anand match), rapid chess games were played as tie breaks.[4]

The format was a departure from all previous world championships, in that the reigning champion (Karpov) was not seeded directly into a championship match. Instead, he joined the competition at the third round (Candidates final).

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1996 Championship match

The final was held in Elista, Russia in June–July 1996 and played as best of 20 games.

FIDE World Chess Championship Match 1996
Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Total
Template:Flagathlete 2770 1 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 ½ 1 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 0 ½ ½ 10½
Template:Flagathlete 2735 0 1 ½ 0 ½ 0 0 ½ 0 1 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ ½

Karpov won and retained his title.

References

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  1. 1993 FIDE Interzonal – Mark Weeks' Chess Pages
  2. 1994-96 FIDE Candidates Matches – Mark Weeks' Chess Pages
  3. 1996 Karpov - Kamsky FIDE Title Match – Mark Weeks' Chess Pages
  4. WCh 08 g6: Anand Won, Kramnik Done, Mig Greengard blog, October 20, 2008 (see comments in final paragraph)

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Further reading

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