Ernst Kals
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Ernst Kals (2 August 1905 – 2 November 1979) was a Kapitän zur See with the Kriegsmarine during World War II. He commanded the Type IXC U-boat Template:GS on five patrols. He was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.
Career
Kals joined the Reichsmarine in 1924. In October 1940, after a period of service on torpedo boats and light cruisers, he transferred to the Ubootwaffe ("U-boat force"). After one patrol on Template:GS under the command of Nicolai Clausen as commander in training, he took command of Template:GS in June 1941. He was awarded the Knight's Cross in September 1941.[1]
In April 1942, Kals, in U-130, bombarded the Allied petroleum tank farm on Curaçao, in the Netherlands Antilles. He went on to sink a total of 20 ships on five patrols, for a total of 145,656 tons of Allied shipping. In five minutes he sank three United States troopships, the Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities"., Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities". and Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities"..[1]
In January 1943 Kals became commander of the 2nd U-boat Flotilla, based in Lorient, France. Promoted to Kapitän zur See in September 1944, he remained in this position until the end of the war.[1]
Later life
Kals was held in French captivity from May 1945 to January 1948. He died at Emden in 1979 at the age of 74.[1]
Awards
- Iron Cross (1939) 2nd Class (18 December 1939) & 1st Class (18 December 1941)[2]
- U-boat War Badge (1939) (18 December 1941)[2]
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 1 September 1942 as Korvettenkapitän and commander of U-130[3]
- War Merit Cross 2nd Class with Swords (30 January 1944)[2]
References
Notes
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Bibliography
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