Erdenet

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Erdenet (Template:IPAc-en; Template:Langx Script error: No such module "IPA"., 'precious, valuable') is the third-largest city in Mongolia and the provincial capital of Orkhon. Located in the northern Mongolia, it lies in a valley between the Selenge and Orkhon rivers about Template:Cvt (as the crow flies) northwest of Ulaanbaatar, Darkhan, the capital. The road length between Ulaanbaatar and Erdenet is about Template:Convert. As of the 2018 census, the city had a population of 98,057.

History

Erdenet, one of the youngest settlements in Mongolia, was founded in 1974[1] in an area where large deposits of copper had been discovered in the 1950s. A single-track railway line with a length of Template:Cvt linking Erdenet to the Trans-Mongolian Railway was inaugurated in 1977.[2] In the middle of the 1980s, more than 50% of the inhabitants were Russians working as engineers or miners. After the fall of Soviet Communism in 1990, however, most Russians left Erdenet. Today, about 10% of the population is Russian.[1]

Erdenet Mining Corporation

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The Erdenet Mining Corporation is a joint Mongolian-Russian venture, and accounts for a majority of Mongolia's hard currency income. Erdenet mines 22.23 million tons of ore per year, producing 126,700 tons of copper and 1,954 tons of molybdenum.[3] The mine accounts for 13.5% of Mongolia's GDP and 7% of tax revenue.[4] About 8,000 people are employed in the mine.[5]

Transport

Erdenet is linked to Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, and to the towns of Darkhan and Bulgan by a paved road and is easily accessible by bus several times each day. The distance to the capital where the nearest airport is situated amounts to Template:Cvt and travel by car takes about eight hours.

Landmarks

Erdenet is home to several cultural and economic landmarks. The Erdenet Carpet Factory, established in 1981 about Template:Convert east of the city center, processes approximately 2,000 tons of wool annually and employs around 1,100 workers.[6] Cultural institutions include the Mining Museum, located in the Palace of Culture on the central square,[7] and the Museum of Orkhon Province, founded in 1983. The Friendship Monument, erected in 1984, stands on a hill in northeastern Erdenet. Amarbayasgalant Monastery, a major Buddhist site located about Template:Convert northeast of Erdenet, was founded between 1727 and 1737, partially destroyed in 1937, and restored after 1975 with support from UNESCO.

Population

Erdenet population[8][9][10][11][12][13]
1975
est. 		1979
census 		1981
est. 		1985
est. 		1989
census 		1994
est. 		2000
census 		2003
est. 		2004
est. 		2005
est. 		2006
est. 		2007
est. 		2008
est.
4,100 31,900 38,700 45,400 56,100 63,000 68,310 78,882 80,858 81,249 83,160 85,121 86,866

Climate

Erdenet has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification: BSk). Summers are typically warm and rainy with cool nights, while winters are long, very cold, and dry.

Template:Weather box

Gallery

Notable residents

Twin towns – sister cities

Erdenet is twinned with:

City Region Country
Fairbanks Template:Flagicon Alaska Template:Flagicon United States
Ulan-Ude Template:Flagicon Buryatia Template:Flagicon Russia
Edremit[14] Balıkesir Template:Flagicon Turkey
Székesfehérvár[15] Template:Flagicon Fejér County Template:Flagicon Hungary

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:Sister project Template:Wikivoyage

Template:Districts of Orkhon Template:Provincial capitals of Mongolia Template:Authority control

  1. ↑ a b Michael Kohn: Mongolia, p. 142, London (2008)
  2. ↑ Werner Elstner: Mongolei, p. 146, Berlin 1993
  3. ↑ Montsame News Agency. Mongolia (2006), Foreign Service Office of Montsame News Agency, Template:ISBN, pg. 80
  4. ↑ Montsame News Agency. Mongolia (2006), Foreign Service Office of Montsame News Agency; Template:ISBN, pg. 83
  5. ↑ Michael Kohn: Mongolia, p. 143, London (2008)
  6. ↑ Marion Wisotzki. Mongolei, p.227, Berlin 2010
  7. ↑ Michael Kohn: Mongolia, p. 144, London (2008)
  8. ↑ National Statistical Office Template:Webarchive
  9. ↑ National Economy of the Mongolian People's Republic (1921-1981), Ulaanbaatar (1981)
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Mongolia City Development Strategies for Secondary Cities, worldbank.org; accessed 22 February 2017.
  13. ↑ Statistical Report 2008 Template:Webarchive, statis.mn; accessed 22 February 2017.
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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