Emperor Bidatsu
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Script error: No such module "Nihongo". was the 30th emperor of Japan,[1] according to the traditional order of succession.[2]
The traditional regnal years of Bidatsu are 572−585, within Asuka period; however, there are no certain dates for this emperor's life or reign.[3] This is the post-Kofun period of the Yamato Kingship.
The names and sequence of the early emperors were not confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kanmu, who was the 50th monarch of the Imperial House.[4]
Traditional narrative
Historians consider details about the life of Emperor Bidatsu to be possibly legendary, but probable.[5] The name Bidatsu-tennō was created for him posthumously by later generations.
In the Nihon Shoki, he is called Script error: No such module "Nihongo"..
His palace in Yamato Province was called Osada no Miya of Iware.[6]
Events of Bidatsu's life
According to traditional historiography, in the 15th year of Emperor Kinmei’s reign, Bidatsu was named crown prince.[6] In the Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., the emperor died, and the succession was received by his second son. Soon after, Emperor Bidatsu is said to have acceded to the throne.[7]
Bidatsu's contemporary title would not have been titled Tennō, as most historians believe this title was not introduced until the reigns of Emperor Tenmu and Empress Jitō. Rather, it was presumably Script error: No such module "Nihongo".. Alternatively, Bidatsu might have been referred to as Script error: No such module "Lang".Script error: No such module "Category handler". or the "Great King of Yamato".
Bidatsu's reign was marked by power struggles about Buddhism, which had been introduced in his mother's lifetime. The two most important men in the court of Bidatsu were Soga no Umako and Mononobe no Moriya.[8] Soga supported the growth of Buddhism, and Moriya wanted to stop it.[9]
Bidatsu sought to re-establish relations with the Three Kingdoms of Korea, according to Nihon Shoki, his court successfully established relations with two of them, Baekje and Silla.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
He died from a disease which afflicted him with sores, apparently the first royal victim of smallpox in Japan.[10]
The actual site of Bidatsu's grave is known.[1] He is traditionally venerated at a Script error: No such module "Nihongo". at Osaka. The Imperial Household Agency designates this location as Bidatsu's mausoleum. It is formally named Kawachi no Shinaga no naka no o no misasagi.[11]
Genealogy
He was the second son of Emperor Kinmei. His mother, Ishi-hime, was a daughter of Emperor Senka.[6]
Although he had many children, none of them would ever become Emperor.[12] According to Gukanshō, Bidatsu had four empresses and 16 Imperial children (6 sons and 10 daughters).[6]
Bidatsu's first empress, Hirohime, died in the fifth year of his reign. To replace her, he elevated one of his consorts, Princess Nukatabe, to the rank of empress. Nukatabe was his half-sister by their father Kinmei. Later she ascended to the throne in her own right and is today known as Empress Suiko.
He was succeeded first by one of his brothers, Emperor Yōmei, then by another, Emperor Sushun, and then Empress Suiko, his sister and wife, before his grandson, Emperor Jomei, eventually took the throne.
- Empress: Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., Prince Okinaga-no-Mate's daughter
- First Son: Script error: No such module "Nihongo".
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- Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., Saiō
- Empress: Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., later Empress Suiko, Emperor Kinmei's daughter
- Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., married to Prince Shōtoku
- Script error: No such module "Nihongo".
- Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., married to Prince Oshisako-no-Hikohito-no-Ōe
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- Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., father of Tachibana-no-Oiratsume (Prince Shōtoku's consort)
- Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., married to Emperor Jomei
- Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., married to Prince Oshisako-no-Hikohito-no-Ōe, later married to Prince Kume (Emperor Yomei's son)
- Consort: Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., Kasuga no Nakakimi no Omi's daughter
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- Third Son: Script error: No such module "Nihongo".
- Concubine: Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., Ohoka no Obito no Okuma's daughter
- Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., also Script error: No such module "Lang".Script error: No such module "Category handler".
- Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., married to Prince Oshisako no Hikohito no Ōe
See also
Notes
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- ↑ a b Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō), 敏達天皇 (30); retrieved 2013-1-31.
- ↑ Brown, Delmer. (1979). Gukanshō, pp. 262–263; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. pp. 124–125; Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 36–37; Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2002). "Traditional order of Tennō" in Japan encyclopedia, pp. 962–963.
- ↑ Nussbaum, "Traditional order of Tennō" at pp. 962–963; excerpt, "dates... should be treated with caution up to Emperor Bidatsu Tennō, the thirtieth on the list."
- ↑ Aston, William George. (1896). Nihongi, p. 109 n1.
- ↑ Kelly, Charles F. "Kofun Culture", Japanese Archaeology. 27 April 2009; retrieved 2013-1-31.
- ↑ a b c d Brown, p. 262.
- ↑ Titsingh, p. 36; Varley, p. 44; n.b., the distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami; compare Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō), Ceremony of Accession (Sokui-no-Rei); retrieved 2013-1-31.
- ↑ Titsingh, p. 36.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 262–263.
- ↑ Hopkins, Donald R. (2002). The Greatest Killer, p. 106, citing Aston (1896). Nihongi, Vol. II. p. 104.
- ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959) The Imperial House of Japan, p. 419.
- ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, p. 46.
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References
- Aston, William George. (1896). Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner. Template:Catalog lookup link
- Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. Template:ISBN; Template:Catalog lookup link
- Hopkins, Donald R. (2002). The Greatest Killer. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Template:ISBN; Template:ISBN; Template:Catalog lookup link
- Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. Template:Catalog lookup link
- Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon (Nihon Ōdai Ichiran). Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. Template:Catalog lookup link
- Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns. New York: Columbia University Press. Template:ISBN; Template:Catalog lookup link
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