Discocactus
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Discocactus is a genus of tropical cacti. Discocactus plants are endemic to southern Brazil, eastern Bolivia, and northern Paraguay.[1] These species are in the risk of extinction in the wild.
Description
The species of the genus Discocactus are depressed spherical to spherical and usually solitary plants, with mostly numerous, at the base somewhat broadened ribs and well-developed warts. The areoles are usually covered by strong thorns. At the apex of the adult plants, there is a wooly cephalium, white or shaded with yellow or grey. The terminal cephalium, up to 4 centimeters high, is slightly depressed. It consists of white, yellowish to grayish white wool and may have bristly spines.
The fragrant, white, funnel- or tray-shaped flowers arise at the edge of the cephalium and open at night. Their pericarpel, glabrous at the base, is covered with scales higher up. There is no wool or hair. The slender flower-tube is also covered with scales.
The spherical to club-shaped to oblong, white to pink to bright red fruits are glabrous and slightly fleshy. They open at a vertical slit and have a perennial flower remnant. The fruits contain broadly oval to almost spherical, shiny black seeds that are 2 to 2.5 millimeters long.[2]
Taxonomy
The genus was first described in 1837 by Ludwig Georg Karl Pfeiffer.[3] The name comes from the ancient Greek Script error: No such module "Lang". (=disc) because of its shape.
Species
All species are listed under Appendix I of CITES meaning commercial international trade is prohibited and non-commercial international trade is regulated.[4]
Template:As of, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:[5]
| Image | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| File:Discocactus bahiensis Britton & Rose ssp. gracilis P.J.Braun & Esteves.jpg | Discocactus bahiensis Britton & RoseScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Brazil (Bahia) |
| File:Discocactus boliviensis Backeberg from type locality.jpg | Discocactus boliviensis Buining & BrederooScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Bolivia (Santa Cruz) |
| Discocactus buenekeri W.R.AbrahamScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Brazil (Bahia) | |
| File:Discocactus rapirhizus.jpg | Discocactus catingicola Buining & BrederooScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Brazil (Mato Grosso) |
| File:Discocactus diersianus Esteves from type habitat.JPG | Discocactus diersianus EstevesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Brazil (Goiás) |
| File:Discocactus fariae-peresii flowering.jpg | Discocactus fariae-peresii P.J.BraunScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Brazil (Goiás) |
| File:Discocactus ferricola 2.jpg | Discocactus ferricola Buining & BrederooScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Bolivia to Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul) |
| File:Discocactus hartmannii ssp. giganteus PJ Braun et Esteves Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil.JPG | Discocactus hartmannii (K.Schum.) Britton & RoseScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Paraguay to Brazil (Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul) |
| File:Discocactus silicicola Buining & Brederoo from type locality.jpg | Discocactus heptacanthus (Barb.Rodr.) Britton & RoseScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz, Tarija), Brazil (Bahia, Goias, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais), Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Alto Parana, Amambay, Boqueron, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Central Departemento, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones (Departamento), Neembucu, Paraguari, Presidente Hayes, San Pedro) |
| File:Discocactus horstii.jpg | Discocactus horstii Buining & BrederooScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Brazil (Minas Gerais: Mun. Grão-Mogol) |
| File:Discocactus zehntneri ssp. petr-halfarii (Zachar) M.R.Santos & M. Machado Bahia Brasil.jpg | Discocactus petr-halfarii Zachar | Brazil (Bahia) |
| File:Discocactus placentiformis ssp. pugionacanthus (Buining & Brederoo) P.J.Braun & Esteves.jpg | Discocactus placentiformis (Lehm.) K.Schum.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Brazil (Minas Gerais) |
| Discocactus pseudoinsignis N.P.Taylor & ZappiScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Brazil (Minas Gerais) | |
| File:Discocactus zehntneri ssp. horstiorum (P.J.Braun) P.J.Braun & Esteves Bahia Brasil.jpg | Discocactus zehntneri Britton & RoseScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Brazil (Bahia) |
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References
Bibliography
- Edward F. Anderson : The Cactus Family. Timber Press: Portland (Oregon), 2001, p. 218-221 Template:ISBN
- N. L. Britton, J. N. Rose: The Cactaceae. Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family. Washington, 1920