Discinaceae
Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox
The Discinaceae are a family of ascomycete fungi, the best known members of which are the false morels of the genus Gyromitra. Originally erected by Erich Heinz Benedix in 1961, it was found to be a discrete clade in a molecular study of ribosomal DNA by mycologist Kerry O'Donnell in 1997.[1] As of 2008, the family is thought to contain 5 genera and 58 species.[2] As of 2022, the GBIF accepts Discina (Fr.) Fr.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (27 spp), Gymnohydnotrya B.C.Zhang & Minter, 1989Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (4 spp), Gyromitra Fr., 1849Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (73 spp), Hydnotrya Berk. & BroomeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (52 spp) and Maublancomyces (1 sp). But calls Neogyromitra S.ImaiScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". and Pseudorhizina Jacz.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". doubtful.[3]
Members in the family Discinaceae are known to have epigeous and hypogeous species, and are characterized by ascomata composed of an inner layer of interwoven hyphae and an outer layer composed of elongated cells arranged perpendicular to its exterior.[4] Discinaceae include species possessing saddle-shaped apothecia and hypogeous truffles.[5] Discinaceae possess cylindrical, 8-spored, tapered asci and ascospores that can be elliptical, globose or fusoid.[5] Discinaceae exhibit various morphological traits, such as disc-shaped fruiting bodies, brain-like stalks, and saddle-shaped caps.[6] Discinaceae has been proposed as a sister lineage with Morchellaceae, but is only supported by similarities in morphologic traits.[7] Members such as Hydnotrya tulasnei are known to form ectomycorrhizal relationships with broadleaf and conifer trees in the Northern Hemisphere.[8] Discinaceae abundance has been found to significantly correlate by forest type, such as the abundance of Hydnotrya in black truffle-producing riparian forests in Serbia.[9]
References
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