Demographics of Nova Scotia

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Template:Short description

File:Canada Nova Scotia Density 2016.png
Canada Nova Scotia Density 2016

Nova Scotia (Latin for New Scotland; Template:Langx; Template:Langx; Template:Langx) is a Canadian province located on the country's southeastern coast. It is the most populous province in Atlantic Canada, and its capital, Halifax, is a major economic centre of the region. Geographically, Nova Scotia is the second smallest province in Canada, with an area of Script error: No such module "convert".. As of April 2024, it has a population of 1,072,545 people.[1]

History

Template:PortGraph

Year Population % change Rank*
5-year 10-year
1827 123,630 – – n/a
1837 199,906 – 62.0
1851 276,854 – –
1861 330,857 – 19.5
1871 387,800 – 17.2 3
1881 440,572 – 13.6
1891 450,396 – 2.2
1901 459,574 – 2.0
1911 492,338 – 7.1 4
1921 523,837 – 6.4 7
1931 512,846 – - 2.1
1941 577,962 – 12.7
1951 642,584 – 11.2
1956 694,717 8.1 –
1961 737,007 6.1 14.7
1966 756,039 2.6 8.8
1971 788,965 4.4 7.0
1976 828,570 5.0 9.6
1981 847,442 2.3 7.4
1986 873,175 3.0 5.4
1991 899,942 3.1 6.2
1996 909,282 1.0 4.1
2001 908,007 - 0.1 0.9
2006 913,462 0.6 2.8
2011 921,727 0.9 1.5
2016 923,5980.2 1.1
2021 969,3835.0 5.2

Source:[2] Statistics Canada [3][4]
* among provinces.
** Preliminary 2006 census estimate.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Population geography

Population centres

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The Halifax population centre is the largest urban area in Nova Scotia. Statistics Canada recognizes a total of 37 population centres in the province.[5]

List of population centres in Nova Scotia

Municipalities

Nova Scotia has four regional municipalities.

Name Population
(2021)[6] 		Population
(2016)[6] 		Change
(%)[6] 		Area
(km²)[6] 		Population
density[6]
Cape Breton Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Nts
Halifax Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Nts
Queens Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Nts
West Hants Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Nts
Total regional municipalities Template:Nts Template:Nts Template:Nts Template:Nts Template:Nts

Towns

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Nova Scotia has 25 towns.

Towns of Nova Scotia

Ethnic origins

Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Note: the percentages do not necessarily add up to 100% as multiple responses are allowed. Ethnic origins with less than 2% of the responses are not listed.[7]

Ethnic origin (Canada 2016 Census)
Population group Population % of total population
Canadian 387,360 42.6%
Scottish 272,880 30.0%
English 262,375 28.9%
Irish 195,865 21.6%
French 149,625 16.5%
German 97,555 10.7%
First Nations (Indigenous North American) 48,640 5.4%
Dutch 32,045 3.5%
Métis 26,025 2.9%
Acadian 23,700 2.6%

Visible minorities and Indigenous peoples

Visible minority and Indigenous population (Canada 2021 Census)[8]
Population group Population %
EuropeanTemplate:Efn 809,995 84.7%
Visible minority group
 South Asian 21,655 2.3%
Chinese 11,600 1.2%
Black 28,220 3.0%
Filipino 6,615 0.7%
Arab 10,610 1.1%
Latin American 2,915 0.3%
Southeast Asian 2,400 0.3%
West Asian 1,875 0.2%
Korean 2,845 0.3%
Japanese 985 0.1%
Visible minority, n.i.e. 970 0.1%
Multiple visible minorities 2,750 0.3%
Total visible minority population 93,430 9.8%
Indigenous group
 First Nations (North American Indian) 28,050 2.9%
Métis 21,090 2.2%
Inuk (Inuit) 1,100 0.1%
Multiple Indigenous responses 885 0.1%
Indigenous responses n.i.e. 1,300 0.1%
Total Indigenous population 52,430 5.5%
Total population 955,855 100.0%

Language

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Knowledge of languages

Knowledge of official languages of Canada in Nova Scotia (2016)
Language Percent
English only
 
 89.17%
French only
 
 0.08%
English and French
 
 10.45%
Neither English nor French
 
 0.30%

The question on knowledge of languages allows for multiple responses. The following figures are from the 2021 Canadian Census and the 2016 Canadian Census, and lists languages that were selected by at least 0.5 per cent of respondents.

Knowledge of languages in Nova Scotia
Language 2021[9] 2016
Pop. % Pop. %
English 951,945 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 905,020 99.63%
French 99,300 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 95,740 10.54%
Arabic 11,745 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 9,685 1.07%
Hindi 10,115 Script error: No such module "Percentage". N/A <0.5%
Spanish 8,675 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 6,990 0.77%
Mandarin 8,525 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 5,435 0.6%
Punjabi 6,730 Script error: No such module "Percentage". N/A <0.5%
German 6,665 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 6,335 0.7%
Miꞌkmaq 5,650 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 5,540 0.61%
Tagalog 5,595 Script error: No such module "Percentage". N/A <0.5%

Mother tongue

File:Nouvelle-Ecosse langues.png
Mother tongue in Nova Scotia: Red – majority anglophone, Orange – mixed, Blue – majority francophone, Brown- majority mi'kmaw.

The 2021 Canadian census showed a population of 969,383.
Of the 941,105 singular responses to the census question concerning mother tongue the most commonly reported languages were:[10]

Ranking Language Population Percentage
1. English 851,545 90.48%
2. French 27,340 2.91%
3. Arabic 7,960 0.85%
4. Mandarin 6,730 0.72%
5. Punjabi 4,550 0.48%
6. Tagalog 3,240 0.34%
7. Mi'kmaq 3,145 0.33%
8. German 3,050 0.32%
9. Spanish 2,680 0.28%
10. Korean 2,340 0.25%
11. Hindi 2,035 0.22%
12. Malayalam 1,975 0.21%
13. Russian 1,735 0.18%
14. Persian 1,435 0.15%
15. Dutch 1,395 0.15%
16. Portuguese 1,305 0.14%
17. Yue (Cantonese) 1,250 0.13%
18. Gujarati 1,160 0.12%
19. Urdu 965 0.10%
20. Vietnamese 950 0.10%
21. Bengali 890 0.09%
22. Polish 870 0.09%
23. Telugu 750 0.08%
24. Italian 730 0.08%
25. Greek 710 0.08%
26. Serbo-Croatian 580 0.06%
27. Tamil 555 0.06%

Religion

File:Counties of Nova Scotia by Majority Religion.png
Majority religion in Nova Scotia by county
Religious groups in Nova Scotia (1981−2021)
Religious group 2021[11] 2011[12] 2001[13] 1991[14] 1981[15]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Christianity File:Christian cross.svg 556,115 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 690,460 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 780,530 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 815,815 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 800,325 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Irreligion 359,395 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 197,665 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 106,405 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 68,010 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 34,335 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Islam File:Star and Crescent.svg 14,715 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 8,505 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 3,545 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,435 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 790 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Hinduism File:Om.svg 8,460 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,850 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,235 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 970 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,025 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Sikhism File:Khanda.svg 4,735 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 390 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 270 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 330 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 275 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Buddhism File:Dharma Wheel (2).svg 2,955 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 2,205 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,735 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,485 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 420 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Judaism File:Star of David.svg 2,195 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,805 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 2,120 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,950 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 2,010 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Indigenous spirituality 1,090 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 570 Script error: No such module "Percentage". — — — — — —
Other 6,195 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 2,720 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,720 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 960 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 525 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Total responses 955,855 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 906,175 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 897,570 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 890,950 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 839,800 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Total population 969,383 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 921,727 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 908,007 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 899,942 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 847,442 Script error: No such module "Percentage".

Migration

Immigration

Nova Scotia Immigration Statistics[16]Template:Rp[17]Template:Rp[18]Template:Rp
Year Immigrant percentage Immigrant population Total population
1861 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 36,151 330,857
1881 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 27,713 440,572
1891 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 26,315 450,396
1901 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 24,402 459,574
1911 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 36,375 492,338
1921 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 43,505 523,837
1931 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 41,797 512,846
1941 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 40,741 577,962
1951 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 28,680 642,584
1961 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 34,168 737,007
1971 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 37,190 788,960

The 2021 census reported that immigrants (individuals born outside Canada) comprise 71,570 persons or 7.5 percent of the total population of Nova Scotia.[19]

Immigrants in Nova Scotia by country of birth
Country of Birth 2021[20][19] 2016[21] 2011[22][23] 2006[24][25] 2001[26][27]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
United Kingdom 11,930 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 11,270 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 11,000 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 11,660 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 10,800 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
United States 7,570 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 7,375 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 8,275 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 7,960 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 8,065 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
India 5,605 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 2,225 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,415 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,440 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,140 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Philippines 4,755 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 2,575 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,325 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 420 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 495 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
China 4,320 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 2,830 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,710 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,740 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,025 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Syria 2,420 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,150 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 185 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 135 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 180 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Germany 2,375 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 2,600 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 2,385 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 2,850 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 2,455 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Nigeria 1,745 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 350 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 215 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 165 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 105 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Lebanon 1,565 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,365 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,590 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,265 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,460 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Netherlands 1,465 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,645 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,530 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,830 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 1,975 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Total immigrants 71,570 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 55,680 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 48,275 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 45,190 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 41,315 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Total responses 955,855 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 908,340 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 906,175 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 903,090 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 897,570 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Total population 969,383 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 923,598 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 921,727 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 913,462 Script error: No such module "Percentage". 908,007 Script error: No such module "Percentage".

Recent immigration

The 2021 Canadian census counted a total of 21,385 people who immigrated to Nova Scotia between 2016 and 2021.[19]

Recent immigrants to Nova Scotia by Country of birth (2016 to 2021)[19]
Country of Birth Population % recent immigrants
India 3,665 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Philippines 2,325 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Syria 2,140 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
China 2,045 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Nigeria 1,445 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
United States 880 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
United Kingdom 730 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
South Korea 580 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Pakistan 375 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Egypt 375 Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Total 21,385 Script error: No such module "Percentage".

Interprovincial migration

File:Net cumulative interprovincial migration, 1997 to 2017, as a share of population, 2016.png
Net cumulative interprovincial migration per Province from 1997 to 2017, as a share of population of each Provinces

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". From 1971 to 2011, Nova Scotia had a persistent negative trend in net interprovincial migration. Combined with a declining birth rate, this posed a significant demographic challenge for the province, as its population was projected to decline. The destination for Nova Scotia migrants was most often Ontario, until the turn of the 21st century when Alberta became a more popular destination; New Brunswick ranks as a distant third.[28]

Interprovincial migration in Nova Scotia
In-migrants Out-migrants Net migration
2008–09 15,467 16,218 −751
2009–10 15,172 14,560 612
2010–11 14,553 14,594 −41
2011–12 14,410 17,276 −2,866
2012–13 12,630 16,147 −3,517
2013–14 13,402 15,973 −2,571
2014–15 13,854 16,165 −2,311
2015–16 15,107 14,353 754
2016–17 15,339 12,500 2,839
2017–18 15,509 12,461 3,048
2018–19 17,324 14,018 3,306

Source: Statistics Canada

Employment

As of February 2019, the unemployment rate for the province is 6.4 percent. Halifax Regional Municipality 4.9 percent[29]

Income

Median household income
By county By community
Rank County 2011[30]
1 Halifax County $62,049
2 Hants County $60,186
3 Antigonish County $57,577
Nova Scotia $53,606
4 Inverness County $53,194
5 Kings County $51,850
6 Richmond County $50,745
7 Colchester County $50,568
8 Pictou County $50,417
9 Lunenburg County $48,154
10 Yarmouth County $47,676
11 Victoria County $47,413
12 Cape Breton County $47,224
13 Queens County $45,050
14 Shelburne County $44,267
15 Cumberland County $43,385
16 Annapolis County $43,522
17 Digby County $42,293
18 Guysborough County $42,063
Rank Community 2011[30]
1 Halifax Regional Municipality $62,069
2 Port Hawkesbury $61,013
Nova Scotia $53,606
3 Stewiacke $52,118
4 Mahone Bay $49,158
5 Wolfville $48,671
6 Hantsport $48,584
7 Clark's Harbour $48,102
8 Cape Breton Regional Municipality $47,830
9 Stellarton $46,307
10 Antigonish $45,538
11 Kentville $45,098
12 New Glasgow $44,942
13 Westville $44,647
14 Middleton $44,048
15 Annapolis Royal $43,956
16 Trenton $42,535
17 Pictou $41,905Template:Efn
18 Truro $41,878
19 Windsor $41,859
20 Amherst $41,027
21 Bridgewater $40,049
22 Berwick $39,674
23 Lunenburg $39,529
24 Bridgetown $38,248Template:Efn
25 Oxford $37,734Template:Efn
26 Springhill $36,995Template:Efn
27 Mulgrave $36,200
28 Canso $35,574
29 Shelburne $35,526
30 Yarmouth $34,572
31 Lockeport $33,854Template:Efn
32 Digby $33,437
33 Parrsboro $27,472Template:Efn

Notes

Template:Notelist

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Canada's population Template:Webarchive. Statistics Canada. Last accessed September 28, 2006.
  4. ↑ Population urban and rural, by province and territory (Nova Scotia) Template:Webarchive. Statistics Canada, 2005.
  5. ↑ Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and population centres, 2011 and 2006 censuses: Nova Scotia Template:Webarchive. Statistics Canada.
  6. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Unemployment rate
  30. ↑ a b National Household Survey (NHS) Profile - Select from a List Template:Webarchive Statistics Canada

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