December 2010 lunar eclipse

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Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox lunar eclipse A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Tuesday, December 21, 2010,[1] with an umbral magnitude of 1.2576. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 4 days before apogee (on December 25, 2010, at 7:15 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.[2]

This eclipse was notable in that it coincided with the date of the Winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and Summer solstice in the Southern Hemisphere. It was the first total lunar eclipse to occur on the day of the Northern Winter Solstice (Southern Summer Solstice) since 1638, and only the second in the Common Era.[3][4]

Visibility

The eclipse was completely visible over North America and the eastern Pacific Ocean, seen rising over east Asia and Australia and setting over South America, west Africa, and Europe.[5]

File:Lunar eclipse from moon-2010Dec21.png File:Lunar eclipse chart close-10dec21.png
Hourly motion shown right to left 		File:Lunar eclipse chart-10dec21.png
The Moon's hourly motion across the Earth's shadow in the constellation of Taurus.
File:Visibility Lunar Eclipse 2010-12-21.png
Visibility map

Images

File:Lunar eclipse from moon-10dec21.png
These simulated views of the Earth from the center of the Moon during the lunar eclipse show where the eclipse is visible on Earth.
File:2010-12-21 Lunar Eclipse Sketch.png
NASA chart of the eclipse

Gallery

Progressions
File:Lunar eclipse.jpg
Progression from São Paulo, Brazil
File:Lunar Eclipse from Achhorage Alaska.jpg
Progression from Anchorage, Alaska
File:VLT Cerro Paranal Total Lunar Eclipse 21 December 2010.jpg
Panorama showing the view from the site of the VLT
File:LunarEclipseSequence-December21-10-rectangle.jpg
Sequence from Toronto, Ontario, Canada
(Sequence is in 15-minute increments, with 5-minute increments up until totality at 8:17 am UTC) 		File:LunarEclipseSequence-December21-10.jpg
Progression from Toronto, Canada
File:Lunar Eclipse Sequence on Winter Solstice Dec 21 2010.jpg
From Jacksonville, Florida, 8:29 UTC - 10:06 UTC 		File:12-2010 Lunar-Eclipse.jpg
From Easton, Pennsylvania

Individual shots, sorted by time:

Animations:

Timing

In North America, the eclipse was visible in its entirety on 21 December 2010, from 12:27 a.m. to 6:06 a.m. Eastern Standard Time.[7] In the Central Standard Time zone and west, the eclipse began the night of 20 December.[8] Observers along South America's east coast missed the late stages of the eclipse because they occurred after moon-set.[9]

Likewise much of Europe and Africa experienced moon-set while the eclipse was in progress. In Europe, only those observers in northern Scandinavia (including Iceland), Ireland and Britain could observe the entire event. For observers in eastern Asia the moon rose in eclipse. The eclipse was not visible from southern and eastern Africa, the Middle East or South Asia. In Japan and northeastern Asia, the eclipse's end was visible, with the moon rising at sunset. In the Philippines it was observable as a partial lunar eclipse just after sunset.[9]

Predictions suggested that the total eclipse may appear unusually orange or red, as a result of the eruption of Mount Merapi in Indonesia on 26 October.[10]

Local times of eclipse over North America
Event HAST
(UTC-10) 		AKST
(UTC−9) 		PST
(UTC−8) 		MST
(UTC−7) 		CST
(UTC−6) 		EST
(UTC−5) 		AST
(UTC−4) 		UTC
(UTC)
Start penumbral (P1) 7:29 pm(*) 8:29 pm(*) 9:29 pm(*) 10:29 pm(*) 11:29 pm(*) 12:29 am 1:29 am 5:29 am
Start umbral (U1) 8:33 pm(*) 9:33 pm(*) 10:33 pm(*) 11:33 pm(*) 12:33 am 1:33 am 2:33 am 6:33 am
Start total (U2) 9:41 pm(*) 10:41 pm(*) 11:41 pm(*) 12:41 am 1:41 am 2:41 am 3:41 am 7:41 am
Greatest eclipse 10:17 pm(*) 11:17 pm(*) 12:17 am 1:17 am 2:17 am 3:17 am 4:17 am 8:17 am
End total (U3) 10:53 pm(*) 11:53 pm(*) 12:53 am 1:53 am 2:53 am 3:53 am 4:53 am 8:53 am
End umbral (U4) 12:01 am 1:01 am 2:01 am 3:01 am 4:01 am 5:01 am 6:01 am 10:01 am
End penumbral (P4) 1:04 am 2:04 am 3:04 am 4:04 am 5:04 am 6:04 am 7:04 am 11:04 am
(*) before midnight on Monday night, 20 December

Eclipse details

Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[11]

December 21, 2010 Lunar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Penumbral Magnitude 2.28215
Umbral Magnitude 1.25759
Gamma 0.32139
Sun Right Ascension 17h57m09.6s
Sun Declination -23°26'09.9"
Sun Semi-Diameter 16'15.5"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.9"
Moon Right Ascension 05h57m17.3s
Moon Declination +23°44'47.8"
Moon Semi-Diameter 15'52.1"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°58'14.3"
ΔT 66.4 s

Eclipse season

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of December 2010–January 2011
December 21
Descending node (full moon)
 January 4
Ascending node (new moon)
File:Lunar eclipse chart close-10dec21.png File:SE2011Jan04P.png
Total lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 125		 Partial solar eclipse
Solar Saros 151

Related eclipses

Eclipses in 2010

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Lunar Saros 125

Inex

Triad

Lunar eclipses of 2009–2013

Template:Lunar eclipse set 2009-2013

Metonic series

Template:Metonic lunar eclipse 1991-2048

Saros 125

Template:Lunar Saros series 125

Tritos series

Template:Lunar Tritos series January 2000

Inex series

Template:Lunar Inex series December 2010

Half-Saros cycle

A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[12] This lunar eclipse is related to two annular solar eclipses of Solar Saros 132.

December 14, 2001 December 26, 2019
File:SE2001Dec14A.png File:SE2019Dec26A.png

See also

Notes

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Template:LEplot2001 link
  9. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros

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External links

Template:Sister project

Template:Lunar eclipses

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