Daly languages

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The Daly languages are an areal group of four to five language families of Indigenous Australian languages.[1][2] They are spoken within the vicinity of the Daly River in the Northern Territory.

Classification

In the lexicostatistic classification of O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin, the Daly languages were put in four distinct families.[3] Darrell Tryon combined these into a single family, with the exception of Murrinh-patha.[4][5] However, such methodologies are less effective with languages with a long history of word borrowing.

Linguist Ian Green found that the languages could not be shown to be related by the comparative method, and so should be considered five independent families and language isolates.[6] The features they do share also tend to be shared with neighboring languages outside the Daly group.

The established families (according to Nordlinger) are:

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Malak-Malak and Wagaydyic were once considered grouped into a Northern Daly family. Contemporary classifications may use Northern Daly to refer to Malak-Malak to the exclusion of the Wagaydyic languages (as Nordlinger does).

Vocabulary

Capell (1940) lists the following basic vocabulary items for three Daly languages:[7]

gloss Mulluk Mulluk
(Northern Daly)		 Marithiel
(Western Daly)		 Nanggumiri
(Southern Daly)
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woman Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
head Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
eye Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
nose Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
mouth Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
tongue Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
stomach Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
bone Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
blood Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
kangaroo Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
possum Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
emu Script error: No such module "Lang".
crow Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
fly Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
sun Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
moon Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
fire Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
smoke Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
water Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ a b Green, I. "The Genetic Status of Murrinh-patha" in Evans, N., ed. "The Non-Pama-Nyungan Languages of Northern Australia: comparative studies of the continent’s most linguistically complex region". Studies in Language Change, 552. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, 2003.
  7. ↑ Capell, Arthur. 1940. The Classification of Languages in North and North-West Australia. Oceania 10(3): 241-272, 404-433. Script error: No such module "CS1 identifiers".

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External links

  • The Daly Languages website (dalylanguages.org) brings together analysis, field note sketches and recordings of these languages.

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