Cytinus
Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox
Cytinus is a genus of parasitic flowering plants. Species in this genus do not produce chlorophyll, but rely fully on its host plant. Cytinus usually parasitizes Cistus and Halimium, two genera of plants in the family Cistaceae. It has also been found on Ptilostemon chamaepeuce.
Several species are found in the Mediterranean Region, South Africa, with a possibly undescribed species from Madagascar.[1]
Biology
C. capensis and C. sanguineus are dioecious, while C. hypocistis is monoecious.[2]
C. hypocistis has been shown to infect mainly Halimium halimifolium and Cistus monspeliensis in Portugal.[3]
Systematics
The genus Cytinus was previously included in the parasitic family Rafflesiaceae, but is now put into the family Cytinaceae[2] (order Malvales), together with the genus Bdallophytum with four species.
Cytinus ruber is no longer considered a separate species, but is now a subspecies of C. hypocistis.
Uses
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The young C. hypocistis is cooked as an asparagus substitute and an extract has been used in herbal medicine for dysentery, throat tumors and as an astringent.[4] C. ruber is also edible and was used in folk medicine as an emmenagogue.[5]
Species
| Image | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| Cytinus baronii Baker f.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Madagascar. | |
| Cytinus capensis MarlothScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | South Africa | |
| Cytinus glandulosus Jum.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Madagascar. | |
| File:Cytinus hypocistis.001 - Monfrague.jpg | Cytinus hypocistis (L.) L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Mediterranean from Morocco to southern France and Turkey |
| Cytinus malagasicus Jum. & H.PerrierScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Madagascar. | |
| File:Cytinus ruber. Cistaceae, Cytinaceae - Flickr - gailhampshire (2).jpg | Cytinus ruber (Fourr.) FritschScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Mediterranean |
| File:Cytinus sanguineus 1DS-II 2-2365.jpg | Cytinus sanguineus (Thunb.) Fourc.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | South Africa |
| Cytinus visseri BurgoyneScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | South Africa |
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Footnotes
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- ↑ parasiticplants.siu.edu: Cytinaceae
- ↑ a b Nickrent et al. 2004
- ↑ Thorogood & Hiscock 2007
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ The University of Reading: Cytinus hypocistis Template:Webarchive
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References
- <templatestyles src="smallcaps/styles.css"/>Govaerts, R. & Nickrent, D.L. (2010): 658. Cytinus ruber Cytinaceae. Bot. Mag. 26(4): 314–321.
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Further reading
- <templatestyles src="smallcaps/styles.css"/>Burgoyne, P.M. (2006): A new species of Cytinus (Cytinaceae) from South Africa and Swaziland, with a key to the Southern African species. Novon 16(3): 315–319. Abstract Template:Webarchive