Copiapoa
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Copiapoa is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family Cactaceae, from the dry coastal deserts, particularly the Atacama Desert, of northern Chile.
Description
Copiapoa comprises 32 morphologically defined species and five heterotypic subspecies.[1] The species in this genus form dense cushions of hundreds of large, individual plants or produce only solitary plants. The shoots are spherical or elongated cylindrical. The spines, which are usually present, are variably shaped. On the apex, the species are usually densely woolly-haired. The ribs are clearly developed. These species vary in form from spherical to slightly columnar and in color from a brownish to blue-green bodies. They have warty ribs and spiny areoles, and they usually produce tubular yellow flowers, which grow from woolly crowns on the apex in summer. They are bell- to funnel-shaped and open during the day. The short, circular pericarp is glabrous. The flower tube is short and broad. The small, smooth fruits contain large, shiny, black seeds.[2]
Taxonomy
Pilocopiapoa F.Ritter has been brought into synonymy with this genus. Some authorities also include here the genus Blossfeldia.
Species
As of January 2023[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., Plants of the World Online accepted the following species.[3] In the list, they have been separated into sections.[4][5]
| Subgenus | Image | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pilocopiapoa (F.Ritter) Doweld—RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | File:Copiapoa solaris.jpg | Copiapoa solaris (F.Ritter) F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Antofagasta to NW. Atacama) |
| File:Copiapoa humilis australis.jpg | Copiapoa australis (Hoxey) Helmut Walter & LarridonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Atacama) | |
| Unplaced | File:Copiapoa laui 01.jpg | Copiapoa laui DiersScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Antofagasta to NW. Atacama) |
| Mammillopoa Helmut Walter & LarridonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | File:Copiapoa humilis pm.jpg | Copiapoa humilis (Phil.) HutchisonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Antofagasta). |
| Copiapoa sect. Cinerei | Copiapoa ahremephiana N.P.Taylor & G.J.CharlesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (W. & SW. Antofagasta). | |
| File:Copiapoa haseltoniana 6336.jpg | Copiapoa gigantea Backeb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Antofagasta to N. Atacama) | |
| File:Copiapoa cinerea 1.jpg | Copiapoa cinerea (Phil.) Britton & RoseScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Antofagasta to Atacama) | |
| Copiapoa sect. Copiapoa | Copiapoa angustiflora Helmut Walter, G.J.Charles & MächlerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (SW. Antofagasta) | |
| Copiapoa aphanes Mächler & Helmut WalterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (SW. Antofagasta) | ||
| File:Copiapoa atacamensis.jpg | Copiapoa atacamensis Middled.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Antofagasta to NW. Atacama) | |
| File:Copiapoa calderana 001.JPG | Copiapoa calderana F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Antofagasta to Atacama) | |
| File:Copiapoa cinerascens.jpg | Copiapoa cinerascens (Salm-Dyck) Britton & RoseScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (SW. Antofagasta to NW. Atacama). | |
| Copiapoa decorticans N.P.Taylor & G.J.CharlesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Antofagasta to Atacama) | ||
| Copiapoa desertorum F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Antofagasta to NW. Atacama) | ||
| File:Copiapoa esmeraldana pm.JPG | Copiapoa esmeraldana F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (SW. Antofagasta to NW. Atacama) | |
| File:Copiapoa grandiflora 2e.jpg | Copiapoa grandiflora F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (SW. Antofagasta to NW. Atacama). | |
| File:Copiapoa hypogaea pm.jpg | Copiapoa hypogaea F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (SW. Antofagasta to NW. Atacama). | |
| Copiapoa leonensis I.Schaub & KeimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Atacama). | ||
| Copiapoa longispina F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Atacama) | ||
| File:Copiapoa longistaminea.jpg | Copiapoa longistaminea F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile. | |
| File:Copiapoa marginata 03.jpg | Copiapoa marginata (Salm-Dyck) Britton & RoseScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (SW. Atacama to NW. Coquimbo) | |
| File:Copiapoa algarrobensis FK 530-IMG 7245.jpg | Copiapoa megarhiza Britton & RoseScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Atacama). | |
| File:Copiapoa mollicula ies.jpg | Copiapoa mollicula F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Atacama to NW. Coquimbo). | |
| File:Capiapoa.montana.7686.jpg | Copiapoa montana F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (SW. Antofagasta) | |
| File:Copiapoa rubriflora.jpg | Copiapoa rupestris F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Antofagasta). | |
| File:Copiapoa serpentisulcata.jpg | Copiapoa serpentisulcata F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (SW. Antofaga to NW. Atacama). | |
| File:Copiapoa taltalensis 2.jpg | Copiapoa taltalensis (Werderm.) LooserScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (SW. Antofagasta). | |
| Echinopoa DoweldScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | File:Copiapoa coquimbana.jpg | Copiapoa coquimbana (Karw. ex Rümpler) Britton & RoseScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (SW. Antofagasta to Coquimbo) |
| Copiapoa corralensis I.Schaub & KeimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Atacama) | ||
| File:Copiapoa bridgesii.jpg | Copiapoa echinoides (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Britton & RoseScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Atacama to NW. Coquimbo). | |
| Copiapoa fiedleriana (K.Schum.) Backeb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (SW. Antofagasta to NW. Coquimbo) | ||
| Copiapoa fusca I.Schaub & KeimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Atacama). | ||
| Copiapoa malletiana (Cels ex Salm-Dyck) Backeb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Atacama) | ||
| Copiapoa pendulina F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Coquimbo) | ||
| Copiapoa schulziana I.Schaub & KeimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Chile (Atacama). |
See also
- Copiapó (the largest city of the Atacama region)
- Pan de Azúcar National Park
References
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External links
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- From Caldera to Copiapo, a collection of images of various species
- Cactuspedia Copiapoa
- CactiGuide Copiapoa