Conirostrum

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Typical conebills belong to the tanager genus Conirostrum. They are small tanagers (9–14 cm) found in the forests of South America. They feed in pairs or small flocks by gleaning insects from foliage.

The genus consists of two rather distinct subgenera:[1] The first, Ateleodacnis, possibly deserving full generic status, is confined to lowland areas. They are mostly grey in colour and inhabit deciduous woodlands, mangroves or riverbank habitats. The second group, the nominate Conirostrum subgenus, inhabits the forests of the Andes. They are somewhat more colourful combining grey or blue backs with rufous underparts. Their thin bills led to them being formerly classified as wood-warblers or honeycreepers but genetic data places them in the tanager family Thraupidae.[2]

Taxonomy and species list

The genus Conirostrum was introduced in 1838 by the French naturalists Alcide d'Orbigny and Frédéric de Lafresnaye with the cinereous conebill (Conirostrum cinereum) as the type species.[3][4] The genus name combines the Latin conus meaning "cone" and rostrum meaning "bill".[5] There are now 11 species placed in the genus.[6]

Image Common name Scientific name Distribution
File:Conirostrum margaritae - Pearly-breasted conebill; Marchantaria island, Iranduba, Amazonas, Brazil.jpg Pearly-breasted conebill Conirostrum margaritae Brazil and Peru
File:Bicolored Conebill (Conirostrum bicolor).jpg Bicolored conebill Conirostrum bicolor Colombia, Venezuela and Trinidad south and east to the Guianas, northeast Peru and Brazil
File:Chestnut-vented Conebill female.jpg Chestnut-vented conebill Conirostrum speciosum Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela
File:White-eared Conebill (Conirostrum leucogenys) (8079767610).jpg White-eared conebill Conirostrum leucogenys Colombia, Panama, and Venezuela
File:Capped Conebill - Ecuador S4E4700 (22882391489).jpg Capped conebill Conirostrum albifrons Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela
File:Giant Conebill, Cajas, Ecuador (5771232969).jpg Giant conebill Conirostrum binghami (formerly Oreomanes fraseri) Colombia to Ecuador, and Peru to Bolivia
File:Conirostrum sitticolor - Conirrostro encapuchado - Blue-backed Conebill (8730321476).jpg Blue-backed conebill Conirostrum sitticolor Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
File:White-browed Conebill (Conirostrum ferrugineiventre).jpg White-browed conebill Conirostrum ferrugineiventre Bolivia and Peru
File:Tamarugo Conebill.jpg Tamarugo conebill Conirostrum tamarugense northern Chile and is a vagrant to southern Peru
File:Conirostrum rufum.jpg Rufous-browed conebill Conirostrum rufum Colombia and far western Venezuela
File:Cinereous Conebill RWD4.jpg Cinereous conebill Conirostrum cinereum Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

References

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  1. ↑ Ridgely & Tudor (1989), pp. 208–212, 222–224
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1". The copy available from BHL lacks the plates.
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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