Comparison of server-side web frameworks

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Template:Short description Template:ProgLangCompare This is a comparison of notable web frameworks, software used to build and deploy web applications. This article focuses on frameworks used for building the backend.

General

Basic information about each framework.

Systems listed on a light purple background are no longer in active development.

ASP.NET

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Template:Sort-under

Project Current stable version Release date License
Template:Rh| ASP.NET Dynamic Data
Template:Rh2| Base One Foundation Component Library (BFC) 7.51 2018-06-01 Proprietary
Template:Rh| Component-based Scalable Logical Architecture (CSLA) 4.11.2 2019-07-31[1] MIT
Template:Rh2| MonoRail 2.1 2011-03-17[2] Apache

C++

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Project Current stable version Release date License
Template:Rh2| CppCMS 1.2.1 2018-05-18[3] MIT
Template:Rh| Drogon 1.9.5 2024-06-08[4] MIT
Template:Rh| Poco Template:POCO C++ Libraries version Template:POCO C++ Libraries version Boost Software License
Template:Rh| Wt 4.10.4 2024-03-06[5] GPL, Proprietary

ColdFusion Markup Language (CFML)

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Project Current stable version Release date License
Template:Rh| ColdBox Platform Template:ColdBox Platform version Template:ColdBox Platform version Apache v2

Elixir

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Project Current stable version Release date License
Template:Rh|Phoenix Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT License

Haskell

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Project Current stable version Release date License
Template:Rh| Snap 1.1.3.2[6] 2023-07-19 BSD-3
Template:Rh| Yesod Template:Yesod (web framework) version Template:Yesod (web framework) version MIT License

Java

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Project Current stable version Release date License
Template:Rh2| Apache Click 2.3.0 2011-03-27 Apache 2.0
Template:Rh| Apache OFBiz Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago Apache 2.0
Template:Rh2| Apache Shale 1.0.4 2007-12-19 Apache
Template:Rh| Apache Sling 12 2022-03-18 Apache 2.0
Template:Rh| Apache Struts Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago Apache 2.0
Template:Rh| Apache Tapestry Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago Apache 2.0
Template:Rh| Apache Wicket Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago Apache 2.0
Template:Rh2| AppFuse 3.5.0 2015-02-20 Apache 2.0
Template:Rh| Eclipse Mojarra (Jakarta Faces RI) Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago CDDL, GNU GPL 2, Apache 2.0
Template:Rh| Eclipse RAP 4.1 2024-12-04 Eclipse
Template:Rh| Grails Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago Apache
Template:Rh| Google Web Toolkit 2.12.2 2025-03-03 Apache 2.0
Template:Rh2| JBoss Seam 3.1.0 final 2012-01-13 GNU LGPL
Template:Rh| JWt Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago GPL, Proprietary
Template:Rh| Netty Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago Apache License 2.0
Template:Rh2| OpenLaszlo 4.9.0 2010-10-21 CPL
Template:Rh| Oracle ADF 12.2.1.4 2019-10-09 Oracle Technology Network Developer License
Template:Rh| Play Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago Apache 2.0
Template:Rh| Spring Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago Apache 2.0
Template:Rh2| Stripes 1.6.0 2015-07-23 Apache
Template:Rh| Vaadin Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago Apache 2.0
Template:Rh| Wavemaker 11.6.0[7] 2024-03-03 Apache
Template:Rh2| WebObjects 5.4.3 2008-09-15 Proprietary

JavaScript

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Project Current stable version Release date License
Template:Rh class="table-rh" |Express.js Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT License
Template:Rh class="table-rh" |Fastify Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT License
Template:Rh class="table-rh" |Meteor Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT License
Template:Rh|NestJS Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT License
Template:Rh|Next.js Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT License
Template:Rh|Nuxt.js Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT License
Template:Rh class="table-rh" |Remix Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT License
Template:Rh class="table-rh" |Sails.js Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT License
Template:Rh class="table-rh" |SvelteKit Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT License

Perl

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Project Current stable version Release date License
Template:Rh2| Catalyst Template:Catalyst (software) version Template:Catalyst (software) version Artistic, GPL
Template:Rh| Dancer Template:Dancer (software) version Template:Dancer (software) version Artistic, GPL
Template:Rh2| Maypole 2.13 2008-04-18 Artistic, GPL
Template:Rh| Mojolicious Template:Mojolicious version Template:Mojolicious version Artistic

PHP

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Project Start date Current stable version Release date License
Template:Rh| CakePHP 2005-08 Template:CakePHP version Template:CakePHP version MIT
Template:Rh| CodeIgniter 2006-02-28 Template:CodeIgniter version Template:CodeIgniter version MIT
Template:Rh| Fat-Free 2009-09 Template:Fat-Free Framework version Template:Fat-Free Framework version GPLv3
Template:Rh| FuelPHP 2011-08 Template:FuelPHP version Template:FuelPHP version MIT
Template:Rh| Gyroscope 2008-11-20 20.4[8] 2023-11-24 BSD
Template:Rh| Jamroom 2003-07-28 Template:Jamroom version Template:Jamroom version MPL
Template:Rh2| Kajona 2006 6.2[9] 2017-06-08 LGPLv2
Template:Rh| Laminas (formerly Zend Framework) 2006-03 3.8.0[10] 2024-11-21 New BSD
Template:Rh| Laravel 2011-07-31 Template:Laravel version Template:Laravel version MIT
Template:Rh| Li3 (Lithium) 2009-10 Template:Li3 (software) version Template:Li3 (software) version BSD
Template:Rh| Phalcon 2012-11-14 5.8.0[11] 2024-07-09 BSD
Template:Rh| Pop PHP 2012-03-19 5.5.0[12] 2025-02-12 BSD Licence
Template:Rh| PRADO 2004-01 Template:PRADO (framework) version Template:PRADO (framework) version New BSD[13]
Template:Rh| SilverStripe 2007-02-03 Template:SilverStripe version Template:SilverStripe version BSD
Template:Rh| Smart.Framework 2015-02-01 Template:Smart Framework PHP version Template:Smart Framework PHP version BSD
Template:Rh| Symfony 2005-10 Template:Symfony version Template:Symfony version MIT
Template:Rh| Yii 2008-12-03 Template:Yii version Template:Yii version New BSD

Python

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Project Current stable version Release date License
Template:Rh2| BlueBream Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago ZPL
Template:Rh| CherryPy Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago BSD
Template:Rh| CubicWeb Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago LGPL
Template:Rh| Django Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago BSD
Template:Rh| FastAPI Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT
Template:Rh| Flask Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago BSD
Template:Rh| Google App Engine Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago LGPL, Proprietary
Template:Rh2| Grok Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago ZPL
Template:Rh| Gunicorn Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT
Template:Rh| Jam.py Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago BSD
Template:Rh2| Pyjs Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago Apache
Template:Rh2| Pylons Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago BSD
Template:Rh| Pyramid Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago BSD
Template:Rh| Tornado Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago Apache
Template:Rh2| TurboGears Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT, LGPL
Template:Rh| web2py Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago LGPL3
Template:Rh| Zope 2 Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago ZPL

Ruby

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Project Current stable version Release date License
Template:Rh| Padrino 0.14.4 2019-01-14[14] MIT
Template:Rh| Ruby on Rails Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT
Template:Rh| Sinatra Template:Wikidata Template:Wikidata; Template:Time ago MIT

Scala

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Project Current stable version Release date License
Template:Rh class="table-rh" |Lift 3.4.3 2020-11-28 Apache 2.0
Template:Rh| Play 2.8.8 2021-04-08 Apache 2.0
Template:Rh| Scalatra 2.8.1 2021-09-25 BSD

Others

Project Language Current stable version Release date License
Template:Rh2| AIDA/Web Smalltalk 6.7 2014-09-14 MIT
Template:Rh| Oracle APEX PL/SQL 22.2 2022-11-10 Proprietary freeware
Template:Rh| Flex ActionScript, MXML 4.16.1 2019-11-23 Apache
Template:Rh| Grails Groovy (JVM) 6.2.2[15] 2024-11-20 Apache
Template:Rh2| Morfik C#, BASIC, Pascal, Java 3.0.8.1 2010-12-13 Proprietary freeware
Template:Rh2| Opa Opa 1.1.1 2013-04-16[16] MIT and AGPL
Template:Rh| OpenACS Tcl 5.10.1[17] 2024-09-03 GPL
Template:Rh| Seaside Smalltalk 3.5.9[18] 2024-10-20 MIT

Comparison of features

C++

Project Ajax MVC framework MVC push-pull i18n & L10n? ORM Testing framework(s) DB migration framework(s) Security framework(s) Template framework(s) Caching framework(s) Form validation framework(s)
Template:Rh| CppCMS Yes Yes Push Yes CppDB No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Wt Yes Yes Push & Pull Yes Wt::Dbo Boost.test Yes Yes No Yes

ColdFusion Markup Language (CFML)

Project Ajax MVC framework MVC push-pull i18n & L10n? ORM Testing framework(s) DB migration framework(s) Security framework(s) Template framework(s) Caching framework(s) Form validation framework(s)
Template:Rh| ColdBox Platform Yes Yes Push-pull Yes Quick & cbORM Yes via TestBox Yes Yes CFML Yes Yes

Java

Project Language Ajax MVC framework MVC push-pull i18n & L10n? ORM Testing framework(s) DB migration framework(s) Security framework(s) Template framework(s) Caching framework(s) Form validation framework(s)
Template:Rh| Apache Click Java jQuery Page oriented Pull Yes Hibernate, Cayenne Yes pluggable Velocity, JSP Cached templates Built-in validation
Template:Rh| Apache OFBiz Java, Groovy, XML, jQuery Yes Push-pull Yes Entity Engine (Internal kind of ORM, not really ORM, notably used by Atlassian Jira) JUnit Entity Engine Tools, Data File Tool, CSV Parser, Apache POI Internal Security framework based on OWASP Freemarker (Recommended), Velocity (Support Available), JSP (Support Available) Internal Cache Maintenance with Distributed Cache Clearing for clusters Server side validation, Client Side Validation (JQuery)
Template:Rh| Apache Sling Java Yes Yes Push-pull Uses JCR content repository Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Apache Struts Java Yes Yes Push-pull Yes Yes Unit tests Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Apache Tapestry Java Prototype, jQuery Yes Pull Yes JPA, Hibernate, Cayenne Selenium, TestNG, JUnit Spring Security, Shiro Yes with extensions Native or Bean Validation
Template:Rh| Apache Wicket Java Extensions for YUI, ExtJS, more No (Modular event-driven) Pull Yes with extensions Mock objects, unit and integration tests via extension Yes Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Grails Groovy Yes Yes Push Yes GORM, Hibernate Unit tests, integration test, functional test multiple plugins: autobase, dbmigrate, more Spring Security,[19] Apache Shiro[20] Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| JavaServer Faces Java Yes Yes Pull Yes JPA, Hibernate and any other Java EE ORM framework JUnit Yes Facelets, JSP Yes Native validators, integration with Bean Validation
Project Language Ajax MVC framework MVC push-pull i18n & L10n? ORM Testing framework(s) DB migration framework(s) Security framework(s) Template framework(s) Caching framework(s) Form validation framework(s)
Template:Rh| JBoss Seam Java Yes Yes Pull Yes JPA, Hibernate JUnit, TestNG JAAS integration, Drools, Hibernate Filters, OpenID, CAPTCHA Facelets JBoss Cache, Ehcache Hibernate Validator
Template:Rh| JWt Java Yes Yes Push-pull Yes Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Play Java, Scala Yes Yes Push-pull Yes JPA, Hibernate JUnit, Selenium Yes via Core Security module Yes Yes Server-side validation
Template:Rh| Spring Java Yes Yes Push Yes Hibernate, iBatis, more Mock objects, unit tests Spring Security (formerly Acegi) JSP, Commons Tiles, Velocity, Thymeleaf, more Ehcache, more Commons validator, Bean Validation
Template:Rh| Stripes Java Yes Yes Pull Yes JPA, Hibernate Yes framework extension Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Vaadin Java GWT Push-pull Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Wavemaker JavaScript (client), Java (server) Dojo Toolkit Yes Push Dojo Toolkit Hibernate JUnit Hibernate Spring Security (formerly Acegi), role-based access control Dojo Toolkit Dojo Toolkit Regular expression, schema-driven validation
Project Language Ajax MVC framework MVC push-pull i18n & L10n? ORM Testing framework(s) DB migration framework(s) Security framework(s) Template framework(s) Caching framework(s) Form validation framework(s)
Template:Rh| WebObjects Java Yes Yes Push-pull Yes EOF WOUnit (JUnit), TestNG, Selenium in Project WONDER Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh class="table-rh" |Google Web Toolkit Java, JavaScript Yes Yes JPA with RequestFactory JUnit (too early), jsUnit (too difficult), Selenium (best) via Java Yes Bean Validation
Template:Rh class="table-rh" |ZK Java, ZUML jQuery Yes Push-pull Yes any J2EE ORM framework JUnit, ZATS HibernateUtil, SpringUtil Spring Security Macro components & composition Yes client, server

JavaScript

Project Ajax MVC framework MVC push-pull i18n & L10n? ORM Testing framework(s) DB migration framework(s) Security framework(s) Template framework(s) Caching framework(s) Form validation framework(s)
Template:Rh| AngularJS XHR, JSONP Yes i18n and l10n Karma (unit testing), Protractor (end-to-end testing) Content Security Policy (CSP), XSRF Templates Caching Form validation (client-side)
Template:Rh| EmberJS Yes Yes Yes Ember Data QUnit Handlebars
Template:Rh| qooxdoo Yes Data binding i18n Testrunner Form Validation
Template:Rh| SproutCore Yes Yes

Perl

Project Ajax MVC framework MVC push-pull i18n & L10n? ORM Testing framework(s) DB migration framework(s) Security framework(s) Template framework(s) Caching framework(s) Form validation framework(s)
Template:Rh| Catalyst Toolkit-independent (REST & JSON support, specific plugins for Prototype JavaScript Framework, more) Yes Push in its most common usage Yes Class, Rose::DB::Object, more Supports Perl testing standards, Test Anything Protocol (TAP) ? ACL-based, external engines, more Template::Toolkit, HTML::Template, HTML::Mason, PHP and any extant Perl template engine Cache, Memcached, shared memory, more HTML::FormHandler HTML::FormFu, HTML::FormValidator, more
Template:Rh| Dancer Yes Yes Push Yes DBIx::Class, ORMesque Yes ? ? Template::Toolkit, HTML::Mason, Text::MicroTemplate, any extant Perl template engine Cache, Memcached, shared memory, more DataFu, any extant Perl form validation software
Template:Rh| Maypole ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Template:Rh| Mojolicious Toolkit-independent (REST & JSON support) No explicit model support though commonly used as MVC Push Yes Commonly used with DBIx::Class Test::Mojo ? Signed session cookie Built-in Perl templating, Template::Toolkit and several others via plugins ? Not explicitly, use any Perl Modules

PHP

Project PHP version Ajax MVC framework MVC push-pull i18n & L10n? ORM Testing framework(s) DB migration framework(s) Security framework(s) Template framework(s) Caching framework(s) Form validation framework(s) Scaffolding RAD Mobility
Template:Rh| CakePHP ≥ 7.4[21] Any Yes Yes, Push & Cells Yes ORM, Data Mapper Pattern, SQL Relational Algebra Abstraction Layer Unit tests, object mocking, fixtures, code coverage, memory analysis with PHPUnit and Xdebug and Continuous Integration via Travis Yes CRUD based, ACL-based, Multiple Plugins Themes, Layouts, Cells, Views, Elements, Plugins for Twig, Bootstrap, etc. Memcache, Redis, XCache, APC, File Validation via Contexts (Table (DAO), Entity (VO) & Controller), CSRF Protection Plugin CRUD Cake Bake Mobile Agent Detection, Layouts
Template:Rh| CodeIgniter ≥ 8.1[22] Any Yes Push Mostly[23] Third party only Ready for next release, Unit tests for v.4 and up Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No[24] Yes Templates
Template:Rh| Fat-Free Framework ≥ 5.4[25] Any MVC, RMR Push-pull Yes Data mappers for SQL, MongoDB, Flat-File Built-in Yes Yes Yes APC, Memcache, XCache, WinCache, and Filesystem Yes No ? ?
Template:Rh| FuelPHP ≥ 5.3.3[26] Yes MVC, HMVC Push Yes Yes PHPUnit Yes Yes, Plugins available Yes, Plugins available File, Redis, Memcache, more Yes Yes ? ?
Template:Rh| Gyroscope ≥ 5.4 nano.js, replaceable[27] LCHH Push-pull Mostly Data-source agnostic No Built-in Schema comparison tool and UDF editor ACL-based, replaceable Implementation-specific; helper functions and theme templates available APC, Memcache Yes Interactive code generator Yes Dedicated mobile and tablet layouts, landscape-portrait transformation
Template:Rh2|Kajona ≥ 7[28] Any Yes Push Yes Yes PHPUnit, Selenium, Jasmine Yes Yes Yes APC, Database, File Yes Yes Yes Bootstrap
Template:Rh| Laminas (formerly Zend Framework) ≥ 7.3[29] Toolkit-independent Yes Push-pull Yes Table and row data gateway or Doctrine Unit tests, PHP Unit or other independent Yes ACL-based Yes APC, Database, File, Memcache, Zend Platform Yes Yes ? ?
Template:Rh|Laravel ≥ 8.0[30] Any Yes Push Yes Eloquent PHPUnit Yes Yes Yes APC, Database, File, Memcache, Redis Yes Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Li3 (Lithium) ≥ 5.3.6 Any Yes Push Yes Yes Unit tests, builtin test framework or other independent No Yes, Plugins available PHP, Twig Plugin available Memcache, Redis, XCache, APC, File Yes, with CSRF Protection and Form Signing No Yes ?
Template:Rh| Phalcon ≥ 8.0[31] Any Yes Push Yes Yes Codeception PHPUnit Yes Yes Volt, PHP APC, Memcache, Memory, Redis, Redis Cluster, File Yes Yes Yes ?
Template:Rh|Pop PHP ≥ 8.2 Any Yes Push Yes Yes PHPUnit with CI via GitHub Actions Yes ACL-based Yes APC, Database, File, Memcache, Redis, Session Yes Yes Yes ?
Template:Rh| PRADO ≥ 7.3[32] Prototype, script.aculo.us, own components[33] No Push-pull Yes Data access objects (DAO), active record pattern, SQLMap data mapper PHPUnit, SimpleTest, Selenium No Yes XML-based, similar to ASP.NETs[33] APC, Database, eAccelerator, Memcached, XCache Yes[33] Yes[33] ? ?
Template:Rh| SilverStripe (Sapphire) ≥ 7.1[34] jQuery, jQuery UI Yes Push-pull Yes Active record pattern Unit tests, Selenium Automatic incl. OpenID Themes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh2| Silex ≥ 5.3.9 Yes Yes Yes Yes Plugin exists (Doctrine) Yes No Yes PHP, Twig Plugin exists Yes Plugin exists ? ?
Template:Rh| Smart.Framework ≥ 7.3[35] Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes (PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite, MongoDB, Solr, others via plugins) Yes No Yes Yes (Markers, Twig, others via plugins) Yes (File, Redis, others via plugins) Yes No Yes Yes, (jQuery mobile, Bootstrap, others via plugins)
Template:Rh| Symfony ≥ 8.1[36] Prototype, script.aculo.us, Unobtrusive Ajax with UJS and PJS plugins Yes Push Yes Propel, Doctrine (YAML) Yes Plugin exists (alpha code) Plugin PHP, Twig Yes Yes Yes ? ?
Template:Rh| TYPO3 ≥ 7.2[37] Any Yes Push-pull Yes Yes Yes Partial Yes TYPO3 Fluid Yes Yes Plugin exists Plugin exists ?
Template:Rh| Yii ≥ 5.4[38] jQuery, jQuery UI, own components, plugins Yes Push-pull Yes Data Access Objects (DAO), Active Record Pattern, Plugins (incl. Doctrine 2.0) PHPUnit, Selenium Yes ACL-based, RBAC-based, plugins PHP-based, PRADO-like, plugins APC, Database, eAccelerator, File, Memcache, Redis, WinCache, XCache, Zend Platform Yes Yes[39] ? ?

Python

Project Language Ajax MVC framework MVC push-pull i18n & L10n? ORM Testing framework(s) DB migration framework(s) Security framework(s) Template framework(s) Caching framework(s) Form validation framework(s) Python 3.*
Template:Rh| CherryPy Python Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Template:Sdash pluggable Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Template:Sdash pluggable Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Yes
Template:Rh| Django Python Yes Yes Push Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes built-in, Jinja2, Mako, Cheetah Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| FastAPI Python Yes Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Template:Sdash ORM-agnostic via pytest depends on ORM Yes Jinja2 Template:Sdash Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Flask Python Yes Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Yes ORM-agnostic via unittest depends on ORM Yes Jinja2 Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Jam.py Python, JavaScript Yes Event driven Yes Yes Yes via pytest and mocha Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Pyjs Python, JavaScript Yes Use PureMVC Python version (compiled to JavaScript) Yes ??, no direct data access No No
Template:Rh| Pylons Python helpers for Prototype and script.aculo.us controller Push Yes ORM-agnostic via nose depends on ORM pluggable: Mako, Genshi, Myghty, Kid, more native: pluggable: Redis, Beaker (memory, memcached, file, databases) preferred formencode No
Template:Rh| Pyramid Python Yes Yes Push Yes ORM-agnostic Yes depends on ORM Yes pluggable: Jinja2, Chameleon, Mako, Genshi, more default: native session factory. pluggable: Redis, PyNaCl, Beaker (memory, memcached, file, databases), more deform, formencode, WTForms, more Yes
Template:Rh| TACTIC Python Yes Yes Pull No Yes Yes Yes Yes Mako No Yes No
Template:Rh| Tornado Python See Advanced Async Example implements AJAX Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Template:Sdash Yes
Template:Rh| TurboGears Python Toolkit-independent, provides support via JSON Full stack, best-of-breed based Push Yes SQLAlchemy nose SQLAlchemy-Migrate Repoze.what & Repoze.who pluggable: Genshi, more Support for memcached, and any WSGI compliant system ToscaWidgets, utilizing FormEncode Yes
Template:Rh| web2py Python Yes Yes Push Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes[40]
Template:Rh| BlueBream (Zope 3) Python via add-on products, e.g. Plone w/KSS Yes Pull Yes ZODB, SQLObject, SQLAlchemy Unit tests, functional tests ZODB generations ACL-based Yes Yes Yes No
Template:Rh| Zope 2 Python Yes Pull Yes ZODB, SQLObject, SQLAlchemy Unit tests ACL-based Yes Yes CMFFormController No

Ruby

Project Ajax MVC framework MVC push-pull i18n & L10n? ORM Testing framework(s) DB migration framework(s) Security framework(s) Template framework(s) Caching framework(s) Form validation framework(s)
Template:Rh| Ruby on Rails Prototype, script.aculo.us, jQuery ActiveRecord, Action Pack Push Yes ActiveRecord Unit Tests, Functional Tests and Integration Tests Yes Plug-in Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Sinatra No Yes Push No ORM-independent rack-test Yes through Rack middleware Yes through Rack middleware No

Others

Project Language Ajax MVC framework MVC push-pull i18n & L10n? ORM Testing framework(s) DB migration framework(s) Security framework(s) Template framework(s) Caching framework(s) Form validation framework(s)
Template:Rh| AIDA/Web Smalltalk Yes Yes Yes Gemstone/S, GLORP, more SUnit Yes Yes
Template:Rh|Application Express PL/SQL Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Flex ActionScript, MXML Not by name but similar technology[41] FlexUnit
Template:Rh| Lift Scala Yes Yes Pull Yes Yes ScalaTest, Selenium[42] Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Opa Opa Yes Yes MongoDB Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| OpenACS Tcl Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Template:Rh| Seaside Smalltalk jQuery, jQuery UI, Prototype JavaScript Framework, script.aculo.us, more Yes Yes GLORP, Gemstone/S, more Unit tests, SUnit No, intentionally Magritte
Project Language Ajax MVC framework MVC push-pull i18n & L10n? ORM Testing framework(s) DB migration framework(s) Security framework(s) Template framework(s) Caching framework(s) Form validation framework(s)

See also

Script error: No such module "Portal". Lists of frameworks for frontend development:

Other:

References

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  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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