Communist Party of Luxembourg

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Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates

Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Communist Parties The Communist Party of Luxembourg (Template:Langx; Template:Langx; Template:Langx; KPL or PCL) is a communist party in Luxembourg. Template:Ill is the current chairman of the party.[1]

History

The KPL was founded on 2 January 1921, in the town of Niederkorn, making it one of the oldest parties in Luxembourg. In 1937, the Bech government attempted to introduce the so-called Maulkuerfgesetz ("Muzzle law") which would have banned the party. The law was abandoned after failing to achieve popular support in a national referendum.

Following the end of the Second World War, the party, which won 11.1% in the legislative elections, joined the National Union Government (1945–47). Its first minister was Charles Marx. After Marx's death in a 1946 car accident, he was replaced by Dominique Urbany. After the death of the leader of the LSAP, the coalition collapsed. With the principle of an all-inclusive government gone, the KPL was excluded from the next government and never returned another member to the cabinet.

In 1964, the United States State Department estimated the party membership to be approximately 500.[2] In legislative elections held in the same year, the party registered 10.4% of the vote, and won five of the Chamber of Deputies' 56 seats. The party's representation in the Chamber peaked at the following election, with six deputies, but fell, until the KPL lost its last remaining deputy in 1994. In the same year a minority opposing the Marxist-Leninist line of the party split and founded the New Left (Template:Langx together with the rest of the Revolutionary Socialist Party (Template:Langx).

In 1999, the KPL and the New Left agreed to found The Left (Template:Langx). The Left had members of both parties and independents. Accordingly, KPL members ran on The Left lists in the 1999 and 2000 elections and no separate KPL lists existed. After disputes between a majority within the Left and leading KPL members shortly before the 2004 elections the party again ran separate lists. A number of the Left members were subsequently expelled from the KPL.

The KPL is represented locally on the councils of Differdange and Rumelange. In Rumelange, it is part of the ruling coalition together with the LSAP.[3]Template:Update inline

Election results

Chamber of Deputies

Year Votes % Elected seats Seats after +/– Government
1922Template:Efn 6,976 1.0 (#5) Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar New Extra-parliamentary
1925 15,443 0.9 (#11) Template:Composition bar Steady 0 Extra-parliamentary
1928Template:Efn Did not participate Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Steady 0 Extra-parliamentary
1931Template:Efn 6,264 0.7 (#8) Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Steady 0 Extra-parliamentary
1934Template:Efn 70,940 5.2 (#4) Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Increase 1 Opposition
1937Template:Efn Did not participate Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Decrease 1 Extra-parliamentary
1945 295,701 11.1 (#4) Template:Composition bar Increase 5 Coalition
1948Template:Efn 195,956 14.3 (#3) Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Steady 0 Opposition
1951Template:Efn 35,662 3.2 (#4) Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Decrease 1 Opposition
1954 211,171 7.3 (#4) Template:Composition bar Decrease 1 Opposition
1959 220,425 7.2 (#4) Template:Composition bar Steady 0 Opposition
1964 330,909 10.4 (#3) Template:Composition bar Increase 2 Opposition
1968 402,610 13.1 (#4) Template:Composition bar Increase 1 Opposition
1974 314,635 8.8 (#4) Template:Composition bar Decrease 1 Opposition
1979 177,286 4.9 (#5) Template:Composition bar Decrease 3 Opposition
1984 165,960 4.4 (#5) Template:Composition bar Steady 0 Opposition
1989 157,608 4.4 (#5) Template:Composition bar Decrease 1 Opposition
1994 57,646 1.7 (#7) Template:Composition bar Decrease 1 Extra-parliamentary
1999Template:Efn 110,274 3.3 (#6) Template:Composition bar Increase 1 Opposition
2004 35,524 0.9 (#7) Template:Composition bar Decrease 1 Extra-parliamentary
2009 49,108 1.4 (#7) Template:Composition bar Steady 0 Extra-parliamentary
2013 53,669 1.6 (#8) Template:Composition bar Steady 0 Extra-parliamentary
2018 44,916 1.3 (#8) Template:Composition bar Steady 0 Extra-parliamentary
2023 24,275 0.6 (#10) Template:Composition bar Steady 0 Extra-parliamentary

Template:Notelist

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European Parliament

Election List leader Votes % Seats +/– EP Group
1979 René Urbany 48,813 5.01 (#5) Template:Composition bar New –
1984 40,395 4.08 (#5) Template:Composition bar Steady 0
1989 46,791 4.71 (#5) Template:Composition bar Steady 0
1994 Aloyse Bisdorff 16,559 1.63 (#7) Template:Composition bar Steady 0
1999 Did not contest Template:Composition bar Steady 0
2004 Zénon Bernard 12,800 1.17 (#7) Template:Composition bar Steady 0
2009 Ali Ruckert 17,304 1.54 (#7) Template:Composition bar Steady 0
2014 17,506 1.49 (#0) Template:Composition bar Steady 0
2019 14,323 1.14 (#9) Template:Composition bar Steady 0
2024 13,368 0.97 (#10) Template:Composition bar Steady 0

Footnotes

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References and further reading

  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Ruckert, Ali, Geschichte der Kommunistischen Partei Luxemburgs, Teil I: 1921-1946, Esch-sur-Alzette 2006 Template:Catalog lookup link
  • Ruckert, Ali, Geschichte der Kommunistischen Partei Luxemburgs, Teil II: 1947-1954, Esch-sur-Alzette 2007 Template:Catalog lookup link
  • Ruckert, Ali, Geschichte der Kommunistischen Partei Luxemburgs, Teil III: 1955-1960, Esch-sur-Alzette 2010 Template:Catalog lookup link
  • Wehenkel, Henri, "Communisme et postcommunisme au Luxembourg", in: Communisme 2014, 1989-2014 - L'éternel retour des communistes, p. 165-172
  • Wehenkel, Henri, "Die Kommunistische Partei Luxemburgs. Aufstieg und Fall einer Partei" in: Moreau, Patrick/Marc Lazar/Gerhard Hirscher (eds.), Der Kommunismus in Westeuropa, Niedergang oder Mutation?, Landsberg/Lech, 1998, p. 477-497
  • Wehenkel, Henri/ Foetz, Guy/Hoffmann, André, 1921-1981. Beiträge zur Geschichte der Kommunistischen Partei Luxemburgs, Luxembourg 1981
  • Wehenkel, Henri/Redondo, Jean-Laurent/Hoffmann, André/Urbany, Serge, "Table ronde: PCL et/ou nouvelle gauche: renouvellement et/ou scission", in: Cahiers Marxistes, No. 201, April–May 1996, p. 121-144 Template:Catalog lookup linkScript error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".

External links

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  • Zeitung vum Lëtzebuerger Vollek, newspaper aligned with the Communist Party of Luxembourg

Template:Luxembourgian political parties Template:Authority control

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