Collema
Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox
Collema (jelly lichen) is a genus of lichens in the family Collemataceae.[1] The photobiont is the cyanobacterium genus Nostoc.[2] Species in this genus typically grow on nutrient-rich bark or somewhat siliceous or calcareous rocks in humid environments.[3]
Description
Collema lichens are characterized by their medium to large size, with a diameter of Script error: No such module "convert".. They have a leaf-like, membranous structure that does not swell noticeably when wet. The upper surface of the thallus is dark olive-green to brown-black and is not hairy. The Template:Lichengloss are 2 to 15 mm broad, rounded, and usually flat or partially raised, with smooth or Template:Lichengloss surfaces adorned with elongated ridges or folds.[3]
Both upper and lower Template:Lichengloss are absent in Collema, and the photobiont Nostoc forms chains of cells throughout the thallus without creating a separate Template:Lichengloss. Isidia can be present or absent, while soredia are not found in this genus. The reproductive structures, known as apothecia, have a pale brown to red-brown Template:Lichengloss that can be flat or convex. The Template:Lichengloss is whole and sometimes displays isidia.[3]
The Template:Lichengloss consists of cells that can be either uniformly sized or elongated. The Template:Lichengloss is indistinct and can be colourless or pigmented, while the hymenium is colorless and turns blue when treated with iodine. A more or less colourless Template:Lichengloss is also present. The Template:Lichengloss comprises paraphyses that separate in a solution of potassium hydroxide and may be unbranched or branched, often connecting near their tips, which can be club-shaped or round and exhibit a yellowish to reddish-brown hue.[3]
The asci are club-shaped (clavate) with a strongly thickened apex, and both the Template:Lichengloss and the downwardly projecting annulus and apical cap react blue to iodine. Each ascus produces eight spores that are narrowly ellipsoidal to spindle-shaped or nearly cylindrical with transverse septa. Template:Lichengloss, or Template:Lichengloss, are immersed within the thallus and can be located on the margins or lamina with a pale ostiole. The Template:Lichengloss are rod-shaped with a slightly enlarged apex. No lichen products have been detected in Collema using thin-layer chromatography.[3]
Species
since April 2023[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts 24 species of Collema.[1]
- Collema actinoptychum Nyl. (1868)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[4]
- Collema coniophilum Goward (2009)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[5] – Canada
- Collema flaccidum (Ach.) Ach. (1810)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Collema furfuraceum (Schaer.) Du Rietz (1929)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Collema glaucophthalmum Nyl. (1858)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[6]
- Collema glebulentum (Nyl. ex Cromb.) Degel. (1952)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Collema implicatum Nyl. (1863)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[7]
- Collema insulare Degel. (1974)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Collema japonicum (Müll.Arg.) Hue (1898)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Collema laeve Hook.f. & Taylor (1844)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Collema leptaleum Tuck. (1866)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[8]
- Collema leucocarpum Hook.f. & Taylor (1844)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Collema marginale (Huds.) Hoffm. (1794)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Collema nigrescens (Huds.) DC. (1805)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Collema pulcellum Ach. (1814)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Collema pustulatum Ach. (1814)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Collema rugosum Kremp. (1870)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Collema ryssoleum (Tuck.) A.Schneid. (1872)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Collema sichuanense H.J.Liu & J.C.Wei (2003))Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[9] – China
- Collema subconveniens Nyl. (1888)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Collema subflaccidum Degel. (1974)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[10]
- Collema subnigrescens Degel. (1954)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[11]
- Collema substipitatum Zahlbr. (1930)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
References
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- ↑ a b Template:Catalogue of Life
- ↑ Dobson, F.S. (2000) Lichens, an illustrated guide to the British and Irish species. 4th edition. Richmond publishing Co., Slough, England.
- ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1". Template:Open access
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