Climate of Colombia
The climate of Colombia is characterized for being tropical and isothermal as a result of its geographical location near the Equator presenting variations within five natural regions and depending on the altitude, temperature, humidity, winds and rainfall. Each region maintains an average temperature throughout the year only presenting variables determined by precipitation during a rainy season caused by the Intertropical Convergence Zone.[1][2]
Climate zones
The climates in Colombia are characterized for having tropical rainforests, savannas, steppes, deserts and mountain climate,[3] mountain climate further divided into tierra caliente (hot land) tierra templada (temperate land) tierra fría (cold land), tierra helada (frozen land) and Páramo.[4] Sometimes the weather of Colombia is altered by the seasons in northern hemisphere, for example, from March to June, the weather is mild Spring, from June to August the weather is hot Summer, From September to December the weather is cool Autumn, and from December to March the weather is cold Winter. This happens very rarely, and it is usually a slight difference.
Tropical rainforest
The tropical rainforest climate is characterized by hot and high humidity climate along with heavy rainfall mostly present in the jungles of the Catatumbo, the Amazon river basin the central region of the Magdalena River, the Pacific coast, the paru and others.
Tropical savanna
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Steppe
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Tropical desert
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Tropical mountain climate
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Mountain climate is one of the unique features of the Andes, the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and other high altitude reliefs where climate is determined by elevation. (Template:Langx), a classification used in some countries but with variations in the classification of each floor.[5]
- Warm climate altitudinal zone
The warm altitudinal zone oscillates between sea level and Script error: No such module "convert". above sea level with a temperature over Script error: No such module "convert".. Climate in this step is characterized for its similarities with the equatorial and tropical plains, heavy rains and high temperatures. Temperatures can reach over Script error: No such module "convert". as it is the case of the Magdalena river valley, which has many areas with jungles. This altitudinal zone is present in the cities like Santa Marta, Neiva, Cali, and Cúcuta.
- Temperate climate altitudinal zone
Between Script error: No such module "convert". above sea level the temperature drops oscillating between Script error: No such module "convert". defining it as a temperate climate. Rainfall becomes variable at Script error: No such module "convert". above sea level and rains between Script error: No such module "convert". . This climate is a characteristic in the cities like Pereira, Armenia, Ibagué, Popayán, and Medellín.
- Cold climate altitudinal zone
The cold climate is present between Script error: No such module "convert". above sea level and is characterized for having Andean or cloud forests. This altitudinal zone is characterized for presenting an average temperature ranging between Script error: No such module "convert". while rainfall reaches a yearly average of Script error: No such module "convert".. The Colombian capital city Bogotá is located in this altitudinal zone. Other cities, like San Juan de Pasto and Tunja, are in this location.
- Páramo climate altitudinal zone
The Páramo climate is present between Script error: No such module "convert". above sea level and the temperature is lower than Script error: No such module "convert". with icy winds, rare rainfall but frequent snowfall. Colombia has one of the largest páramo areas in the world; the Sumapaz Páramo located in central Colombia, over the Andean Cordillera Oriental branch. In Colombia, páramos are further classified as subpáramo, páramo and superpáramo. Most of the rivers in Colombia are born here since páramos tend to hold water from precipitations and deglaciations coming from the peaks.[6]
- Glacial climate altitudinal zone
The glaciers in Colombia are located at Script error: No such module "convert". above sea level and up and with average temperatures ranging between Script error: No such module "convert". and less. Glaciers in Colombia began retreating in the 20th century due to global warming and are in danger of disappearing, if this occurs water supply would be scarce in the near future.[7][8] Most of the glaciers are located in the Andes mountains and are inhabited by very few living species due to its severe weather.[9]
- Climate of Colombia
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Ice cap climate in the Nevado del Ruiz
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References
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- ↑ Template:In lang International Universia: Climate of Colombia Template:Webarchive International Universia Accessed 23 August 2007.
- ↑ "Climate of Colombia" Encyclopædia Britannica Accessed 23 August 2007
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ TodaColombia.com: Thernal Floors in Colombia todacolombia.com Accessed 24 August 2007.
- ↑ Template:In lang Memo.com.co: Páramos of Colombia memo.com.co Accessed 24 August 2007.
- ↑ 63rd Eastern Snow Conference: Retreat of Tropical Glaciers in Colombia and Venezuela from 1984 to 2004 as Measured from ASTER and Landsat Images Template:Webarchive easternsnow.org Accessed 24 August 2007.
- ↑ The Guardian: Cities in peril as Andean glaciers melt guardian.co.uk Accessed 24 August 2007.
- ↑ USGS: Glaciers of Colombia Template:Webarchive USGS Accessed 24 August 2007.
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External links
- Template:In lang Government of Colombia: Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies Institute IDEAM
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