Cleome

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Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox

Cleome is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cleomaceae, commonly known as spider flowers, spider plants, spider weeds, or bee plants.[1][2] Previously, it had been placed in the family Capparaceae, until DNA studies found the Cleomaceae genera to be more closely related to the Brassicaceae than the Capparaceae. Cleome and clammyweed (Polanisia dodecandra) can sometimes be confused.

The genus sensu stricto includes about 170 species of herbaceous annual or perennial plants and shrubs.[3] The genus has a subcosmopolitan distribution throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of the world.[3] However, a recent DNA study failed to separate Cleome, Podandrogyne, and Polanisia from each other, so some taxonomists have abandoned the last two of these genera, treating them as part of Cleome sensu lato; in this case, Cleome contains about 275 species, the vast majority of the Cleomaceae.

The genus contains species which show an evolutionary progression from [[C3 carbon fixation|Template:C3]] to [[C4 carbon fixation|Template:C4 photosynthesis]]. This, combined with it being very close to the Brassicaceae with the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana, makes it an ideal genus in which to study the evolution of Template:C4 photosynthesis. Morphological differences that demonstrate the transition from Template:C3 to Template:C4 include Template:C3 species having leaves with more veins and larger bundle sheath cells. Also, species such as Cleome gynandra produce proteins needed for Template:C4 photosynthesis.[4] Three species independently acquired the Template:C4 pathway, while others are Template:C3–Template:C4 intermediate or Template:C4-like.[5]

Species

199 species are accepted.[6][3][7][8][9][10] Template:Div col

  • Cleome aculeata L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – tropical
  • Cleome africana Botsch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome afrospina IltisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome albescens Franch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome aldenella W.R.ErnstScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome allamanii Chiov.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome amblyocarpa Barratte & Murb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome angulata (DC.) Schult. & Schult.f.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – western India and Java
  • Cleome angustifolia Forssk.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – African – Template:C4
  • Cleome anomala KunthScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – neotropical
  • Cleome arabica L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome arenitensis Craven, Lepschi & FryxellScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome ariana Hedge & LamondScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome aspera J.Koenig ex DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome atropurpurea SchottScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome augustinensis (Hochr.) Briq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome bahiana (Iltis & Costa-e-Silva ex Soares Neto & Roalson) ined.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome bahiensis (Ule) Christenh. & ByngScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome bicolor GardnerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome bojeri Hadj-Moust.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome boliviensis IltisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome bororensis (Klotzsch) Oliv.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome brachiata (Bojer) Briq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome brachycarpa Vahl ex DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome brachystyla DeflersScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome brevipetiolata D.F.Chamb. & LamondScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome briquetii PolhillScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome bundeica P.S.ShortScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome burttii R.A.GrahamScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome carnosa (Pax) Gilg & Gilg-Ben.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome chapalensis IltisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome chelidonii L.f.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome chilensis DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome chiriquensis (Standl.) GovaertsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome chodatiana IltisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome chrysantha Decne.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome cleomoides (F.Muell.) IltisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome coccinea (Benth.) GovaertsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome coeruleorosea Gilg & Gilg-Ben.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome coluteoides Boiss.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome conrathii Burtt DavyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome cordobensis Eichler ex Griseb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome cornus-africani (Thulin) ThulinScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome costaricensis IltisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome crenopetala DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome decipiens Triana & Planch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome densiflora (Benth.) Triana & Planch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome densifolia C.H.WrightScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome diffusa Banks ex DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome dodecandra L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome domingensis IltisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome drepanocarpa O.SchwartzScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome droserifolia Forssk. (Delile)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome dumosa BakerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome × ecuadorica HeilbornScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome elegantissima Briq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome eosina J.F.Macbr.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome erosa (Nutt.) EatonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome felina L.f.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome flava Banks ex DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome foliosa Hook.f.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome formosa (Cochrane) N.ZamoraScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome fosteriana IltisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome frutescens Aubl.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome gallaensis Gilg & Gilg-Ben.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome gigantea L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome glandulosa Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome glaucescens DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome gobica GrubovScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome gordjaginii PopovScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome gossweileri ExellScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome guaranitica (Chodat & Hassl.) Briq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome guianensis Aubl.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome gynandra L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Template:C4
  • Cleome hadramautica ThulinScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome hanburyana Penz.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome hemsleyana (Bullock) IltisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome heratensis Bunge & Bien. ex Boiss.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome hirta (Klotzsch) Oliv.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome hispidula (DC.) GovaertsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome horrida Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome houstonii R.Br.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome houtteana Schltdl.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome humilis RoseScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome iberica DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome iberidella Welw. ex Oliv.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome inermis MalmeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome insolata P.S.ShortScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome jamesii (Torr. & A.Gray) GovaertsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome jamesonii Briq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome kalachariensis Gilg & Gilg-Ben.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome karachiensis S.Riaz, Abid & QaiserScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome karjaginii TzvelevScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome kelleriana (Schinz) Gilg & Gilg-Ben.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome kenneallyi HewsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome kermesina Gilg & Gilg-Ben.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome kersiana ThulinScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome khorassanica Bunge & Bien. ex Boiss.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome laburnifolia RoesslerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome lanceolata (Mart. & Zucc.) H.H.IltisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome latifolia Vahl ex DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome lechleri EichlerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome leptorachis Linden & Planch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome lilloi M.GómezScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome limmenensis P.S.ShortScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome limoneolens J.F.Macbr.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome linophylla (O.Schwarz) Pax & K.Hoffm.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome lipskyi PopovScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome longifolia C.PreslScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome longipes Lamb. ex DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome lophosperma P.S.ShortScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome macradenia Schweinf.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome macrophylla (Klotzsch) Briq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome macrorhiza C.WrightScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome maculata (Sond.) Szyszył.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome magnifica Briq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome mathewsii Briq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome melanosperma S.WatsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome microaustralica IltisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome microcarpa UleScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome monandra DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome monophylla L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome monophylloides R.WilczekScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome moricandii Briq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome moritziana Klotzsch ex EichlerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome mossamedensis Exell & MendonçaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome niamniamensis Schweinf. & GilgScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome oligandra KersScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome omanensis (D.F.Chamb. & Lamond) ThulinScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome ornithopodioides L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome oxalidea F.Muell.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Template:C4
  • Cleome oxypetala Boiss.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome oxyphylla Burch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome pakistanica (Jafri) Khatoon & A.PerveenScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome pallida KotschyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome paludosa Willd. ex EichlerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome paradoxa R.Br. ex DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome parviflora KunthScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome parviflora KunthScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome parvipetala R.A.GrahamScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome parvisepala HeilbornScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome parvula R.A.GrahamScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome paxii (Schinz) Gilg & Gilg-Ben.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome perrieri Hadj-Moust.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome pilosa Benth.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome polyanthera Schweinf. & GilgScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome polytricha Franch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome postrata D.Subram.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome procumbens Jacq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome puberula Triana & Planch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome puccionia Christenh. & ByngScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome pulchella (Lindl.) Schult. & Schult.f.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome quinquenervia DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome ramosissima Parl. ex WebbScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome regnellii EichlerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome rosea Vahl ex DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome rostrata BobrovScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome rotundifolia (Mart. & Zucc.) IltisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome rubella Burch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome rutidosperma DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome rubelloides KersScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome rupicola VicaryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome scaposa DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome schimperi PaxScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome schlechteri Briq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome semitetrandra Sond.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome serrata Jacq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome siliculifera EichlerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome silvatica Gilg & Gilg-Ben.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome simplicifolia (Cambess.) Hook.f. & ThomsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome socotrana Balf.f.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome speciosa Raf.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome spinosa Jacq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome stenopetala Gilg & Gilg-Ben.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome stenophylla Klotzsch ex UrbanScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome steveniana Schult. & Schult.f.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome stricta (Klotzsch) R.A.GrahamScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome strigosa (Bojer) Oliv.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome stylosa EichlerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome suffruticosa SchinzScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome tenella L.f.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome tenuifolia (Mart. & Zucc.) IltisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome tenuis S.WatsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome tetrandra DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome titubans Speg.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome tomentella PopovScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome torticarpa Iltis & T.RuízScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome trachycarpa Klotzsch ex EichlerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome trachysperma (Torr. & A.Gray) Pax & K.Hoffm.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome tucumanensis H.H.IltisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome turkmena BobrovScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome uncifera KersScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome uniglandulosa Cav.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome usambarica PaxScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome vahliana Fresen.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome violacea L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome virens J.F.Macbr.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome viscosa L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome werdermannii Alf.ErnstScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Cleome yunnanensis W.W.Sm.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Div col end

Cultivation and uses

File:Cleome chelidonii in AP W IMG 9951.jpg
Cleome chelidonii at Pocharam Lake, Andhra Pradesh, India

Cleome gynandra is used as a vegetable crop. C. houtteana is a commonly cultivated ornamental plant with purple, pink, or white flowers.

Gallery of species

Template:Stereo image

References

Template:Reflist

Template:Taxonbar Template:Authority control

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ a b c Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening 1: 652-653. Macmillan. Template:ISBN.
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1". Template:Open access
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named powo
  7. ↑ Germplasm Resources Information Network: Cleome list Template:Webarchive
  8. ↑ Flora Europaea: Cleome list
  9. ↑ USDA Plants Profile: Cleome list
  10. ↑ Efloras: Cleome search results
  11. ↑ Flora of China 7: 430–431. 2008: Tarenaya Rafinesque
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