City of Adelaide

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The City of Adelaide, also known as the Corporation of the City of Adelaide and Adelaide City Council, is a local government area in the metropolitan area of greater Adelaide, South Australia. It is legally defined as the capital city of South Australia by the City of Adelaide Act 1998. It includes the Adelaide city centre, the suburb of North Adelaide, and the Adelaide Park Lands, which surround North Adelaide and the city centre.

Established in 1840, the City of Adelaide Municipal Corporation was the first municipal authority in Australia. At its time of establishment, Adelaide's (and Australia's) first mayor, James Hurtle Fisher, was elected. From 1919 onwards, the municipality has had a Lord Mayor, as of 2023Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". being Jane Lomax-Smith.

History

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File:Streetmap of Adelaide and North Adelaide.png
Adelaide city centre, North Adelaide and the Park Lands

Initially the new Province of South Australia was managed by Colonisation Commissioners. Colonial government commenced on 28 December 1836. The first municipality was established in 1840 as The City of Adelaide Municipal Corporation, the first municipality in the country. However, due to a combination of constitutional difficulties arising from the mayor's resignation, hostility of the incoming Governor George Grey, and falling revenues due to the onset of the colony's first economic crisis, the corporation became moribund in 1843, after the Province had become a Crown colony established by the South Australia Act 1842. From 1843 to 1849, control and management reverted to the colonial government, and from 1849 to 1852 the municipality was managed by a Commission with five members. With the positive economic effects of the Victorian gold rush, a formal municipality was re-established in 1852, and "has operated continuously ever since".[2][3][4][5] However, The city's relationship with the state and federal government has been described as being 'a continually abrasive relationship'.[6]

The Council started in 1840 with nineteen members, who chose four of their number to be Aldermen, and then one of these (James Hurtle Fisher) to be Mayor. In 1852 the municipality was divided into four wards. Three Councillors and one Alderman were chosen, who in turn selected the Mayor. In 1861 the Mayor was chosen by all the electors and the position of Alderman was temporarily abolished. In 1873 the municipality was divided into six Wards, each represented by two Councillors. In 1880 the office of Alderman was recreated; they were chosen by electors of all Wards. The office of Mayor was raised to the stature of Lord Mayor by Royal Letters Patent in 1919. The Lord Mayor received the right to be styled ‘The Right Honourable’ in 1927.[3][5]

The Arms of the City of Adelaide were granted by the Heralds College in 1929.[2] In 1982 the Council approved the design of the Armorial Flag.[2]

In 2015, the Council became the first government of any kind in Australia to offer a financial incentive for installing battery systems.[7]

Governance

The City of Adelaide is legally defined as the capital city of South Australia by the City of Adelaide Act 1998, which also provides for a Capital City Committee, setting out its structure, function and responsibilities. The Act defines the Constitution of the council, including the role, allowances and benefits of the Lord Mayor and members. It defines the role of the CEO and their role with regard to Council employees. It continues the name of the council as "The Corporation of the City of Adelaide", and says that the land known as "The Corporation Acre" within the City of Adelaide is vested in the Adelaide City Council. It says that the name "Adelaide City Council" means the Corporation of the City of Adelaide.[8][9][10]

As of 2019Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". the City of Adelaide Council consists of 12 elected members, including the Lord Mayor and 11 Area and Ward Councillors, elected for a 4-year term.[11] Area Councillors are elected by the voters of the whole council area as one electorate, while Ward Councillors are only elected by the voters of their respective wards.

Council

Current composition

The council, as of December 2022Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., is:[12]

Ward Party Councillor
Lord Mayor Template:Australian party style|  Labor Jane Lomax-Smith
Area Councillors Template:Australian party style|  Independent Arman Abrahimzadeh OAM
Template:Australian party style|  Independent Janet Giles
North Template:Australian party style|  Independent Phil Martin
Template:Australian party style|  Independent Mary Couros
Central Template:Australian party style|  Independent Carmel Noon
Template:Australian party style|  Independent Simon Hou
Template:Australian party style|  Labor David Elliot
Template:Australian party style|  Labor Jing Li
South Template:Australian party style|  Greens Keiran Snape
Template:Australian party style|  Liberal Henry Davis
Template:Australian party style|  Labor Mark Siebentritt

2022 election results

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Population

At the end of the 20th century, the city had little more than thirty per cent of the population it had in 1915 (when the population reached more than 43,000), and about 5,000 less than the 1855 population of 18,259.[5] In proposing reforms and his advocacy for town planning legislation, Charles Reade illustrated the Adelaide slums associated with the city's high population levels with lantern-slides accompanying his lecture "Garden cities v. Adelaide slums and suburbs" in the Adelaide Town Hall on 8 Oct 1914.[13] Reade was attacked by the Adelaide City Council who fought against the Town Planning and Housing Bill reforms[14] and the press pointed out the wickedness of families being forced to 'herd together more and more in overcrowded conditions of living' and the 'sheer nonsense on the part of the City Council to pretend' that there were no slums in the city:[15] Template:Quote

In seeking a return to higher density population levels, Adelaide City Council launched its 'New Directions' with its three themes of Capacity, Vivacity and Audacity on 3 July 2001.[16] The "Capacity" theme proposed doubling the city's population by 2010 and increasing the number of City visitors and workers.

According to the Annual Reports,[17] the population has increased rapidly, due to the targets stated in the strategic plans developed at about that time.

File:City of Adelaide Population 1840-2010.png

File:J150W-city-of-Adelaide.jpg
Coat of arms
Notes
  • The population figures have been extracted from Adelaide City Council Annual reports. The data is summarised on pages 149-150 of A Thematic History.[18] Additional data not in that summary can be found in the reports on the council's "Annual Reports" page.[17]
  • 1840 The initial Annual Report noted a population of 8,480, with 1,615 buildings in the city.
  • 1844 The second available figure (6,107) is also the minimum recorded in council reports.
  • 1880s There are no figures available for the period between 1881 and 1912. South Australia suffered a severe depression in the 1880s when the State population, (and probably the city's population too), declined.
  • 1915 The peak population was 43,133.
  • 1921 The State population passes 500,000. The city population was 39,458.
  • 1963 The State population passes 1,000,000. The city population was 23,000.
  • 1993 There is only one figure available between 1976 and 1999 – 11,405 in 1993. It was in the late 1990s that the council developed and started implementing its plans to increase the city's population, and not until 2004 when it started regularly updating the population estimates based on figures supplied by the Bureau of Census and Statistics.
  • 2001 In 2001, the council set targets for population numbers for 2006 and 2010. These targets were raised considerably in 2003. In 2009, targets were set for 2012.

The following table sets out the figures of various types of city population in the 21st century:[17][19]

Year 2016–17 2015–16 2014–15 2013–14 2012–13 2011–12 2010–11 2009–10 2008–09 2007–08 2006–07 2005–06 2004–05 2003–04 2002–03 2001–02 2000–01 2006 goal 2010 goal 2012 goal
Permanent
residents 		23,396 23,169 22,690 22,200 21,600 22,000 21,800 21,200 19,800 19,700 18,400 15,000 14,361 13,734 13,289 16,000
25,000		 25,000
34,000		 25,500
Dwellings 11,546 10,860 11,467 10,860 10,860 13,100 12,500 11,388 10,600 9,900 9,900 9,600 7,335 7,335 5,510
Overnight
population 		28,000 29,800 29,200 27,400 27,100 23,800 22,000 21,090 19,610 17,861 17,861 19,900 34,500
Overnight
visitors 		6,000 8,000 8,000 7,600 7,400 5,400 7,000 6,729 5,866
Daily
visitors(*) 		311,414 262,000 228,673 228,670 228,670 86,500 79,000 74,000 60,000 75,000 75,000 75,000 103,500 103,500 125,000 150,000
Workers 115,250 122,700 122,700 118,200 118,200 118,000 126,500 126,500 118,500 108,000 108,000 99,000 95,682 93,000 93,000 89,000 98,000 111,000 125,000
Students 67,100 64,000 64,000 86,700 90,000 88,000 86,700 81,100 75,000 63,000 59,240 51,900 50,597 50,000 58,000 66,000
Daily
population 		220,000 205,000 208,200 190,000 200,000 200,000 216,000 215,000
Office
space(**) 		1.503 1.443 1.200 1.184 1.038 1.100 1.109

 * Visitors to the city from the Adelaide Metropolitan area, for all purposes
 ** Square kilometres (millions of square metres) of office space. i.e. 1.503 km2 = 1,503,000 sq. metres.

Adelaide Park Lands

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The city's 2010–11 Annual Report noted that the total area of the City of Adelaide is 15.6 km2, of which 7.6 km2 is Park Lands.[20] Other sources put the Park Lands area closer to 7.0 km2.[21] The original area was 2,300 acres (9.3 km2),[22] a number the Council still regularly quotes.[23]

Services and amenities

The City of Adelaide's administrative offices are located in the Colonel William Light Centre building at 25 Pirie Street, adjacent to the Adelaide Town Hall in King William Street.

Apart from providing the usual services like rubbish collection and controlling local development, the City of Adelaide owns and operates a number of city services and amenities, including:

  • A network of 10 car parking stations (Andrew, Central Market, Flinders, Frome, Gawler, Grote, Light Square, Pirie, Rundle, Topham and Wyatt) branded as UPark.[24]
  • Adelaide Central Market, a popular tourist attraction and working market selling cheap fruit and vegetables and other products.
  • Adelaide Aquatic Centre, offering several indoor heated swimming pools, diving facilities, and a health club.[25]
  • A network of local library and community centres from which local residents can borrow books, music, videos and computer programs, and gain access to computers and the internet.
  • The council also runs a free bicycle service on weekdays, in conjunction with Bikes SA.
  • Free bus services, 98C and 98A,(operated as The Connector until 2014), which runs through the central business district and North Adelaide, with stops at every major tourist attraction and council library.[26] A new connector bus, with more seating capacity, entered service in 2007, replacing one of the smaller buses that used to ply the route. The bus is named Tindo (after the Kaurna word for sun) and is hailed as the world's first solar powered bus.[27] The 98C is a clockwise loop while the 98A is anti-clockwise and the service has now been modified to better suit everyone's needs.[28] The 97 was a temporary free bus which used to run for a few months.

Sister cities

The City of Adelaide has been involved in the Sister Cities program since 1972. As of 2023Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". it has long-term international partnership arrangements with five cities, known as sister cities, based on formal agreements between Adelaide and each city. This allows collaboration in the cultural, educational, business, and technical spheres. The five sister cities are:[29]

Two cities are known as Friendship Cities, based on informal partnerships between two cities that promote collaboration and a friendly relationship between two cities:[29]

Flag

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File:Flag of Adelaide.svg
Flag of the City of Adelaide

The armorial flag of Adelaide was approved on 2 August 1982, replacing the unofficial coat of arms on white background, which had been flown outside the Town Hall on special occasions for about 50 years.[30]

Key to the City

The Key to the city is presented by the Lord Mayor to an individual or group to acknowledge and recognise their outstanding contribution to the city of Adelaide.[31]

Year Name/Group
1991 Governor Michael Dukakis
1991 Captain Anthony Sturt
1992 David Hookes
1992 The 14th Dalai Lama
1992 The Salvation Army
1993 John Fitzgerald OAM
1994 Reverend Ivor Bailey AM
1995 Archbishop Stylianos Harkianakis
1996 Mark Woodforde
1996 1996 S.A. Sheffield Shield Cricket Team
1996 Adelaide Girls Choir
1996 Dr Andrew Thomas AO
1996 The Ecumenical Patriarch Vartholomeos 1
1996 Dame Roma Mitchell AC DBE CVO QC
1997 Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".
1997 Maritime Patrol Group RAAF Edinburgh
1997 Adelaide Football Club
1998 Adelaide Lightning Women's Basketball Team
1998 Adelaide 36ers Men's Basketball Team
1998 Band of the South Australia Police
1998 Adelaide Thunderbirds Netball Team
1999 Stuart O'Grady OAM
2001 Lleyton Hewitt AM
2001 Dr Jeffery Tate
2003 Mark Ricciuto
2003 Barry Humphries AO CBE
2004 John Coetzee
2004 Port Adelaide Football Club
2004 Rupert Murdoch AC KCSG
2006 Dr Bill Griggs AM
2008 Adelaide United Soccer Team
2010 Cheong Yew Liew OAM
2017 Adelaide Football Club Women's Team
2017 Gillian Rolton AM
2018 Mike Turtur AO
2021 Uncle Lewis Yerloburka O'Brien AO

Notable residents

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Template:Census 2021 AUS
  2. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ a b Lord Mayors & Mayors Script error: No such module "webarchive"., City of Adelaide
  4. ↑ Books mentioned on the City of Adelaide history webpages: Those Turbulent Years. A History of the City of Adelaide 1929–1979, Pubs, pews and powerbrokers, The City of Adelaide - A Thematic History Script error: No such module "webarchive".
  5. ↑ a b c A Thematic History, pp81-82.
  6. ↑ Morton, After Light p. 10
    The city's relationship with the state and federal government has been described as being 'a continually abrasive relationship'. Until 1877 the relationship with the colonial government was described as 'a grudging tolerance, breaking out occasionally into active resentment whenever the council felt its rights were being infringed'. Moreover, matters such as alienation of the Park Lands by the state government, and threats to do so by the federal government, together with the fact that the federal and state government were exempt from rates for the many city buildings they owned, did nothing to enhance the relationship between them and the city corporation.
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Your current Council City of Adelaide, 2019. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Where are the Slums? Mr. Reade on Garden Cities. The Journal, 9 October 1914, p 1.
  14. ↑ Leonie Sandercock. 'Adelaide: Property, Privilege and Power' in Property, Politics, and Urban Planning: A History of Australian City Planning 1890-1990. p 81.
  15. ↑ City Council, Slums, and Town Planning.Daily Herald, 11 September 1916, p 4B.
  16. ↑ Annual Report 2001/2002 Script error: No such module "webarchive"., Adelaide City Council, p 2.
  17. ↑ a b c Annual Reports, City of Adelaide
  18. ↑ A Thematic History, pp149-150.
  19. ↑ 2016-17 2015-16 2014-15 2013-14 2012-13 2010-11 Script error: No such module "webarchive". 2009-10 2008-09 2007-08 Script error: No such module "webarchive". 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05 2003-04 2002-03 2001-02 Script error: No such module "webarchive". 2000-01 1999-00 1998-99 1997-98
  20. ↑ Annual Report 2010-11 Script error: No such module "webarchive"., City of Adelaide, p. 1.
  21. ↑ Fiction and Facts about the Adelaide Park Lands, Adelaide Parklands Preservation Association.
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Our Parks, adelaideparklands.com.au
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ City Connector Adelaice City Council
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ City of Adelaide Arms and Flag
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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  • McDougall & Vines (2006) The City of Adelaide - A Thematic History, www.adelaidecitycouncil.com. (PDF, 780Kb, 156 pages)
  • Peter Morton (1996) After Light: A History of the City of Adelaide and its Council, 1878–1928

Further reading

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External links

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Template:Local Government Areas of South Australia Script error: No such module "Navbox". Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Adelaide CBD Streets

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