Citrobacter

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Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox

Citrobacter is a genus of Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped[1] coliform bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family.

Citrobacter spp. cause opportunistic infections (including urinary tract infections, gastroenteritis, and bacteremia).[1]

Microbiology

Microbial biochemistry

The species C. amalonaticus, C. koseri, and C. freundii can use citrate as a sole carbon source. Citrobacter species are differentiated by their ability to convert tryptophan to indole (C. koseri is the only citrobacter to be commonly indole-positive), ferment lactose (C. koseri is a lactose fermentor), and use malonate.[2]

Citrobacter shows the ability to accumulate uranium by building phosphate complexes.[3]

Environmental microbiology

These bacteria can be found almost everywhere in soil, water, wastewater, etc. They can also be found in the human intestine.[4][5]

Clinical significance

Citrobacter are considered opportunistic nosocomial pathogens, typically associated with urinary tract infections and infant meningitis and sepsis.[6]

Antimicrobial resistance

Citrobacter freundii strains have inducible ampC genes encoding resistance to ampicillin and first-generation cephalosporins.[7] In addition, isolates of Citrobacter may be resistant to many other antibiotics as a result of plasmid-encoded resistance genes.[6]

References

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External links

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