Ciona
Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox
Ciona is a genus of sea squirts in the family Cionidae.
The body of Ciona is bag-like and covered by a tunic, which is a secretion of the epidermal cells. The body is attached at a permanent base located at the posterior part, and the opposite bears two openings, the buccal (oral) and atrial (cloacal) siphons. The water is drawn into the ascidian through the buccal siphon and leaves the atrium through the atrial siphon.
Species
Species in this genus include:[1]
- Ciona antarctica Hartmeyer, 1911Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ciona edwardsi Roule, 1884Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ciona fascicularis Hancock, 1870Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ciona gelatinosa Bonnevie, 1896Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ciona hoshinoi Monniot C., 1991Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ciona imperfecta Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1977Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ciona intermedia Mastrototaro, 2020Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ciona longissima Hartmeyer, 1899Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ciona mollis Ritter, 1907Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ciona pomponiae Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1989Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ciona robusta Hoshino & Tokioka, 1967Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ciona roulei Lahille, 1887Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ciona savignyi Herdman, 1882Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Ciona sheikoi Sanamyan, 1998Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Genome projects
As of 2008, the genomes of Ciona intestinalis[2] and Ciona savignyi[3] have been sequenced.
Sexual reproduction
Ciona intestinalis is a hermaphrodite that releases sperm and eggs almost simultaneously into the surrounding seawater. C. intestinalis is self-sterile and thus has been used for studies on the mechanism of self-incompatibility.[4] C. savigny is highly self-fertile, but non-self sperm out-compete self-sperm in fertilization competition assays.[5] Mechanisms promoting non-self fertilization may have evolved to avoid inbreeding depression,[5] and to facilitate outcrossing which allows the masking of deleterious recessive mutations.[6]
Use as food
Ciona is being developed in Norway as a potential substitute meat protein, after processing to remove its 'marine taste' and to make its texture less 'squid-like'.[7]
References
Template:Tunicata Template:Taxonbar Template:Authority control
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ P. Dehal et al.: The draft genome of Ciona intestinalis: insights into chordate and vertebrate origins. Science, 298, 5601, S. 2157–67, 13. Dezember 2002
- ↑ The C. savignyi Reference Genome and Genetic Map
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".