Cinepazide
Template:Short description Template:Drugbox
Cinepazide or cinepazide maleate[1] (Kelinao or Anjieli in China[2][3]) is a vasodilator used in China for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and peripheral vascular diseases.[4] It appears to work by potentiating A2 adenosine receptors.[5]
History
Cinepazide was discovered by scientists at Laboratoires Delalande (now part of Sanofi) in 1969 in an effort to explore useful substituted cinnamoyl-piperazine compounds.[6][7] The drug, in the form of a pill taken orally, was launched by Delalande in 1976 under the tradename Vasodistal, for treatment of heart failure, balance disorders, cerebrovascular disease, and vascular complications of diabetes.[6][8] In 1988 the drug was withdrawn from the market in Spain due to risk of agranulocytosis; other countries where the drug was available added warnings to the label.[9][10] It was withdrawn from the market in France in 1992.[11] The drug had also been marketed in Japan by Daiichi Pharmeceutical Company under the brand name "Brindel"[2] for dementia, but was withdrawn in 1999, following a review by the Japanese regulatory authorities of dementia drugs after a drug, calcium hopantenate, that had been considered the standard of care and against which cinepazide and other dementia drugs had been compared, had failed to demonstrate efficacy in a re-evaluation.[12]
In 2002 Sihuan Pharmaceutical brought an injectable form of the drug to market in China;[13] Sihuan had acquired the drug from a military hospital in China that had developed the formulation.[14] In 2010 it was the highest selling drug in China, with about 1 billion RMB in sales in the 3rd quarter, outselling Plavix in China.[13][3] This made Sihuan Pharm the largest company in China in the cardio-cerebral vascular drug market in 2010.[3] In 2014 it was the tenth highest-selling drug in China.[14]
References
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- ↑ a b Drugs.com Drugs.com International listings for cinepazide Page accessed Aug 3, 2015
- ↑ a b c 20 Oct 2010 Sihuan Pharm – China's leading player in cardio-cerebral vascular drug – IPO Report Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- ↑ Sihuan Pharmaceutical Kelinao/Anjieli official site Page accessed Aug 3, 2015
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- ↑ a b Johnson Sun for Guotai Junan International. Sept 28, 2011. Company Report: Sihuan Pharmaceuticals
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- ↑ Reactions Weekly 305(1):1. June 1990 Cinepazide-related agranulocytosis
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- ↑ Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat Consolidated List of Products Whose Consumption and/or Sale Have Been Banned, Withdrawn, Severely Restricted or not Approved by Governments Twelfth Issue: Pharmaceuticals United Nations – New York, 2005
- ↑ Sidney M. Wolfe, M.D. for the Public Citizen's Health Research Group. February 2, 1995. Differences in the Number of Drug Safety Withdrawals: United States, United Kingdom, Germany and France 1970-1992
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Lefei Sun, Jinsong Du, and Iris Wang for Credit Suisse. October 6, 2011 China Pharma Sector
- ↑ a b Su Zhang for Standard Chartered Bank (HK) Limited. June 27, 2014 China health care: Pharma sector comes of age
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