Chromosome 4

Template:Short description Template:Infobox chromosome Chromosome 4 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 4 spans more than 190 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 6 and 6.5 percent of the total DNA in cells.

Genomics

The chromosome is ~193 megabases in length. In a 2012 paper, 775 protein-encoding genes were identified on this chromosome. 211 (27.9%) of these coding sequences did not have any experimental evidence at the protein level, in 2012. 271 appear to be membrane proteins. 54 have been classified as cancer-associated proteins.

Genes

Number of genes

The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 4. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.

Estimated by	Protein-coding genes	Non-coding RNA genes	Pseudogenes	Source	Release date
CCDS	727	—	—		2016-09-08
HGNC	731	277	633		2017-05-12
Ensembl	746	993	727		2017-03-29
UniProt	765	—	—		2018-02-28
NCBI	769	934	819		2017-05-19

Gene list

Template:Category see also/Category pair check The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 4. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.

Diseases and disorders

The following are some of the diseases related to genes located on chromosome 4:

• Achondroplasia
• Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (PKD-2)
• Bladder cancer
• Crouzonodermoskeletal syndrome
• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
• Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome
• Ellis–Van Creveld syndrome
• Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
• Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP)
• Haemophilia C
• Huntington's disease
• Hemolytic uremic syndrome
• Hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis
• Hirschprung's disease
• Hypochondroplasia
• Mast cell activation syndrome
• Methylmalonic acidemia
• Mucopolysaccharidosis type I
• Muenke syndrome
• Nonsyndromic deafness
• Nonsyndromic deafness, autosomal dominant
• Parkinson's disease
• Polycystic kidney disease
• Romano–Ward syndrome
• SADDAN
• Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency
• Thanatophoric dysplasia
  • Type 1
  • Type 2
• Wolfram syndrome
• Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome

Cytogenetic band

G-bands of human chromosome 4 in resolution 850 bphs

Chr.	Arm	Band	ISCN start	ISCN stop	Basepair start	Basepair stop	Stain	Density
4	p	16.3	0	220	1		gneg
4	p	16.2	220	389			gpos	25
4	p	16.1	389	779			gneg
4	p	15.33	779	1066			gpos	50
4	p	15.32	1066	1286			gneg
4	p	15.31	1286	1557			gpos	75
4	p	15.2	1557	1811			gneg
4	p	15.1	1811	2166			gpos	100
4	p	14	2166	2505			gneg
4	p	13	2505	2742			gpos	50
4	p	12	2742	2877			gneg
4	p	11	2877	3046			acen
4	q	11	3046	3249			acen
4	q	12	3249	3571			gneg
4	q	13.1	3571	3910			gpos	100
4	q	13.2	3910	4062			gneg
4	q	13.3	4062	4333			gpos	75
4	q	21.1	4333	4502			gneg
4	q	21.21	4502	4671			gpos	50
4	q	21.22	4671	4739			gneg
4	q	21.23	4739	4874			gpos	25
4	q	21.3	4874	5145			gneg
4	q	22.1	5145	5517			gpos	75
4	q	22.2	5517	5636			gneg
4	q	22.3	5636	5890			gpos	75
4	q	23	5890	6059			gneg
4	q	24	6059	6347			gpos	50
4	q	25	6347	6685			gneg
4	q	26	6685	7040			gpos	75
4	q	27	7040	7277			gneg
4	q	28.1	7277	7565			gpos	50
4	q	28.2	7565	7734			gneg
4	q	28.3	7734	8259			gpos	100
4	q	31.1	8259	8581			gneg
4	q	31.21	8581	8733			gpos	25
4	q	31.22	8733	8851			gneg
4	q	31.23	8851	9004			gpos	25
4	q	31.3	9004	9207			gneg
4	q	32.1	9207	9545			gpos	100
4	q	32.2	9545	9681			gneg
4	q	32.3	9681	9985			gpos	100
4	q	33	9985	10087			gneg
4	q	34.1	10087	10341			gpos	75
4	q	34.2	10341	10408			gneg
4	q	34.3	10408	10628			gpos	100
4	q	35.1	10628	10967			gneg
4	q	35.2	10967	11170			gpos	25