Chiyonoyama Masanobu

was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Fukushima, Hokkaidō. He was the sport's 41st yokozuna from 1951 until 1959. He is regarded as the first "modern" yokozuna in that he was promoted by the Japan Sumo Association itself and not the House of Yoshida Tsukasa. He was the first yokozuna from Hokkaidō, which was also the birthplace of the subsequent yokozuna Yoshibayama, Taihō, Kitanoumi and his own recruits Kitanofuji and Chiyonofuji. After his retirement he left the Dewanoumi group of stables and founded Kokonoe stable in 1967. He died in 1977 while still an active stablemaster.

Career

Chiyonoyama was born , the fifth son of a squid fisherman. He joined Dewanoumi stable in January 1942. Chiyonoyama injured his knee in his first tournament, an injury that was to trouble him for the rest of his career. He reached the second highest jūryō division in November 1944 and made his debut in the top makuuchi division in November 1945. He had been an admirer of yokozuna Futabayama but his dream of facing him in competition ended after Futabayama announced his retirement during Chiyonoyama's makuuchi debut. In this first tournament he won all ten of his bouts but was denied the championship as in the absence of any playoff system in the event of a tie, it was simply awarded to the wrestler higher in rank (in this case, yokozuna Haguroyama).

File:Chiyonoyama 1951 Scan10018-2.jpg

Chiyonoyama performing the yokozuna dohyo-iri at the Meiji Shrine in June 1951, shortly after his promotion.

In May 1949 Chiyonoyama defeated three yokozuna, finishing with a 12–3 record, and was promoted to ōzeki. He won two consecutive championships in October 1949 and January 1950 but was denied promotion to yokozuna as the Sumo Association felt he was rather young at twenty three and with his second championship being "only" a 12–3 they wanted to wait until they were sure he was ready. His October 1949 victory also coincided with the controversy over struggling yokozuna Maedayama being told to retire after being seen at a baseball game while he was supposed to be recuperating from illness. Chiyonoyama was eventually promoted in May 1951 after winning his third championship with a 14–1 record. He was the first yokozuna to be promoted without being awarded a licence by the house of Yoshida Tsukasa. During his yokozuna career he missed many bouts due to injury and in 1953 even asked to be demoted back to ōzeki so he could start over again. The Sumo Association refused this unprecedented request. Chiyonoyama finally took his first championship as a yokozuna in January 1955 with a playoff win over Tokitsuyama and won two more thereafter, in March 1955 and January 1957. Increasingly troubled by his knee injury to the point where he could sometimes barely walk due to the pain, he announced his retirement in January 1959.

Retirement from sumo

Chiyonoyama had expected to take over as head coach of Dewanoumi stable after the death of Dewanoumi Oyakata in 1960, but he was considered too young for the responsibility at 34, and he lost a succession battle to former maegashira Dewanohana. After yokozuna Sadanoyama married Dewanohana's daughter, Chiyonoyama realised he had no chance to take over and so asked to leave and set up his own stable. This was allowed on the condition that he also leave the Dewanoumi ichimon (group of stables). Previously the Dewanoumi camp had, since the days of Hitachiyama, always prevented ex-wrestlers from branching out. In March 1967 he set up Kokonoe stable, taking ōzeki (later yokozuna) Kitanofuji and nine other recruits with him. In 1970 future yokozuna Chiyonofuji, also from Fukushima, Hokkaidō, joined the stable. Chiyonoyama was unable to see Chiyonofuji reach the yokozuna rank as he died of liver cancer aged fifty one in 1977, but his widow attended Chiyonofuji's promotion ceremony in 1981.

Personal life

In September 1952 he married the daughter of an Osaka restaurant owner.

Fighting style

Early in his career Chiyonoyama was known for the power of his tsuppari (thrusting) attack but during his successful run to yokozuna in 1951 he made an effort to improve his yotsu-sumo (grappling) techniques under the supervision of ex-yokozuna Tochigiyama of Kasugano stable and his own head coach, former yokozuna Tsunenohana. He liked a migi-yotsu (left hand outside, right hand inside) grip on his opponent's mawashi and his favourite kimarite was uwatenage (overarm throw).

Career record

Through most of the 1940s, only two tournaments were held a year, and only one was held in 1946. The New Year tournament began and the Spring tournament returned to Osaka in 1953. Template:Sumo record box start 1933-1952

1942 (Maezumo) ShinjoTemplate:Ifnumber
4–0
  Not held 1943 East JonidanTemplate:Ifnumber
8–0
  West SandanmeTemplate:Ifnumber
5–3
  Not held 1944 West MakushitaTemplate:Ifnumber
6–2
  West MakushitaTemplate:Ifnumber
4–1
  West JūryōTemplate:Ifnumber
8–2
Champion
  1945 Not held East JūryōTemplate:Ifnumber
6–1
Champion
  East MaegashiraTemplate:Ifnumber
10–0
  1946 Not held Not held East MaegashiraTemplate:Ifnumber
10–3
  1947 Not held West SekiwakeTemplate:Ifnumber
Sat out due to injury
0–0–15 West MaegashiraTemplate:Ifnumber
8–3
★ 1948 Not held West SekiwakeTemplate:Ifnumber
4–6–1draw
  West MaegashiraTemplate:Ifnumber
8–3
F★★ 1949 West SekiwakeTemplate:Ifnumber
8–5
  East SekiwakeTemplate:Ifnumber
12–3
O West ŌzekiTemplate:Ifnumber
13–2
  1950 East ŌzekiTemplate:Ifnumber
12–3
  East ŌzekiTemplate:Ifnumber
9–6
  East ŌzekiTemplate:Ifnumber
11–4
  1951 East ŌzekiTemplate:Ifnumber
8–7
  East ŌzekiTemplate:Ifnumber
14–1
  West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
9–6
  1952 West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
13–2
  West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
10–5
  West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
11–4
  Record given as wins–losses–absences    Top division champion Top division runner-up Retired Lower divisions Non-participation

Sanshō key: F=Fighting spirit; O=Outstanding performance; T=Technique     Also shown: ★=Kinboshi; P=Playoff(s)
Divisions: Makuuchi — Jūryō — Makushita — Sandanme — Jonidan — Jonokuchi

Makuuchi ranks: Yokozuna — Ōzeki — Sekiwake — Komusubi — Maegashira

1953 East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
4–4–7
  East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
1–5–9
  East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
Sat out due to injury
0–0–15 West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
11–4
  1954 West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
10–5
  East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
10–5
  West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
12–3
  East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
12–3
  1955 East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
12–3–P
  East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
13–2–P
  East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
8–7
  East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
10–4–1draw
  1956 West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
4–1–10
  West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
8–7
  West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
11–4
  East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber
Sat out due to injury
0–0–15 Record given as wins–losses–absences    Top division champion Top division runner-up Retired Lower divisions Non-participation

Sanshō key: F=Fighting spirit; O=Outstanding performance; T=Technique     Also shown: ★=Kinboshi; P=Playoff(s)
Divisions: Makuuchi — Jūryō — Makushita — Sandanme — Jonidan — Jonokuchi

Makuuchi ranks: Yokozuna — Ōzeki — Sekiwake — Komusubi — Maegashira

Modern top division record

• Since the addition of the Kyushu tournament in 1957 and the Nagoya tournament in 1958, the yearly schedule has remained unchanged.

Year	January Hatsu basho, Tokyo	March Haru basho, Osaka	May Natsu basho, Tokyo	July Nagoya basho, Nagoya	September Aki basho, Tokyo	November Kyūshū basho, Fukuoka
1957	West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber 15–0	East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber 10–5	East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber Sat out due to injury 0–0–15	Not held	West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber 5–8–2	West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber Sat out due to injury 0–0–15
1958	West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber 12–3	East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber 12–3	East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber 12–3	West YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber Sat out due to injury 0–0–15	East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber 1–4–10	East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber Sat out due to injury 0–0–15
1959	East YokozunaTemplate:Ifnumber Retired 3–3–9	x	x	x	x	x
Record given as wins–losses–absences    Top division champion Top division runner-up Retired Lower divisions Non-participation Sanshō key: F=Fighting spirit; O=Outstanding performance; T=Technique     Also shown: ★=Kinboshi; P=Playoff(s) Divisions: Makuuchi — Jūryō — Makushita — Sandanme — Jonidan — Jonokuchi Makuuchi ranks: Yokozuna — Ōzeki — Sekiwake — Komusubi — Maegashira

See also

• Glossary of sumo terms
• List of past sumo wrestlers
• List of sumo tournament top division champions
• List of sumo tournament top division runners-up
• List of yokozuna

External links

• Japan Sumo Association profile

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