Chief Earth Woman
Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Chief Earth Woman was a nineteenth-century Ojibwa woman and a significant figure in Ojibwa history.[1] She claimed that she had gained supernatural powers from a dream, and for this reason, accompanied the men on the warpath.[2] While some Ojibwa warrior women responded to necessity, Chief Earth Woman chose to become a warrior, entering battle with the Sioux.[3] Her dreams provided her fellow Ojibwa warriors with protection, and guided them through the battle.[3] She confided with the leader that her dreams predicted the movements of the Sioux, aiding the Ojibwa in battle.[4] In the battle, she succeeded in scalping an enemy, earning her traditional honors.[4] Ruth Landes' research in the 1930s described Chief Earth Woman as one of few women to command a war party and receive the honors of a man,[5] and later research by Colleen Sheryl McIvor places Chief Earth Woman within the tradition of the Anishinaabe Ogichidaakwe, or woman warrior.[6]
She was born around 1878 near Waterloo, Ohio as Birtha Snyder, Snider or Snidow. She married a man named "White Owl" in 1893, and she frequently traveled from Ohio to Michigan. She lived in a place called "Old Man's Cave" while in Ohio.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Chief Earth Woman's story is often associated as a parallel to those stories of Lozen and Running Eagle.[1]
References
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Further reading
- Smith, Theresa S. (Spring 1999.) ""Yes, I'm Brave": Extraordinary Women in the Anishnaabe (Ojibwe) Tradition." Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion: 15(1).