Chess World Cup

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The FIDE World Cup is a major chess event organized by FIDE, the international governing body.

History

Three different formats have been used:

Similarly named tournaments

Before FIDE introduced the Chess World Cup, the breakaway Grandmasters Association (GMA) organized six tournaments in 1988–1989 which they termed the 'GMA World Cup'. Participants were high-ranking grandmasters; each round was a large round robin termed a 'Grand Prix'. They were considered the flagship tournaments of the GMA but were abandoned as the association gradually collapsed in the early 1990s.[1][2]

FIDE World Cup (2000–2002)

In 2000 and 2002 FIDE, the International Chess Federation, staged their "First Chess World Cup" and "Second Chess World Cup" respectively. These were major tournaments, but not directly linked to the World Chess Championship. Both the 2000[3] and 2002[4] events were won by Viswanathan Anand of India.

Winners

Year Dates Host Players Winner Runner-up Third place Fourth place
2000 1–13 Sep Template:Flagicon Shenyang, China 24 Template:Flagicon Viswanathan Anand Template:Flagicon Evgeny Bareev Template:Flagicon Boris Gelfand, Template:Flagicon Gilberto Milos
2002 9–22 Oct Template:Flagicon Hyderabad, India 24 Template:Flagicon Viswanathan Anand Template:Flagicon Rustam Kasimdzhanov Template:Flagicon Alexander Beliavsky, Template:Flagicon Alexey Dreev

Both tournaments began with a round-robin stage, consisting of four groups of six players each. The top two players from each group were subsequently seeded into an eight-player single-elimination bracket.

FIDE World Cup (2005–present)

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Since 2005, a different event of the same name has been part of the World Chess Championship cycle. This event is being held every two years. It is a 128-player knockout tournament, in the same style as the Tilburg tournament between 1992 and 1994, or the 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002 and 2004 FIDE World Championships.

The event was held in 2005, 2007, 2009, and 2011 in Khanty-Mansiysk, and subsequently FIDE has given preference to bids for the Olympiad that also contain a bid for the preceding World Cup.[5][6] During the 2015 finals of the World Cup, the main organizer commented "We received the right to host the Olympiad and then we were given an additional event – the World Cup."[7]

The Chess World Cup 2005 qualified ten players for the Candidates Tournament for the World Chess Championship 2007. Since then, every World Cup has qualified between one and three players for the Candidates Tournament.

Two World Cup qualifiers (Boris Gelfand in 2009 and Sergey Karjakin in 2015) won the subsequent Candidates tournament and played in the World Championship match, in 2012 and 2016 respectively.

Format

Since 2005, the format has been 128 players with 7 single-elimination rounds of "mini-matches", which are 2 games each followed by a series of rapid then blitz tiebreaks if necessary. The final usually has 4 games before the tiebreaks start. Since 2015, an extra rest day has recently been added before the semi-finals, in addition to before the final.[8]

Some criticism has been leveled at the scheduling effects, with the event being rather long (26 days), particularly with almost all of the players having left long before the end.[9] Fatigue thus plays a critical role, and while some players seek to conserve energy by avoiding tiebreaks, others "agree" (either explicitly or implicitly) to make short draws in the 2 long games and decide the winner in tiebreaks. It is often remarked that the system is mostly a lottery of who survives, though better players have more chances on the whole.[10] The anticlimax of the 4-round final, with both players now already qualified for the Candidates, has also been criticized.[11]

Winners

"Qual" refers to the number of players who qualify for the Candidates Tournament (marked with green background). For example, in 2015, the top 2 finishers qualified for the 2016 Candidates Tournament. In 2021, Sergey Karjakin qualified for the 2022 Candidates Tournament via the World Cup, but was subsequently disqualified for making statements in support of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. In 2023, only the top three players were meant to qualify, but Magnus Carlsen declined to participate in the Candidates; thus the fourth place, Nijat Abasov, qualified as well.

Year Dates Host Players <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />Qual.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Winner Runner-up Third place Fourth place
2005 27 Nov – 17 Dec Template:Flagicon Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia 128 10 Template:Flagicon Levon Aronian Template:Flagicon Ruslan Ponomariov Template:Flagicon Étienne Bacrot Template:Flagicon Alexander Grischuk
2007 24 Nov – 16 Dec Template:Flagicon Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia 128 1 Template:Flagicon Gata Kamsky Template:Flagicon Alexei Shirov Template:Flagicon Magnus Carlsen and Template:Flagicon Sergey Karjakin
2009 20 Nov – 14 Dec Template:Flagicon Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia 128 1 Template:Flagicon Boris Gelfand Template:Flagicon Ruslan Ponomariov Template:Flagicon Sergey Karjakin and Template:Flagicon Vladimir Malakhov
2011 26 Aug – 21 Sep Template:Flagicon Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia 128 3 Template:Flagicon Peter Svidler Template:Flagicon Alexander Grischuk Template:Flagicon Vassily Ivanchuk Template:Flagicon Ruslan Ponomariov
2013 10 Aug – 4 Sep Template:Flagicon Tromsø, Norway 128 2 Template:Flagicon Vladimir Kramnik Template:Flagicon Dmitry Andreikin Template:Flagicon Evgeny Tomashevsky and Template:Flagicon Maxime Vachier-Lagrave
2015 10 Sep – 5 Oct Template:Flagicon Baku, Azerbaijan 128 2 Template:Flagicon Sergey Karjakin Template:Flagicon Peter Svidler Template:Flagicon Anish Giri and Template:Flagicon Pavel Eljanov
2017 2–27 Sep Template:Flagicon Tbilisi, Georgia 128 2 Template:Flagicon Levon Aronian Template:Flagicon Ding Liren Template:Flagicon Wesley So and Template:Flagicon Maxime Vachier-Lagrave
2019 9 Sep – 4 Oct Template:Flagicon Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia 128 2 Template:Flagicon Teimour Radjabov Template:Flagicon Ding Liren Template:Flagicon Maxime Vachier-Lagrave Template:Flagicon Yu Yangyi
2021 12 Jul – 6 Aug Template:Flagicon Sochi, Russia 206 2 Template:Flagicon Jan-Krzysztof Duda Template:Flagicon Sergey Karjakin Template:Flagicon Magnus Carlsen Template:Flagicon Vladimir Fedoseev
2023 29 Jul – 25 Aug Template:Flagicon Baku, Azerbaijan 206 3 Template:Flagicon Magnus Carlsen Template:Flagicon R Praggnanandhaa Template:Flagicon Fabiano Caruana Template:Flagicon Nijat Abasov
2025 31 Oct – 27 Nov Template:Flagicon TBD, India 206 3 TBD TBD TBD TBD

All tournaments since 2005 were played in single-elimination format, as seen in the format section above.

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Garry Kasparov: A History of Profesional Chess, Mig Greengard, Chessbase, 4/8/2002
  2. ↑ Skelleftea World Cup 1989, Chessgames.com
  3. ↑ The Week in Chess 306 (web archive) 18 September 2000
  4. ↑ The Week in Chess 415 (web archive) 21 October 2002
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ FIDE General Assembly Minutes (2012), section 18.5
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ World Cup 2015 Regulations
  9. ↑ Svidler and Karjakin on the World Cup final (Chess24)
  10. ↑ Chess World Cup 2013, War of Attrition (Chess.com)
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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