Centrolene heloderma
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Centrolene heloderma is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae from the Andes in Colombia and Ecuador. It is also known as Pichincha giant glass frog or bumpy glassfrog.[1]
Distribution
In Colombia it has been recorded from the western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental, in the Cauca, Risaralda, and Valle del Cauca Departments.[2] In Ecuador it has been recorded from the western Andes in the Pichincha and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas Provinces.[3]
Description
Centrolene heloderma are small frogs (although among the generally small Centrolene, they are relatively large[4]): males measure Script error: No such module "convert". in snout–vent length and females Script error: No such module "convert". (based on one frog only). It has uniformly green dorsum covered with whitish tubercles. Its snout has a characteristic obtuse profile.[3][5] Females lay clutches up to 29 eggs on the upper side of leaves and very high from the water level. Upon hatching, the tadpoles drop down and develop in fast-flowing water.[5]
Habitat and conservation
Centrolene heloderma inhabits the upper elevations of cloud forest, and is only found in mature forest.[6] It is an uncommon frog that is active at night and difficult to see. However, males can be heard calling from the vegetation near streams and waterfalls.[5]
In Ecuador Centrolene heloderma has disappeared from two known locations (including the type locality where it was last seen in 1979) and is now only known from one location.[3][5] In Colombia it was last recorded in 1996.[6] Its disappearance has been attributed to changing climatic patterns, with habitat loss, alien predatory fish, pollution, and chytridiomycosis as other potential contributing factors.[6]
References
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