Catalan counties

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Distinguish". Template:History of Catalonia The Catalan counties (Template:Langx, Script error: No such module "IPA".) were those surviving counties of the Hispanic March and the southernmost part of the March of Gothia that were later united to form the Principality of Catalonia.

In 778, Charlemagne led the first military Frankish expedition into Hispania to create the Hispanic March, a military buffer zone between the Frankish Empire and the Emirate of Córdoba. The territory that he subdued would in later centuries become the kernel of Catalonia (not yet known like that since the first written mention of Catalonia is in 1113). In 781, Charlemagne made his 3-year-old son Louis the Pious (778 – 840) king of Aquitaine, who was sent there with regents and a court in order to secure the southern border of his kingdom against the Arabs and Moors and to expand southwards into Muslim territory.

These counties were originally primitive feudal entities ruled by a small military elite. Counts were appointed directly by and owed allegiance to the Carolingian (Frankish) emperor. The appointment of heirs could not be taken for granted. However, with the rise of the importance of the Bellonids and strong figures among them such as, Sunifred (fl. 844–848) and Wilfred the Hairy (c.870-897), and the weakening of Carolingian royal power, the appointment of heirs eventually become a formality. This trend resulted in the counts becoming de facto independent of the Carolingian crown under Borrell II in 987, starting since, to call themselves and to be known as dei gratia comes (counts by the grace of god) and dux catalanensis (Catalan dukes) or even Hispaniae subjogator (attorney of Hispania) and Propugnator et murus christiani populi (wall and defender of the Christian folk).

The many counties (aside from the counties of County of Pallars, County of Urgell and County of Empuries) were to be soon absorbed into the County of Barcelona. The Count of Barcelona Ramon Berenguer IV, married the heiress of the Kingdom of Aragon, Petronilla of Aragon, in 1150, uniting as equals the Kingdom of Aragon and the County of Barcelona. Thus, their son, Alfonso II of Aragon, became the king of the Crown of Aragon.

Creation

File:Comtats catalans s. VIII-XII.svg
The Hispanic March counties between the late 8th and 12th centuries that would become the Principality of Catalonia

The Frankish conquest of the area from Muslim control began in 759, shortly after the capture of Narbonne, with the establishment of the County of Rosselló, the first of what would later become the Catalan counties to be established.[1] In 785, Rostany (or Rostaing) was made Count of Girona, the first one south of the Pyrenees. Besalú and Empúries were originally part of Girona. When Urgell and Cerdanya were conquered by Carolingian forces around 798, they were also made counties of the Hispanic March and Borrell was made count. He took a very active part in the subsequent conquest of Osona in 799 and the successful siege of Barcelona in 801. He was made count of Osona in 799, perhaps as a reward for his services. In 801, in the greatest military triumph of his long career, Louis the Pious, son of Charlamagne, took Barcelona from its Muslim rulers, making it the greatest city of the Hispanic March's littoral. The county of Barcelona was established and Bera was made its count. In 812, Count dilo of Girona (which included Besalú and Empúries) died and the county also passed to Bera.

In 804 and 805, Borrell participated in the expeditions to Tortosa, but not in the subsequent campaigns of 808 and 809. On Borrell's death in 820, Osona was given to Rampon and Urgell and Cerdanya went to Aznar Galíndez. Also in 820, Bera went into political disfavour and lost the countships of Barcelona and Girona, which also went to Rampon.

Around 813, Empúries became a separate county under Ermenguer, and in 817, it was united to the County of Roussillon. From 835 to 844, Sunyer I was count of Empúries and Peralada while Alaric I was count of Roussillon and Vallespir.

Besalú was made a separate county in 878 for Radulf on the condition that it pass to the heirs of Wilfred the Hairy on his death. It went to Miro I the Younger in 912.

Barcelona soon overshadowed the other counties in importance, especially during the reign of Wilfred the Hairy in the late 9th century. At that time, the power of the Carolingian Empire was waning and the neglected Hispanic March counties were practically independent of its royal authority. In the early 11th century, Berenguer Ramon I, Count of Barcelona, was able to submit to Sancho III of Navarre as his suzerain, even though he was still legally a vassal of Robert II of France. With the accession of Robert's father, Hugh Capet, the first non-Carolingian king, in 987, most of the counts refused to pay homage to the new dynasty. Over the next century, most of the counties were absorbed or became vassals of the County of Barcelona. In 1137, the Count of Barcelona Ramon Berenguer IV married the heiress of the Kingdom of Aragon, Petronella, uniting the County of Barcelona and its vassals with the Kingdom of Aragon to create the Crown of Aragon. Several of the later Aragonese kings re-created some of the counties as appanages for younger sons.

Catalan Counties and Viscounties

Catalan Counties Catalan Viscounties

Appointed rulers

Template:Sticky header

Hereditary Rulers

Catalan Counties under Bellonid dynasty

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Partitions of the Catalan counties under Bellonid/Barcelona domain

             
             
County of
Roussillon

(878-1172)
(Bellonid line)
County of
Empúries

(905-1402)
(Barcelona line
from 1325)
       County of
Barcelona

(878-1410)
(Barcelona line)
County of
Besalú

(988-1118)
County of
Cerdanya

(1st creation)
(897-1118)
      
County of
Urgell

(992-1413)[2]
County of
Forcalquier

(1129-1209)
       Barcelona joined by
the Kingdom of Aragon

(1137)
County of
Provence

(1127-1267)[3]
             
County of
Cerdanya

(2nd creation)
(1162-1344)[4]
Inherited by the
Kingdom of Naples
      
      
      
Annexed to the
Aragonese House
of Trastámara
Annexed to the Aragonese House of Trastámara

Table of rulers

Template:Sticky header

Catalan Counties under House of Pallars/Bigorre

(Note: According to some authors, the county of Pallars (and by extension Ribagorça) aren't exactly part of the Catalan group of counties[16] )

Partitions of the Catalan counties under Bigorre/Pallars dynasty domain

County of Pallars
(872-1011)
       County of
Ribagorça

(920-1017)
County of
Upper Pallars

(Pallars Sobirà)
(1011-1487)
[17]
      
County of
Lower Pallars

(Pallars Jussà)
(1011-1192)
Annexed to the
Taifa of Zaragoza
(1017-1018),
Pamplona
(1018-1035)
and Aragon
(from 1035)
Annexed to Aragon
(from 1192)

Table of rulers

Template:Sticky header

Successor families in the County of Upper Pallars

In 1229, Countess Guillema of Upper Pallars sold her domains to her husband Roger I (grandson of Template:Ill), with whom she had no children. The rights were transmitted to the children of Roger's other marriage, and as so with no close family connection with the Pallarese dynasty. However, if the Bigorre family and the Comminges family share an ancestor in the Ducal House of Gascony, they may have a distant relation.

In 1327, after the death of countess Sybilla, her inheritance went to her children, from the Mataplana family, which was dispossessed of the county in 1491.

Template:Sticky header

The House of Trastámara and successors

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

House of Trastámara (1412-1516) and the Catalan Civil War (1462-1472)

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Martin died without legitimate descendants (interregnum 31 May 1410 – 24 June 1412). By the Compromise of Caspe of 1412 the County of Barcelona and the rest of the dominions of the Crown of Aragon passed to a branch of the House of Trastamara.

Name Portrait Reign Notes
Ferdinand I the Honest File:Ferran d'Antequera al retaule Sancho de Rojas (detall).jpg 3 September 1412 – 2 April 1416 He was the nephew of Martin I and the first Count of Barcelona of the House of Trastámara.
Alphonse IV the Magnanimous File:Alfonso-V-el-Magnanimo.jpg 2 April 1416 – 27 June 1458 He was the son of Ferdinand I.
John II the Faithless or the Just File:John II of Aragon.png 27 June 1458 – 1462 He was the brother of Alphonse IV. The Catalans confronted him during the Catalan Civil War and in 1462 transferred the title of count to another Trastamara House pretender
During the Catalan Civil War, a war between the Catalan government and the king|John II, the Catalan authorities transferred the title of Count of Barcelona to a succession of 3 foreign sovereigns.
Henry I the Impotent
(House of Trastámara)
File:Henry IV of Castile ruled 1454-1474.jpg 1462 - 1463 He was the Ferdinand I grandson and thus also from the Trastámara House.
Peter IV of Portugal
(House of Aviz)
File:Huguet-RetauleCondestable-7244 (cropped).jpg 1463 – 1466 He was the greatgrandson of Peter III.
René I
(House of Valois-Anjou)
File:Le Roi René.PNG 1466 – 1472 He was the grandson of John the Hunter. He was also the Count of Provence.
After the Catalan Civil War, the House of Trastámara was restituted as tenants of the Count of Barcelona title and thus sovereigns of the Principality of Catalonia.
John II the Faithless or the Just File:John II of Aragon.png 1472 – 20 January 1479 He was the brother of Alphonse IV. The Catalans confronted him during the Catalan Civil War and afterward reinstated him as Count of Barcelona.
Ferdinand II File:Michel Sittow 004.jpg 20 January 1479 – 23 January 1516 He was the son of John II.
Joanna File:Juan de Flandes 003.jpg 23 January 1516 – 12 April 1555 She was the daughter of Ferdinand II. Her rule was nominal as it was his son Charles who co-ruler.

The Houses of Habsburg and Bourbon 1516-1808

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Name Portrait Reign Notes
Charles I (emperor) File:Emperor charles v.png 14 March 1516 – 12 April 1555 (as regent)
12 April 1555 – 16 January 1556 (as sole ruler)
He was the son of Queen Joanna and Philip I of Castile. Till the death of her mother, in 1555, he was regent but the de facto ruler. From 155 to 1556, he was the sole ruler. As he was not the Count (till her mother died) and had good relations with Catalan authorities, they awarded him the title of Prince of Catalonia.[24]
Philip I File:Portrait of Philip II of Spain by Sofonisba Anguissola - 002b.jpg 16 January 1556 – 13 September 1598 He was the son of Charles I.
Philip II File:Felipe III de España.jpg 13 September 1598 – 31 March 1621 He was the son of Philip I.
Philip III File:Philip IV of Spain - Velázquez 1644.jpg 31 March 1621 – 1641 He was the son of Philip II. He wanted to reduce the Catalan sovereignties, and the Catalan authorities confronted him during the Reapers' War. The title of Count of Barcelona was transferred by the Catalan Courts to the House of Bourbon in France.
Louis I
(Louis XIII of France)
27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643
File:Louis XIII (de Champaigne).jpg 1641–1643 During the Reapers' War, the States-General (Braços Generals) of the Principality of Catalonia on 21 January 1641 declared the French king Louis XIII Count of Barcelona as Louis I.[25][26]
Louis II
(Louis XIV of France)
5 September 1638 – 1 September 1715
File:Louis XIV by Juste d'Egmont.jpg 1643–1652 and 1697 He inherits the title of Count of Barcelona from his father during the Reapers' War. In 1652 he renounces the title in favor of Philip III in exchange for the Roussillon.
Philip III File:Philip IV of Spain - Velázquez 1644.jpg 1641 – 17 September 1665 He was the son of Philip II. He was reinstated as Count of Barcelona.
Charles II File:Carlos II de España, por Juan Carreño de Miranda (Museo del Prado).jpg 17 September 1665 – 1 November 1700 He was the son of Philip III. In 1697 the Duke of Vendôme briefly re-conquers Catalan capital city of Barcelona, and Louis XIV of France was reinstated as Count of Barcelona for some months. On January 9, 1698, Catalonia is returned to Charles II after signing the Treaty of Rijswijk.
Philip IV File:Felipe V; Rey de España.jpg 1700 – 1705 Philip was a great-grandson of Philip III, and Charles was a cousin of thesame king. Charles II's testament in favor of the former destabilized Western Europe because it meant too much power for the Kingdom of France. The rest of the European powers tried to impose another pretender to the Crown of Spain: the Archduke Charles of Austria. The Catalans were caught in the middle of this major conflict: the Spanish Succession War. They initially supported Philip of Anjou but afterward shifted their allegiance towards Archduke Charles, who was committed to maintaining the composite monarchy system and thus respect the Catalan Constitutions. In 1714, Philip owned the Spanish possessions of the Habsburgs.
Charles III File:Carles-III-de-Catalunya.jpg 1705 – 1714

House of Bourbon (Spanish branch) 1714-1808

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". In 1714, Catalonia, which had backed the Habsburg pretender to the Spanish crown Archduke Charles of Austria, was defeated in the War of the Spanish Succession by the Bourbon forces supporting Philip of Anjou's claim to the Spanish crown. Through the Nueva Planta decrees, the new Bourbon king of Spain Philip V abolished the Catalan Constitutions and merged the Crown of Aragon and the Crown of Castile to form the Kingdom of Spain. The Principality of Catalonia became another province and thus the title of the Count of Barcelona was emptied of real political power.

Since then, the numbering of the Counts of Barcelona, which had followed that of the Crown of Aragon, followed that of the former Crown of Castille. That is the reason why Philip of Anjou was called by the Catalan authorities 'Felip IV' in 1702 but called himself 'Felipe V' when he seized the title of the Count of Barcelona in 1714, after defeating the Habsburg pretender and his Catalan backers.

House of Bonaparte 1808-1813

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". In 1808 Charles IV and his son Ferdinand resign from their Crown of Spain titles and transfer them to Emperor Napoleon, who kept for himself the title of Count of Barcelona. By 1812, once he had full military control over the Principality of Catalonia, he separated it from the Crown of Spain and annexed it to the French Empire.

Name Portrait Reign Notes
Napoleon I, Emperor File:Napoleon in Coronation Robes by François Gérard.jpg 1808–1813 Napoleon annexed Catalonia to the French Empire as 4 new departments. In 1813, after much fighting, it was returned to Spain.

House of Bourbon (Reannexation to Spain) 1813-1931; 1975-present day

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". After the Napoleonic Wars, Barcelona returned to Spanish domain. During the 2nd Spanish Republic and Francoist Dictatorship the Bourbons remained in exile and retained their dynastic titles, including 'Count of Barcelona'. Although on 26 July 1947, Spain was declared a kingdom, no monarch was designated until 1969, when Franco established Juan Carlos of Bourbon as his official heir-apparent. With the death of Franco on 20 November 1975, Juan Carlos became the King of Spain.

Name Portrait Reign Notes
John III
(Juan III)
File:J. de Borbón.jpg 1977–1993 claimed the title from 1941; officially granted by his son Juan Carlos I as a courtesy in exchange for renouncing his claim to the Spanish throne

Timeline

Template:The monarchs of the Iberian Peninsula <timeline> ImageSize = width:auto height:1800 barincrement:116 PlotArea = top:20 left:40 bottom:20 right:0 Period = from:858 till:1525 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = early Colors =

 id:linecolor   value:rgb(0.62,0.62,0.94)
 id:am      value:rgb(1,1,0.8) #groc clar
 id:ve      value:rgb(0.8,1,0.8) #verd clar
 id:ce      value:rgb(0.8,0.92,1) #blau clar
 id:li      value:rgb(0.8,0.6,1) #lila  
 id:tr      value:rgb(1,0.8,0) #taronja
 id:gr2      value:rgb(0.86,0.86,0.86) #gris clar
 id:gr1      value:rgb(0.69,0.69,0.69) #gris fosc
 id:gr      value:rgb(1,1,0) #groc
 id:az      value:rgb(0.4,0.6,1) #blau
 id:ro      value:rgb(1,0.6,0.8) #rosa  
 id:cab      value:rgb(1,0.93,0.8) #rosa capçalera
 id:sa      value:rgb(1,0.8,0.6) #salmo
 id:jo      value:red

TextData =

 pos:(230,1765) textcolor:red fontsize:14  text:Chronology of the Catalan Counties


ScaleMajor = gridcolor:linecolor unit:year increment:25 start:858 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:3 start:858 DateFormat = yyyy

PlotData=

 width:99 mark:(line,white) align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,1)

  1. --- CAPÇALERES
 bar:Empúries from:1510 till:1515 shift:(0,-4) fontsize:10  color:cab text:Empúries
 bar:Roselló from:1510 till:1515 shift:(0,-4) fontsize:10  color:cab text:Roussillon
 bar:Barcelona from:1510 till:1515 shift:(0,-4) fontsize:10  color:cab text:Barcelona
 bar:Girona from:1510 till:1515 shift:(0,-4) fontsize:10  color:cab text:Girona
 bar:Besalú from:1510 till:1515 shift:(0,-4) fontsize:10  color:cab text:Besalú
 bar:Cerdanya from:1510 till:1515 shift:(0,-4) fontsize:10  color:cab text:Cerdagne
 bar:Urgell from:1510 till:1515 shift:(0,-4) fontsize:10  color:cab text:Urgell
  1. ---




 bar:Empúries from:862 till:915 color:ce text:Sunyer II~862-915
  bar:Empúries from:915 till:916 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ro text:Benció »916
  bar:Empúries from:915 till:931 color:am text:Gausbert I~915-931
  bar:Empúries from:931 till:991 color:li text:Gausfred I~931-991
  bar:Empúries from:991 till:1040 color:sa text:Hug I~991-1040
  bar:Empúries from:1040 till:1078 color:gr1 text:Ponç I~1040-1078
  bar:Empúries from:1078 till:1116 color:ve text:Hug II~1078-1116
  bar:Empúries from:1116 till:1154 color:gr1 text:Ponç II~1116-1154
  bar:Empúries from:1154 till:1173 color:az text:Hug III~1154-1173
  bar:Empúries from:1173 till:1200 color:gr1 text:Ponç III~1173-1200
  bar:Empúries from:1200 till:1230 color:gr2 text:Hug IV~1200-1230
  bar:Empúries from:1230 till:1269 color:gr1 text:Ponç IV~1230-1269
  bar:Empúries from:1269 till:1277 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:S  color:gr2 text:Hug V »1277
  bar:Empúries from:1277 till:1313 color:gr1 text:Ponç V~1277-1313
  bar:Empúries from:1313 till:1322 shift:(0,-8)  color:gr2 text:Ponç VI  »1322
  bar:Empúries from:1322 till:1322 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:gr1 text:Marquesa d'Empúries »1322
  bar:Empúries from:1322 till:1325 shift:(0,+10)  fontsize:XS  color:am text:Hug VI »1325
  bar:Empúries from:1325 till:1341 color:gr1 text:Pere I~1325-1341
  bar:Empúries from:1341 till:1364 color:gr2 text:Ramon Berenguer I ~1341-1364
  bar:Empúries from:1364 till:1386 color:li text:Joan I~1364-1386
  bar:Empúries from:1386 till:1387 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ce text:Pere II »1387
  bar:Empúries from:1387 till:1398 shift:(0,-3)  color:li text:Joan I »1398
  bar:Empúries from:1398 till:1401 shift:(-10,-5)  fontsize:XS  color:gr2 text:Joan II  »1401
  bar:Empúries from:1401 till:1402 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:gr1 text:Pere III »1402
  bar:Empúries from:1402 till:1402 shift:(+10,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:gr2 text:Joana de Rocabertí »1402
  bar:Empúries from:1402 till:1410 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:S  color:az text:Martí I l'Humà »1410
  bar:Empúries from:1410 till:1430 color:jo text:___
  bar:Empúries at:1420  textcolor:white fontsize:9 text:Passa al rei de la~Corona d'Aragó
  bar:Roselló from:878 till:896 color:gr2 text:Miró I~878-896
  bar:Roselló from:896 till:915 color:ce text:Sunyer II~896-915
  bar:Roselló from:915 till:916 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ro text:Benció »916
  bar:Roselló from:915 till:931 color:am text:Gausbert I~915-931
  bar:Roselló from:931 till:991 color:li text:Gausfred I~931-991
  bar:Roselló from:991 till:1013 color:gr2 text:Guislabert I~991-1013
  bar:Roselló from:1013 till:1074 color:tr text:Gausfred II~1013-1074
  bar:Roselló from:1074 till:1102 color:gr2 text:Guislabert II~1074-1102
  bar:Roselló from:1102 till:1113 shift:(0,-3)  color:gr1 text:Girard I »1113
  bar:Roselló from:1113 till:1164 color:gr2 text:Gausfred III~1113-1164
  bar:Roselló from:1164 till:1172 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:S  color:gr1 text:Girard II »1172
  bar:Roselló from:1172 till:1185 color:ve text:Alfons I~1172-1185
  bar:Roselló from:1185 till:1223 color:am text:Sanç I~1185-1223
  bar:Roselló from:1223 till:1242 color:ro text:Nunó I~1223-1242
  bar:Roselló from:1242 till:1276 color:gr text:Jaume I~1242-1276
  bar:Roselló from:1276 till:1285 shift:(0,-3)  color:gr2 text:Jaume II »1285
  bar:Roselló from:1285 till:1295 shift:(0,-3)  color:tr text:Alfons el Franc »1295
  bar:Roselló from:1295 till:1311 color:gr2 text:Jaume II~1295-1311
  bar:Roselló from:1311 till:1324 shift:(0,-3)  color:az text:Sanç I »1324
  bar:Roselló from:1324 till:1349 color:gr2 text:Jaume III~1324-1349
  bar:Roselló from:1349 till:1375 color:gr1 text:Jaume IV~1349-1375
  bar:Roselló from:1375 till:1400 color:jo text:___
  bar:Roselló at:1388  textcolor:white fontsize:9 text:Passa al rei de la~Corona d'Aragó
  bar:Barcelona from:878 till:897 color:gr text:Guifré I el Pelós~878-897
  bar:Barcelona from:897 till:911 shift:(0,-3)  color:gr2 text:Guifré II »911
  bar:Barcelona from:911 till:947 color:gr1 text:Sunyer I~911-947
  bar:Barcelona from:947 till:992 color:ve text:Borrell II~947-992
  bar:Barcelona from:992 till:1017 color:gr1 text:Ramon Borrell III~992-1017
  bar:Barcelona from:1017 till:1035 color:gr2 text:Berenguer Ramon I~1017-1035
  bar:Barcelona from:1035 till:1076 color:gr1 text:Ramon Berenguer I~1035-1076
  bar:Barcelona from:1076 till:1082 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:gr text:Ramon Berenguer II »1082
  bar:Barcelona from:1082 till:1097 color:gr1 text:Berenguer Ramon II~1082-1097
  bar:Barcelona from:1097 till:1131 color:az text:Ramon Berenguer III~1097-1131
  bar:Barcelona from:1131 till:1162 color:sa text:Ramon Berenguer IV~1131-1162
  bar:Barcelona from:1162 till:1196 color:ve text:Alfons I~1162-1196
  bar:Barcelona from:1196 till:1213 color:gr1 text:Pere I~1196-1213
  bar:Barcelona from:1213 till:1276 color:gr text:Jaume I~1213-1276
  bar:Barcelona from:1276 till:1285 shift:(0,-3)  color:gr1 text:Pere II »1285
  bar:Barcelona from:1285 till:1291 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:tr text:Alfons II »1291
  bar:Barcelona from:1291 till:1327 color:gr1 text:Jaume II~1291-1327
  bar:Barcelona from:1327 till:1336 shift:(0,-3)  color:sa text:Alfons III »1336
  bar:Barcelona from:1336 till:1387 color:ce text:Pere III~1336-1387
  bar:Barcelona from:1387 till:1396 shift:(0,-3)  color:gr2 text:Joan I »1396
  bar:Barcelona from:1396 till:1410 shift:(0,-3)  color:az text:Martí I l'Humà »1410
  bar:Barcelona from:1410 till:1416 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:S  color:gr text:Ferran I »1416
  bar:Barcelona from:1416 till:1458 color:gr1 text:Alfons IV~1416-1458
  bar:Barcelona from:1458 till:1479 color:gr2 text:Joan II~1458-1479
  bar:Barcelona from:1479 till:1498 color:jo text:___
  bar:Barcelona at:1489  textcolor:white fontsize:9 text:Passa al rei de la~Corona d'Aragó
  bar:Girona from:878 till:897 color:gr text:Guifré I el Pelós~878-897
  bar:Girona from:897 till:922 color:jo text:___
  bar:Girona at:910  textcolor:white fontsize:9 text:Passa al comte~de Barcelona
  bar:Besalú from:860 till:870 color:jo text:[[|___]]
  bar:Besalú at:865  textcolor:white fontsize:9 text:Junt amb Girona~fins 870
  bar:Besalú from:870 till:897 color:gr text:Guifré I el Pelós~870-897
  bar:Besalú from:897 till:913 color:gr2 text:Radulf I~897-913
  bar:Besalú from:913 till:927 shift:(0,-3)  color:ro text:Miró I »927
  bar:Besalú from:927 till:957 color:gr2 text:Guifré II~927-957
  bar:Besalú from:957 till:968 shift:(0,-3)  color:az text:Sunifred II »968
  bar:Besalú from:968 till:984 color:sa text:Miró II~966-984
  bar:Besalú from:984 till:988 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:am text:Oliba Cabreta »988
  bar:Besalú from:988 till:1020 color:gr1 text:Bernat I~988-1020
  bar:Besalú from:1020 till:1052 color:gr2 text:Guillem I~1020-1052
  bar:Besalú from:1052 till:1066 shift:(0,-3)  color:gr1 text:Guillem II »1066
  bar:Besalú from:1066 till:1097 color:gr2 text:Bernat II~1066-1097
  bar:Besalú from:1097 till:1111 shift:(0,-3)  color:gr1 text:Bernat III  »1111
  bar:Besalú from:1111 till:1135 color:jo text:___
  bar:Besalú at:1123  textcolor:white fontsize:9 text:Passa al comte~de Barcelona
  bar:Cerdanya from:870 till:897 color:gr text:Guifré I el Pelós~870-897
  bar:Cerdanya from:897 till:927 color:ro text:Miró II~897-927
  bar:Cerdanya from:927 till:968 color:az text:Sunifred II~927-968
  bar:Cerdanya from:968 till:984 color:sa text:Miró III~968-984
  bar:Cerdanya from:968 till:984 color:sa text:Miró III~968-984
  bar:Cerdanya from:984 till:988 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:am text:Oliba Cabreta »988
  bar:Cerdanya from:988 till:1035 color:ce text:Guifré II~988-1035
  bar:Cerdanya from:1035 till:1068 color:ro text:Ramon I~1035-1068
  bar:Cerdanya from:1068 till:1095 color:gr1 text:Guillem I~1068-1095
  bar:Cerdanya from:1095 till:1109 shift:(0,-3)  color:gr2 text:Guillem II »1109
  bar:Cerdanya from:1109 till:1118 shift:(0,-3)  color:li text:Bernat I »1118
  bar:Cerdanya from:1118 till:1131 shift:(0,-3)  color:az text:Ramon Berenguer III~1118-1131
  bar:Cerdanya from:1131 till:1162 color:sa text:Ramon Berenguer IV~1131-1162
  bar:Cerdanya from:1162 till:1168 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:S  color:gr2 text:Pere I »1168
  bar:Cerdanya from:1168 till:1223 color:am text:Sanç I~1168-1212
  bar:Cerdanya from:1223 till:1242 color:ro text:Nunó I~1223-1242
  bar:Cerdanya from:1242 till:1265 color:jo text:___
  bar:Cerdanya at:1253  textcolor:white fontsize:9 text:Passa al comte~de Barcelona
  bar:Urgell from:870 till:897 color:gr text:Guifré I el Pelós~870-897
  bar:Urgell from:897 till:948 color:gr2 text:Sunifred II~897-948
  bar:Urgell from:948 till:992 color:ve text:Borrell II~948-992
  bar:Urgell from:992 till:1011 color:gr2 text:Ermengol I~992-1011
  bar:Urgell from:1011 till:1038 color:gr1 text:Ermengol II~1011-1038
  bar:Urgell from:1038 till:1066 color:gr2 text:Ermengol III~1038-1066
  bar:Urgell from:1066 till:1092 color:az text:Ermengol IV~1066-1092
  bar:Urgell from:1092 till:1102 shift:(0,-3)  color:gr1 text:Ermengol V »1102
  bar:Urgell from:1102 till:1154 color:gr2 text:Ermengol VI~1102-1154
  bar:Urgell from:1154 till:1184 color:tr text:Ermengol VII~1154-1184
  bar:Urgell from:1184 till:1209 color:gr1 text:Ermengol VIII~1184-1209
  bar:Urgell from:1209 till:1231 shift:(0,-8) color:gr2 text:Aurembiaix~1209-1231
  bar:Urgell width:70 from:1229 till:1231 shift:(0,-7) color:li text:Pere I»1231
  bar:Urgell from:1228 till:1243 color:gr text:Ponç I~1228-1243
  bar:Urgell from:1243 till:1243 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:gr2 text:Ermengol IX »1243
  bar:Urgell from:1243 till:1268 color:gr1 text:Àlvar I~1243-1268
  bar:Urgell from:1268 till:1314 color:gr2 text:Ermengol X~1268-1314
  bar:Urgell from:1314 till:1327 shift:(-8,-3)  color:gr1 text:Teresa d'Entença »1327
  bar:Urgell from:1327 till:1348 color:am text:Jaume I~1328-1347
  bar:Urgell from:1348 till:1348 fontsize:S color:li text:Cecília I »1348
     bar:Urgell from:1348 till:1408 color:gr1 text:Pere II~1348-1408
  bar:Urgell from:1408 till:1413 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:S  color:gr2 text:Jaume II »1413
  bar:Urgell from:1413 till:1435 color:jo text:___
  bar:Urgell at:1424  textcolor:white fontsize:9 text:Passa al rei de la~Corona d'Aragó


</timeline> <timeline> ImageSize = width:auto height:800 barincrement:116 PlotArea = top:05 left:40 bottom:22 right:0 Period = from:785 till:915 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = early Colors =

 id:linecolor   value:rgb(0.62,0.62,0.94)
 id:am      value:rgb(1,1,0.8) #groc clar
 id:ve      value:rgb(0.8,1,0.8) #verd clar
 id:ce      value:rgb(0.8,0.92,1) #blau clar
 id:li      value:rgb(0.8,0.6,1) #lila  
 id:tr      value:rgb(1,0.8,0) #taronja
 id:gr2      value:rgb(0.86,0.86,0.86) #gris clar
 id:gr1      value:rgb(0.69,0.69,0.69) #gris fosc
 id:gr      value:rgb(1,1,0) #groc
 id:az      value:rgb(0.4,0.6,1) #blau
 id:ro      value:rgb(1,0.6,0.8) #rosa  
 id:cab      value:rgb(1,0.93,0.8) #rosa capçalera
 id:sa      value:rgb(1,0.8,0.6) #salmo
 id:jo      value:red

TextData =

 pos:(240,770) textcolor:red fontsize:10  text:Comtats catalans (Abans del 900)


ScaleMajor = gridcolor:linecolor unit:year increment:5 start:785 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:2 start:785 DateFormat = yyyy

PlotData=

 width:99 mark:(line,white) align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,1)
  bar:Empúries from:813 till:817 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:gr2 text:Ermenguer~813-817
  bar:Empúries from:817 till:832 color:gr1 text:Gaucelm~817-832
  bar:Empúries from:832 till:834 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ve text:Berenguer »834
  bar:Empúries from:834 till:841 color:ro text:Sunyer I~834-841
  bar:Empúries from:841 till:844 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:gr2 text:Alaric I »844
  bar:Empúries from:844 till:848 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ro text:Sunyer I~844-848
  bar:Empúries from:848 till:850 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:am text:Guillem Septimània »850
  bar:Empúries from:850 till:852 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:li text:Aleran / Isembard »852
  bar:Empúries from:852 till:858 color:sa text:Odalric~852-858
  bar:Empúries from:858 till:862 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ve text:Humfrid~858-862
  bar:Empúries from:862 till:915 color:ce text:Sunyer II~862-915
  bar:Roselló from:812 till:832 color:gr1 text:Gaucelm~812-832
  bar:Roselló from:832 till:835 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ve text:Berenguer »835
  bar:Roselló from:835 till:844 color:tr text:Bernat Septimània~835-841
  bar:Roselló from:844 till:848 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ro text:Sunyer I~844-848
  bar:Roselló from:848 till:850 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:am text:Guillem Septimània »850
  bar:Roselló from:850 till:852 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:li text:Aleran / Isembard »852
  bar:Roselló from:852 till:858 color:sa text:Odalric~852-858
  bar:Roselló from:858 till:862 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ve text:Humfrid~858-862
  bar:Roselló from:862 till:878 color:tr text:Bernat Gòtia~862-878
  bar:Roselló from:878 till:896 color:gr2 text:Miró I~878-896
  bar:Barcelona from:801 till:820 color:ce text:Berà~801-820
  bar:Barcelona from:820 till:825 shift:(0,-3)  color:ro text:Rampó~820-825
  bar:Barcelona from:825 till:832 color:tr text:Bernat Septimània~826-832
  bar:Barcelona from:832 till:835 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ve text:Berenguer »835
  bar:Barcelona from:835 till:844 color:tr text:Bernat Septimània~835-844
  bar:Barcelona from:844 till:848 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:sa text:Sunifred I~844-848
  bar:Barcelona from:848 till:850 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:am text:Guillem Septimània »850
  bar:Barcelona from:850 till:852 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:li text:Aleran / Isembard »852
  bar:Barcelona from:852 till:858 color:sa text:Odalric~852-858
  bar:Barcelona from:858 till:865 color:ve text:Humfrid~858-864
  bar:Barcelona from:865 till:878 color:tr text:Bernat Gòtia~865-878
  bar:Barcelona from:878 till:897 color:gr text:Guifré I el Pelós~878-897
  bar:Girona from:785 till:811 color:gr2 text:Rostany~785-811
  bar:Girona from:811 till:817 color:gr1 text:Odiló~811-817
  bar:Girona from:817 till:820 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ce text:Berà »820
  bar:Girona from:820 till:825 shift:(0,-3)  color:ro text:Rampó~820-825
  bar:Girona from:825 till:832 color:tr text:Bernat Septimània~826-832
  bar:Girona from:832 till:835 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ve text:Berenguer »835
  bar:Girona from:835 till:844 color:tr text:Bernat Septimània~835-844
  bar:Girona from:844 till:848 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:sa text:Sunifred I~844-848
  bar:Girona from:848 till:852 shift:(0,-3)  color:gr1 text:Guifré I~848-852
  bar:Girona from:852 till:858 color:sa text:Odalric~852-858
  bar:Girona from:858 till:862 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ve text:Humfrid~858-862
  bar:Girona from:862 till:870 color:gr2 text:Otger ~862-870
  bar:Girona from:870 till:878 color:tr text:Bernat Gòtia~870-878
  bar:Girona from:878 till:897 color:gr text:Guifré I el Pelós~878-897
  bar:Besalú from:870 till:897 color:gr text:Guifré I el Pelós~870-897
  bar:Besalú from:860 till:870 color:jo text:[[|___]]
  bar:Besalú at:865  textcolor:white fontsize:9 text:Junt amb Girona~fins 870
  bar:Cerdanya from:798 till:820 color:am text:Borrell I~798-820
  bar:Cerdanya from:820 till:824 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ve text:Asnar I Galí~820-824
  bar:Cerdanya from:824 till:834 color:az text:Galí I Asnar~824-834
  bar:Cerdanya from:834 till:848 color:sa text:Sunifred I~834-848
  bar:Cerdanya from:848 till:870 color:ce text:Salomó I~848-869
  bar:Cerdanya from:870 till:897 color:gr text:Guifré I el Pelós~870-897
  bar:Urgell from:798 till:820 color:am text:Borrell I~798-820
  bar:Urgell from:820 till:824 shift:(0,-3)  fontsize:XS  color:ve text:Asnar I Galí~820-824
  bar:Urgell from:824 till:834 color:az text:Galí I Asnar~824-834
  bar:Urgell from:834 till:848 color:sa text:Sunifred I~834-848
  bar:Urgell from:848 till:870 color:ce text:Salomó I~848-869
  bar:Urgell from:870 till:897 color:gr text:Guifré I el Pelós~870-897

</timeline>

References

Template:Reflist

Sources

  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

External links

Template:Spanish Kingdoms

  1. Lewis, Archibald Ross. The Development of Southern French and Catalan Society, 718–1050. University of Texas Press: Austin, 1965.
  2. Between 1231 and 1327, Urgell was in possession of the House of Cabrera.
  3. Not originally part of the group of the Catalan counties, Provence was inherited by the House of Barcelona through marriage.
  4. From 1276 united with Kingdom of Majorca
  5. Fidel Fita i Colomer: Boletín de la Real Academia de la Historia, tomo 40 (1902): Principado de Cataluña - Razón de este nombre: Ya en las cortes del año 1064, que son las primeras de la colección académica, aparece en el Usaje 65 con el nombre de Principado la demarcación del territorio al que entonces se aplicaba, es decir al de la vieja Cataluña ó al de los tres condados de Barcelona, Ausona y Gerona, que regían como soberanos D. Ramon Berenguer I y su mujer Doña Almodis
  6. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. William II was engaged with Lucie de La Marche in 1054, but the marriage agreement was not fulfilled.
  8. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. Between 1159 and 1162, Alfonso was engaged with Mafalda of Portugal, but the agreement was not fulfilled,
  10. The origins of Elvira have been subject to recent scholarly reevaluation. She was once identified as daughter of Manrique Pérez de Lara, but Canal Sánchez-Pagín showed that Ermengol's wife was Elvira Pérez, daughter of Pedro Alfonso of Asturias. However, Sánchez de Mora has presented evidence that Aurembiaix was close kin to the Lara family and suggests that a documented countess Elvira Nuñez de Lara, daughter of Nuño Pérez de Lara, was in fact a second wife of Ermengol, to whom he married after the death of Elvira Pérez, and that Aurembiaix was her daughter. Sánchez de Mora, pp. 300-305.
  11. She abdicated for her son in 1209, but as he was a minor until 1220, she can be considered the de facto ruler until 1220
  12. Aurembiaix was engaged with James I of Aragon in 1209, but the marriage contract was not fulfilled.
  13. James was engaged with Aurembiaix, Countess of Urgell in 1209, but the marriage agreement was not fulfilled.
  14. Alfonso III died while Eleanor was travelling to Aragon
  15. John was engaged with Jeanne-Blanche of France in 1370-1371, but the marriage agreement was not fulfilled.
  16. Whether Pallars is referred to as a part of Catalonia or not depends on the author. Lewis, passim, treats it as independent of Catalonia proper.
  17. Upper Pallars came to be inherited by the House of Comminges (1229-1330) and the Mataplana family (1330-1487)
  18. Textos navarros del Codice de Roda, cap. 27, pag. 55, nota 27 (Regemundus)
  19. Martínez Díez, Gonzalo. (2007). Sancho III el Mayor : Rey de Pamplona, Rex Ibericus. Marcial Pons Ediciones de Historia. ISBN 978-84-15817-42-0. OCLC 847412670.
  20. Template:Ca Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. Araldicasardegna: Alagón
  22. #ES Enciclopèdia.cat: Valença I de Pallars-Jussà
  23. #ES Valença I de Pallars-Jussà
  24. Testamento de Carlos V, Template:ISBN
  25. Grau, Jaume. Pau Claris. Una vida amb misteris (in Catalan). Sàpiens [Barcelona], núm. 121, octubre 2012, p.54-57. Template:Catalog lookup linkScript error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".
  26. Gelderen, Martin van; Skinner, Quentin (2002). Republicanism: Volume 1, Republicanism and Constitutionalism in Early Modern Europe: A Shared European Heritage. Cambridge University Press. p. 284. Template:ISBN