Carbon subsulfide
Template:Short description Template:Chembox
Carbon subsulfide is an organic, sulfur-containing chemical compound with the formula Template:Chem2 and structure Template:Chem2. This deep red liquid is immiscible with water but soluble in organic solvents. It readily polymerizes at room temperature to form a hard black solid.
Synthesis and structure
C3S2 was discovered by Template:Ill,[1] who assigned it an unsymmetrical structure. Later, infrared and Raman spectroscopy showed that the structure is symmetrical with a D∞h point group symmetry,[2] i.e. S=C=C=C=S. This compound is analogous to carbon suboxide whose structure is O=C=C=C=O.
Lengyel first synthesized this compound by passing carbon disulfide (CS2) vapor through an electric arc with carbon electrodes. This treatment produced a black solution that after filtration and evaporation gave a cherry-red liquid. He determined the molecular mass by cryoscopy. Later preparations of C3S2 include thermolysis of a stream of CS2 in a quartz tube heated to 900 to 1100 °C as well as flash vacuum pyrolysis (FVP) of 1,2-dithiole-3-thiones.[3]
Reactions and occurrence
Among its few known reactions, C3S2 reacts with bromine to form the cyclic disulfide.[4]
C3S2 polymerizes under applied pressure to give a black semi-conducting solid. A similar pressure-induced polymerization of CS2 also gives a black semiconducting polymer.
In addition, reactions of C3S2 can yield highly condensed sulfur-containing compounds, e.g. the reaction of C3S2 with 2-aminopyridine.
Using microwave spectroscopy, small CnS2 clusters have been detected in interstellar medium.[5] The rotational transitions of these molecular carbon sulfides matched with the corresponding molecules.
References
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