Carbamoyl phosphate synthase II

Template:Short description Template:Infobox enzyme Template:Protein Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (glutamine-hydrolysing) (Template:EnzExplorer) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reactions that produce carbamoyl phosphate in the cytosol (as opposed to type I, which functions in the mitochondria). Its systemic name is hydrogen-carbonate:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating).

In pyrimidine biosynthesis, it serves as the rate-limiting enzyme and catalyzes the following reaction:

2 ATP + L-glutamine + HCO₃⁻ + H₂O $\rightleftharpoons$ 2 ADP + phosphate + L-glutamate + carbamoyl phosphate (overall reaction)

(1a) L-glutamine + H₂O $\rightleftharpoons$ L-glutamate + NH₃

(1b) 2 ATP + HCO₃⁻ + NH₃ $\rightleftharpoons$ 2 ADP + phosphate + carbamoyl phosphate

It is activated by ATP and PRPP and it is inhibited by UTP (Uridine triphosphate) Neither CPSI nor CPSII require biotin as a coenzyme, as seen with most carboxylation reactions.

It is one of the four functional enzymatic domains coded by the CAD gene. The CAD gene is a large gene. It uses a single strand to code for these enzyme jobs. It is classified under EC 6.3.5.5.

See also

• Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I
• Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase III

External links

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