Camp David

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "about". Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Camp David is a Script error: No such module "convert". country retreat for the president of the United States. It lies in the wooded hills of Catoctin Mountain Park, in Frederick County, Maryland, near the towns of Thurmont and Emmitsburg, about Script error: No such module "convert". north-northwest of the national capital city, Washington, D.C.[1][2][3] It is code-named Naval Support Facility Thurmont. Technically a military installation, it is staffed primarily by the Seabees, the Civil Engineer Corps (CEC), the United States Navy, and the United States Marine Corps. Naval construction battalions are tasked with Camp David construction and send detachments as needed.

Originally known as Hi-Catoctin, Camp David was built as a retreat for federal government agents and their families by the Works Progress Administration.[4] Construction started in 1935 and was completed in 1938.[5] In 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt converted it to a presidential retreat and renamed it "Shangri-La", after the fictional Himalayan paradise.[4] Camp David received its present name in 1953 from President Dwight D. Eisenhower, in honor of his father and his grandson, both named David.[6]

The Catoctin Mountain Park does not indicate the location of Camp David on park maps due to privacy and security concerns,[3] although it can be seen through the use of publicly accessible satellite images, and is also viewable on certain public web mapping services like Google Maps.

Presidential use

File:Churchill-FDR-Shangri-La-1943.jpg
Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt at Shangri-La, May 1943

Camp David has been used to host private diplomatic meetings with foreign leaders and heads of state since at least World War II. Franklin D. Roosevelt hosted Winston Churchill at Shangri-La in May 1943, during World War II.[7] Dwight Eisenhower held his first post heart-attack cabinet meeting there on November 22, 1955, following hospitalization and convalescence he required after a heart attack suffered in Denver, Colorado, on September 24.[8] Eisenhower met Nikita Khrushchev there for two days of discussions in September 1959.[9]

File:JFK & Kids with horse at Camp David, 1963.png
President Kennedy, John F. Kennedy Jr., Caroline Kennedy (riding "Tex"). Camp David, MD.

John F. Kennedy and his family often enjoyed riding and other recreational activities there, and Kennedy often allowed White House staff and Cabinet members to use the retreat when he or his family were not there.[10] Lyndon B. Johnson met with advisors in this setting and hosted both Australian prime minister Harold Holt and Canadian prime minister Lester B. Pearson there.[11] Richard Nixon was a frequent visitor. He personally directed the construction of a swimming pool and other improvements to Aspen Lodge.[12] Gerald Ford hosted Indonesian president Suharto at Camp David.[13]

File:Ronald Reagan Jose Lopez Portillo Camp David 1981.jpg
U.S. president Ronald Reagan (left) and Mexican president José López Portillo (right) riding horses in Camp David, Maryland

Jimmy Carter initially favored closing Camp David in order to save money, but once he visited the retreat, he decided to keep it.[14] Carter brokered the Camp David Accords there in September 1978 between Egyptian president Anwar al-Sadat and Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin.[7] Ronald Reagan visited the retreat more than any other president.[15] In 1984, Reagan hosted British prime minister Margaret Thatcher.[16] Reagan restored the nature trails that Nixon paved over so he could horseback ride at Camp David.[17] George H. W. Bush's daughter, Dorothy Bush Koch, was married there in 1992, in the first wedding held at Camp David.[18] During his tenure as president, Bill Clinton spent every Thanksgiving at Camp David with his family.Template:Sfn In July 2000, he hosted the 2000 Camp David Summit negotiations between Israeli prime minister Ehud Barak and Palestinian Authority chairman Yasser Arafat there.[19][20]

In February 2001, George W. Bush held his first meeting with a European leader, British prime minister Tony Blair, at Camp David, to discuss missile defense, Iraq, and NATO.[21] After the September 11 attacks, Bush held a Cabinet meeting at Camp David to prepare the United States invasion of Afghanistan.[22] During his two terms in office, Bush visited Camp David 149 times, for a total of 487 days, for hosting foreign visitors as well as a personal retreat.Template:Sfn He met Blair there four times.Template:Sfn Among the numerous other foreign leaders he hosted at Camp DavidTemplate:Sfn were Russian president Vladimir Putin[23][24] and President Musharraf of Pakistan in 2003,[25] Danish prime minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen in June 2006,[19] and British prime minister Gordon Brown in 2007.[26]

Barack Obama chose Camp David to host the 38th G8 summit in 2012.[27] President Obama also hosted Russian prime minister Dmitry Medvedev at Camp David,[28] as well as the GCC Summit there in 2015.[29]

Donald Trump hosted Senate majority leader Mitch McConnell and Speaker of the House Paul Ryan at Camp David while the Republican Party prepared to defend both houses of Congress in the 2018 midterm elections.[30] Trump also planned to meet with the Taliban at Camp David to negotiate a peace agreement in 2019, but refrained after a suicide bombing in Kabul killed US troops.[31][32] The 46th G7 summit was to be held at Camp David on June 10–12, 2020, but was cancelled due to health concerns during what was at the time considered the height of the COVID-19 pandemic.[33]

Joe Biden hosted the U.S.–Japan–Korea Summit with Japanese prime minister Fumio Kishida and South Korean president Yoon Suk Yeol at Camp David in August 2023, resulting in the declaration of the Camp David Principles on trilateral relations between the U.S., Japan, and South Korea.[34]

Count of visits by each president

Presidential visits to Camp David[15]
President No. of visits Years in office
Roosevelt Unknown 1933–1945
Truman 10 1945–1953
Eisenhower 45 1953–1961
Kennedy 19 1961–1963
Johnson 30 1963–1969
Nixon 160 1969–1974
Ford 29 1974–1977
Carter 99 1977–1981
Reagan 189 1981–1989
G. H. W. Bush 124 1989–1993
Clinton 60 1993–2001
G. W. Bush 150 2001–2009
Obama 39 2009–2017
Trump 15 (first term) 2017–2021
1 (second term)[35] 2025–present
Biden 39 2021–2025

Practice golf facility

To be able to play his favorite sport, President Eisenhower had golf course architect Robert Trent Jones design a practice golf facility at Camp David. Around 1954, Jones built one golf hole—a par 3—with four different tees; Eisenhower added a Script error: No such module "convert". driving range near the helicopter landing zone.[36]

Security incidents

File:Baltimore-Washington TAC 84.png
Aviation chart showing restricted airspace in the Washington DC area. Camp David is the light circle to the north.

On July 2, 2011, an F-15 intercepted a civilian aircraft approximately Script error: No such module "convert". from Camp David, when President Obama was in the residence. The two-seater, which was out of radio communication, was escorted to nearby Hagerstown, Maryland, without incident.[37]

On July 10, 2011, an F-15 intercepted another small plane near Camp David when Obama was again in the residence; a total of three were intercepted that weekend.[38]

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ "Park Map Viewer". Catoctin Mountain Park. Retrieved on February 4, 2011.
  2. ↑ "Thurmont town, Maryland Template:Webarchive". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on February 4, 2011.
  3. ↑ a b "Frequently Asked Questions". Catoctin Mountain Park, Retrieved on February 4, 2011. "10. Where is Camp David? The Presidential Retreat is within the park however, it is not open to the public and its location is not shown on our park maps for both security and privacy. If you're interested in historical information, visit our Presidential Retreat webpage."
  4. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ W. Dale Nelson, The President is at Camp David (Syracuse University Press, 1995), pp. 69–94.
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Cbignore
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".Template:Cbignore
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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Works cited

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External links

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