Calamaria
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Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox
Calamaria is a large genus of dwarf burrowing[1] snakes[2] of the family Colubridae. The genus contains 66 recognized species.[3] The genus is endemic to Asia.[4]
Description
Species in the genus Calamaria share the following characteristics. The eight to 11 maxillary teeth are subequal; the anterior mandibular teeth are somewhat longer than the posterior ones. The head is not distinct from neck; the eye is small, with a round pupil; the nostril is pierced in a minute nasal scale. No loreal, internasal, or temporal scales are present; the preocular can be present or absent; the parietals contact the labials. The body is cylindrical, with smooth dorsal scales, without apical pits, in 13 rows. The tail is short; the subcaudals are paired.[5]
Species
The following 67 described species in the genus Calamaria are recognized as being valid.[6]
- Calamaria abramovi Orlov, 2009Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Calamaria abstrusa Inger & Marx, 1965Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Padang reed snake
- Calamaria acutirostris Boulenger, 1896Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – pointed snout reed snake
- Calamaria albiventer (Gray, 1834)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – white-bellied reed snake
- Calamaria alcalai Weinell, Leviton & R. Brown, 2020Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[7] – Alcala's reed snake
- Calamaria alidae Boulenger, 1920Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Bengkulu reed snake
- Calamaria andersoni Yang & Zheng, 2018Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Anderson's reed snake
- Calamaria apraeocularis M.A. Smith, 1927Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Apreocular reed snake
- Calamaria arcana Yeung, Lau & Yang, 2022Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Lingnan reed snake
- Calamaria banggaiensis Koch, Arida, McGuire, Iskander & Böhme, 2009Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Banggai reed snake
- Calamaria battersbyi Inger & Marx, 1965Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Battersby's reed snake
- Calamaria bicolor A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – two-colored dwarf snake, bicoloured reed snake
- Calamaria bitorques W. Peters, 1872Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Luzon dwarf snake
- Calamaria boesemani Inger & Marx, 1965Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Boeseman's reed snake
- Calamaria borneensis Bleeker, 1860Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Bornean reed snake
- Calamaria brongersmai Inger & Marx, 1965Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Brongersma's reed snake[8]
- Calamaria buchi Marx & Inger, 1955Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Dalat dwarf snake, Buch's reed snake
- Calamaria butonensis Howard & Gillespie, 2007Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Calamaria ceramensis De Rooij, 1913Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Calamaria concolor Orlov et al., 2010Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Calamaria crassa Lidth de Jeude, 1922Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – thick reed snake
- Calamaria curta Boulenger, 1896Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – dark-bellied reed snake
- Calamaria doederleini Gough, 1902Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Döderlein's reed snake
- Calamaria dominici Ziegler, Tran & T.Q. Nguyen, 2019Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Dominic's reed snake
- Calamaria eiselti Inger & Marx, 1965Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Eiselt's reed snake
- Calamaria everetti Boulenger, 1893Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Everett's reed snake
- Calamaria forcarti Inger & Marx, 1965Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Forcart's reed snake
- Calamaria gervaisii A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Gervais's worm snake, Philippine dwarf snake
- Calamaria gialaiensis Ziegler, V.S. Nguyen & T.Q. Nguyen, 2008Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Gia Lai reed snake
- Calamaria grabowskyi J.G. Fischer, 1885Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Grabowsky's reed snake
- Calamaria gracillima (Günther, 1872)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – slender reed snake
- Calamaria griswoldi Loveridge, 1938Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – dwarf reed snake, lined reed snake
- Calamaria hilleniusi Inger & Marx, 1965Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Calamaria ingeri Grismer, Kaiser & Yaakob, 2004Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Calamaria javanica Boulenger, 1891Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Javanese reed snake
- Calamaria joloensis Taylor, 1922Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Jolo worm snake
- Calamaria lateralis Mocquard, 1890Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – white-striped reed snake
- Calamaria lautensis De Rooij, 1917Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Calamaria leucogaster Bleeker, 1860Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Ampat Lawang dwarf snake
- Calamaria linnaei F. Boie, 1827Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Linne's dwarf snake
- Calamaria longirostris Howard & Gillespie, 2007Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Calamaria lovii Boulenger, 1887Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Lowi's reed snake
- Calamaria lumbricoidea F. Boie, 1827Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – variable reed snake
- Calamaria lumholtzi Andersson, 1923Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Lumholz's reed snake
- Calamaria margaritophora Bleeker, 1860Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – stripe-necked reed snake Bleeker's dwarf snake
- Calamaria mecheli Schenkel, 1901Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Mechel's reed snake
- Calamaria melanota Jan, 1862Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Kapuas reed snake
- Calamaria modesta A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Calamaria muelleri Boulenger, 1896Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Mueller's reed snake
- Calamaria nebulosa J.L. Lee, 2021Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – clouded reed snake
- Calamaria nuchalis Boulenger, 1896Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – narrow-headed reed snake
- Calamaria palavanensis Inger & Marx, 1965Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Palawan worm snake
- Calamaria pavimentata A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – collared reed snake
- Calamaria pfefferi Stejneger, 1901Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Pfeffer's reed snake[8]
- Calamaria prakkei Lidth de Jeude, 1893Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Prakke's reed snake
- Calamaria rebentischi Bleeker, 1860Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Rebentisch's reed snake
- Calamaria sangi T.Q. Nguyen, Koch & Ziegler, 2009Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Sang's reed snake
- Calamaria schlegeli A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – pink-headed reed snake
- Calamaria schmidti Marx & Inger, 1955Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Schmidt's reed snake
- Calamaria septentrionalis Boulenger, 1890Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Hong Kong dwarf snake
- Calamaria strigiventris Poyarkov, T.V. Nguyen, Orlov & G. Vogel, 2019Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – striped-belly reed snake
- Calamaria suluensis Taylor, 1922Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – yellow-bellied reed snake, Sulu reed snake
- Calamaria sumatrana Edeling, 1870Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Sumatran reed snake, Sumatra dwarf snake
- Calamaria thanhi Ziegler & Quyet, 2005Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[9] – Thanh's reed snake
- Calamaria ulmeri Sackett, 1940Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Ulmer's reed snake
- Calamaria virgulata F. Boie, 1827Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Boie's dwarf snake, short-tailed reed snake
- Calamaria yunnanensis Chernov, 1962Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Yunnan reed snake
Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Calamaria.
See also
References
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- ↑ Ecologyasia.com
- ↑ Animaldiversity.Umich.edu
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Ecologyasia.com
- ↑ Boulenger GA (1894). Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume II., Containing the Conclusion of the Colubridæ Aglyphæ. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xi + 382 pp. + Plates I-XX. (Genus Calamaria, p. 330).
- ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".. (Calamaria alcalai, new species).
- ↑ a b Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. Template:ISBN. (Calamaria brongersmai, p. 39; C. pfefferi, p. 205).
- ↑ Ziegler, Thomas; Quyet, Le Khac (2005). "A new species of reed snake, Calamaria (Squamata: Colubridae), from the Central Truong Son (Annamite mountain range), Vietnam" Zootaxa 1042: 27–38. (Calamaria thanhi, new species).
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".