Brixia Model 35
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The Brixia Model 35 was an Italian small-sized, rapid-firing light mortar of World War II. The Brixia Modello 35 provided light supporting fire to the infantry companies. It was issued at battalion level, with each battalion containing nine mortars parceled out to each infantry company. It had a reasonable rate of fire but lacked power due to the small round. It was widely used and saw action on every major Italian front.[1]
Description
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The Brixia light mortar is a 45 mm calibre light mortar mounted on a legged base and designed for operation by two crew.[2] The rear legs are fitted with a pad for the gunner to lay forward behind the mortar or sit upon when the situation allows. A lever allowed for operating the breech and firing the weapon while the loader fed ammunition. Well-trained teams could reach up to 18 rounds per minute, although the operational rate of fire was less intense to avoid damage to the firing tube. The Brixia mortar differed from comparable World War II weapons in that it was trigger-fired with the help of separate ignition cartridges to be fed into a special magazine, making the weapon more similar to modern cannon mortars than conventional parabolic grenade launchers of the time.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
At the tactical level, an infantry battalion had two platoons of 9 Brixia mortars assigned.Template:Sfn Each Brixia mortar platoon was divided into three squads with three mortars each, distributed to the companies. Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The heavier 81mm mortar was assigned to the heavy weapons company of the regiment.
The Brixia was a complicated weapon but could lay down exact and intense fire curtains. This was offset by the shells, which fragmented poorly and, due to the limited calibre, had a very light and low-yield warhead.[3] The weapon served on every front where Italian troops were involved (North Africa, Balkans, East Africa, Southern Russia, France) and was employed to defend the homeland against invading allied troops. During clashes between RSI formations and Italian partisans on both sides, due to many Italian partisans having a former military background, it was one of the few support weapons that could be found in the hands of the local Resistance. Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Mortars used by the German units fighting alongside the Italians were given the designation 4.5 cm GrW 176(i).[4]
Users
- Template:Country data Nazi Germany
- Template:Country data Kingdom of Greece: captured from the ItaliansTemplate:Sfn
- Template:Country data Kingdom of Italy
- Template:Country data Italian Social Republic
- Template:Flagicon image Yugoslav Partisans[5]
See also
- Tromboncino M28 grenade launcher, a combined carbine and rifle grenade launcher, used unsuccessfully prior to the Model 35
- List of infantry mortars
References
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