Bolinao language
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The Bolinao language or Binubolinao is a Central Luzon language spoken primarily in the municipalities of Bolinao and Anda, Pangasinan in the Philippines. It has approximately 50,000 speakers,[1] making it the second most widely spoken Sambalic language. Most Bolinao speakers can speak Pangasinan and/or Ilocano. Ethnologue reports 510 monolinguals for this language.[2]
Phonology
Bolinao has 21 phonemes: 16 consonants and five vowels. Syllable structure is relatively simple. Each syllable contains at least a consonant and a vowel.
Vowels
Bolinao has five vowels. They are:
- Script error: No such module "IPA". an open front unrounded vowel similar to English father
- Script error: No such module "IPA". (written as Template:Angbr) a mid central vowel pronounced as in English telephone
- Script error: No such module "IPA". a close front unrounded vowel similar to English machine
- Script error: No such module "IPA". a close-mid back rounded vowel similar to English forty
- Script error: No such module "IPA". a close back rounded vowel similar to English flute
There are six main diphthongs: Script error: No such module "IPA"., Script error: No such module "IPA"., Script error: No such module "IPA"., Script error: No such module "IPA"., Script error: No such module "IPA"., and Script error: No such module "IPA"..
Consonants
Below is a chart of Bolinao consonants. All the stops are unaspirated. The velar nasal occurs in all positions including at the beginning of a word.
| Bilabial | Dental | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | (ny) Script error: No such module "IPA". | ng Script error: No such module "IPA". | ||
| Plosive | Voiceless | p | t | k | ’ Script error: No such module "IPA". | |
| Voiced | b | d | g | |||
| Affricate | Voiceless | (ts) | (ty) Script error: No such module "IPA". | |||
| Voiced | (dy) Script error: No such module "IPA". | |||||
| Fricative | s | (sy) Script error: No such module "IPA". | h | |||
| Flap | ɾ | |||||
| Approximant | j | w | ||||
| Lateral | l | (ly) Script error: No such module "IPA". | ||||
Language comparison
A common proverb[3] from Filipino hero Jose Rizal in English, "He who does not acknowledge his beginnings will not reach his destination," is translated into Bolinao, followed by the provincial language Pangasinan, the regional language Ilocano, and the original in Tagalog for comparison:
| Bolinao | Script error: No such module "Lang". |
| Pangasinan | Script error: No such module "Lang". |
| Ilocano | Script error: No such module "Lang". |
| Tagalog | Script error: No such module "Lang". |
See also
References
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- ↑ Ethnologue (1990)
- ↑ https://www.ethnologue.com/language/smk Template:Subscription required
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Persons, Gary. (1978). Bolinao: A Preliminary Phonemic Statement. Summer Institute of Linguistics.
External links
- Binubolinao.com, website dedicated to the preservation of the Bolinao language.
- bolinao.webonary.org, an online Binubolinao or Bolinao dictionary.
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