Bipolar nebula
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A bipolar nebula is a type of nebula characterized by two lobes either side of a central star. About 10–20% of planetary nebulae are bipolar.[2]
Formation
Though the exact causes of this nebular structure are not known, it is often thought to imply the presence of a binary central star with a period of a few days to a few years. As one of the two stars expelled its outer layers, the other disrupted the outflow of material to form the bipolar shape.[3]
Examples
- Homunculus Nebula around Eta Carinae[4][5][6][7]
- Hubble 5[8]
- M2-9 – The Wings of a Butterfly Nebula[9][10][11]
- OH231.8+4.2 – The Calabash Nebula or Rotten Egg Nebula[12][13][14][15]
- Mz3 (or Menzel 3) – The Ant Nebula[16][17][18]
- CRL 618 – The Westbrook Nebula[19]
- CRL 2688 – The Egg Nebula[20][21][22][23]
- HD 44179 – The Red Rectangle Nebula[24][25][26]
- MyCn18 – The Engraved Hourglass Nebula[27][28][29][30][31]
- Template:Proper name – The Southern Crab Nebula[32][33][34]
- The Boomerang Nebula[35][36][37][38][39]
- NGC 2346 – Also known as the Butterfly Nebula[40]
- NGC 6302 – The Bug or Butterfly Nebula
- KjPn 8 Nebula – The largest (in angular size) bipolar planetary nebula.[41]
References
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ The Macquarie/AAO/Strasbourg Hα Planetary Nebula Catalogue: MASH, Parker et al. 2006, MNRAS, 373, 79
- ↑ Binary Progenitor Models for Bipolar Planetary Nebulae, Soker 1998, ApJ, 496, 833
- ↑ NewsCenter – Doomed Star Eta Carinae (06/10/1996) – Release Images. HubbleSite (10 June 1996). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Eta Carinae Nebula (NGC 3372). Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ HubbleSite – NewsCenter – Hubble Witnesses the Final Blaze of Glory of Sun-Like Stars (12/17/1997) – Release Images
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Butterfly Nebula (M 2-9). Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ NewsCenter – The "Rotten Egg" Nebula: A Planetary Nebula in the Making (10/19/1999) – Introduction. HubbleSite (19 October 1999). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ APOD: 1 November 1999 – The Rotten Egg Planetary Nebula. Antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov (1 November 1999). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Calabash Nebula (OH231.8+4.2). Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ NewsCenter – Astro-Entomology? Ant-like Space Structure Previews Death of Our Sun (02/01/2001) – Introduction. HubbleSite (1 February 2001). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Ant Nebula (Menzel 3). Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ NewsCenter – Hubble Finds Searchlight Beams and Multiple Arcs around a Dying Star (01/16/1996) – Introduction. HubbleSite (16 January 1996). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Egg Nebula (CRL 2688). Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ NewsCenter – Dying Star Sculpts Rungs of Gas and Dust (05/11/2004) – Release Images. HubbleSite (11 May 2004). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Red Rectangle. Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ NewsCenter – Hubble Finds an Hourglass Nebula around a Dying Star (01/16/1996) – Release Images. HubbleSite (16 January 1996). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Hourglass Nebula (MyCn 18). Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ NewsCenter – Symbiotic Star Blows Bubbles into Space (08/24/1999) – Release Images. HubbleSite (24 August 1999). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Southern Crab Nebula (He2-104) Script error: No such module "webarchive".. Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ NewsCenter – Hubble Catches Scattered Light from the Boomerang Nebula (09/13/2005) – Release Images. HubbleSite (13 September 2005). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Template:Cite APOD
- ↑ Boomerang Nebula. Daviddarling.info (1 February 2007). Retrieved on 26 November 2010.
- ↑ APOD: 28 October 2001 – NGC 2346: A Butterfly-Shaped Planetary Nebula
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
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