Bielawa
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Geography
Bielawa lies in the central part of Lower Silesia, along the Bielawica stream in the Owl Mountains region. The town covers an area in excess of Script error: No such module "convert"..
Bielawa lies at an altitude range of 280 and 964 m above sea level, in the Owl Mountains. The town is a year-round tourist destination; its outdoor attractions include four major hiking trails of varying difficulty in an Script error: No such module "convert". park, as well as cycling trails and ski lifts.
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Etymology
The name is of Polish origin and is derived from the word biela, bila, current Polish biała ("white").[2]
History
The oldest known mention of Bielawa dates back to 1284 in a letter sent by Bishop Tomasz II of Wrocław to a group of church leaders from the order of St. Augustine, where he complained that the duke Henry IV Probus has claimed possession of a list of villages that used to belong to the bishopric of Wrocław, including Bela, the Latin form of Bielawa.[3] Also in 1288, Bialawa is mentioned when it was part of fragmented Piast-ruled Poland.[2]
In 1720 the first brick house was built in the village and in 1741 it was captured and afterwards annexed by Prussia. In 1805 Christian Dierig founded a weaving company (Christian Dierig AG). During the Napoleonic Wars, the village was occupied by France. In 1844 it was the site of the Weavers' Uprising, brutally crushed by the Prussians.[2] From 1871 to 1945 it was part of Germany. In 1891 the Dzierżoniów–Bielawa railway line opened. In 1924 Bielawa obtained town rights.[2][4] During World War II the Germans established the FAL Langenbielau II subcamp of the Gross-Rosen concentration camp in the town.[5] In 1945 it was captured by the Soviets and eventually reintegrated with Poland. Greeks, refugees of the Greek Civil War, settled in Bielawa in the 1950s.[6]
From 1975 to 1998, it was part of the Wałbrzych Voivodeship.
Demographics
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Main sights
There are numerous historical buildings in Bielawa. At its center is the 19th-century Neo-Gothic Church of the Assumption with a 101 m tall tower, the third tallest in Poland. Other buildings include a late-Renaissance palace originally built as a fortified manor house; the Church of the Corpus Christi, erected in 1743; and numerous 18th-century Baroque houses that were restored in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It is also a home to a number of medieval penitential crosses.
International relations
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Twin towns - sister cities
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- Template:Flagicon Chatham-Kent, Canada
- Template:Flagicon Ciechanów, Poland
- Template:Flagicon Hronov, Czech Republic
- Template:Flagicon Kostelec nad Orlicí, Czech Republic
- Template:Flagicon Lingen, Germany
Surroundings
- Gola Dzierżoniowska Castle
- Medieval town of Niemcza
- Cistercian monastery at Henryków
Notable people
- Jeremiah Dencke (1725−1795), composer
- Ferdinand Gottlieb Flechtner (1811–1867), German industrialist
- Adolph Franz (1842–1916), German politician
- Friedrich Dierig (1845–1931), German industrialist
- Arthur Philipp Flechtner (1858–1936), Prussian General
- Karl Franz (1881–1967), German politician
- Georg Muschner (1885–1971), German cinematographer
- Walter Möse (1920–1944), Wehrmacht Oberfeldwebel
- Waltraut Engelberg (born 1929), author and wife of Ernst Engelberg
- Johann Alexander Wisniewsky (1929–2012), German industrialist
- Horst Weigang (born 1940), German athlete
- Eleni Tzoka (born 1956), Polish singer
- Aleksandra Kwasniewska (born 1978), Polish singer
- Robert Skibniewski (born 1983), Polish basketball player
- Jarosław Kuźniar (born 1979), Polish journalist and TV presenter
- Janusz Góra (born 1963), Polish footballer
- Art Binkowski (born 1975), Polish-Canadian boxer
- Jarosław Jach (born 1994), Polish footballer
Gallery
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Parkowa Hill and Bielawa Lake in Bielawa
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Church of the Assumption of Mary
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Pension Leśny Dworek
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Palace
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Town hall
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Municipal Park
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swimming pool "Aquarius"
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Monument of Pope John Paul II
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Lake in Bielawa
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References
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External links
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