Bacău County

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Bacău County (Script error: No such module "IPA".) is a county (județ) of Romania, in Western Moldavia, with its capital city at Bacău. It has one commune, Ghimeș-Făget, in Transylvania.

Geography

This county has a total area of Template:Cvt.

In the western part of the county there are mountains from the Eastern Carpathian group. Here, along the valleys of the Oituz River and Trotuș River, there are two important links between Moldavia and Transylvania. On the East side, the heights decrease and the lowest point can be found on the Siret River valley which crosses the county from North to South down the middle. On the East side there is the Moldavian Plateau crossed by many small rivers.

Flora and fauna

Bears, wolves, foxes, wild boars, and squirrels inhabit Bacău County's mountains, particularly in its rural Slănic-Moldova region; the remnants of the local deer are preserved in Mănăstirea Cașin.[1]

Neighbours

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Economy

The county of Bacău was one of the most industrialized regions in the communist period and it remained Moldavia's most important industrial center ever since. There are two large oil refineries at Onești and Dărmănești. Following the collapse of the communist regime, Bacău continued to be the region's most important GDP supplier, but the county became more famous for the controversial figures involved in the local economy than for its performance.

The predominant industries in the county are:

  • The chemical and oil industry.
  • Food industry.
  • Construction materials industry.
  • Wood and paper industry.
  • Textile industry.
  • Mechanical components industry.
  • Aeronautics industry.

In Bacău County there are important reserves of oil and salt. Also coal is exploited.

Tourism

The main tourist destinations in the county are:

Demographics

Year County population[2] Population density Romanians Romani people Hungarians
1948 414,996 Steady
1956 507,937 Increase
1966 598,321 Increase
1977 667,791 Increase
1992 737,512 Increase
2002 706,623 Decrease 113 / km2 97.5% 1.7% 0.7%
2011[3] 616,168 Decrease 93 / km2 96.1% 1.7% 0.68%
2021 601,387 Decrease 91 / km2

Some estimates put the total number of Csángós at around 70,000 in 1987.[4]

Politics

The Bacău County Council, renewed at the 2020 local elections, consists of 36 councillors, with the following party composition:[5]

    Party Seats Current County Council
Template:Party color cell   Social Democratic Party (PSD) 17 Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell  
Template:Party color cell   National Liberal Party (PNL)-Save Romania Union (USR) Alliance 13 Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell          
Template:Party color cell   People's Movement Party (PMP) 3 Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell                              
Template:Party color cell   PRO Romania (PRO) 3 Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell   Template:Party color cell                              

People

Administrative divisions

File:Actual Bacău county CoA.png
The coat of arms used until 3 March 2008[6]
File:20171004 114517 Administrative Palace in Bacău 2017.jpg
Bacău
File:Ajuntament Onesti.jpg
Onești

Bacău County has 3 municipalities, 5 towns, and 85 communes

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Politics

Bacău became famous after electing Ilie Ilașcu of the Greater Romania Party as their Senator, while he was held in prison in Transnistria.

Historical county

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Between the world wars, Bacău County had a different territorial extent. The county was located in the east central part of Greater Romania, in the center of Moldavia. Its territory included the central part of the current Bacău County. It bordered on the west with the counties of Trei Scaune and Ciuc, in the north with Neamț and Roman counties, in the east with the counties of Tutova and Tecuci, and in the south with Putna County.

Administration

The county was originally divided into five districts (plăși):[7]

  1. Plasa Bistrița
  2. Plasa Muntele, headquartered in Moinești
  3. Plasa Oituz, headquartered in Oituz
  4. Plasa Siret, headquartered in Siret
  5. Plasa Tazlău, headquartered in Tazlău

Subsequently, two more districts were established:

  1. Plasa Răcăciuni, headquartered in Răcăciuni
  2. Plasa Traian, headquartered in Traian
File:1938 map of interwar county Bacau.jpg
Map of Bacău County as it existed in 1938

Population

According to the 1930 census data, the county population was 260,781, comprising 88.6% Romanians, 5.3% Jews, 3.3% Hungarians, as well as other minorities.[8] From the religious point of view, 75.8% were Eastern Orthodox, 18.1% Roman Catholics, 5.5% Jewish, as well as other minorities.[9]

Urban population

In 1930, the county's urban population was 50,342, of which 70.1% were Romanians, 23.9% were Jews, 2.2% were Hungarians, as well as other minorities. From a religious point of view, the urban population consisted of 64.9% Eastern Orthodox, 24.4% Jewish, 9.3% Roman Catholic, as well as other minorities.

References

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  1. ↑ Network of small rural communities of energetic neutrality (RURENER) (Archived from the original), Slănic-Moldova - RURENER Case Study, European Commission, retrieved 24 July 2019. Archived at the Wayback Machine
  2. ↑ National Institute of Statistics, "Populația la recensămintele din anii 1948, 1956, 1966, 1977, 1992, 2002 și 2011" Template:Webarchive
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ 1987 estimate published in: Tennant, Chris (transl.) (1994) The Hungarian minority’s situation in Ceaușescu's Romania. Boulder: Social Science Monographs. p. 33.
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Bacău County Council - Heraldică
  7. ↑ Portretul României Interbelice - Județul Bacău
  8. ↑ Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 30
  9. ↑ Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 536-541
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