Ayssènes

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Ayssènes (Script error: No such module "IPA".; Template:Langx) is a commune in the Aveyron department in the Occitanie region of southern France.

Geography

File:Raspes de Tarn- Pont du Truel 5651.JPG
The river below Le Pouget

Ayssènes is located some 25 km west of Millau and 7 km south-east of Alrance. Access to the commune is by the D510 road from Villefranche-de-Panat in the west which passes through the commune by a circuitous route to the village then continues south across the river to join the D200 on the opposite bank. Apart from the village there are the hamlets of:

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  • Ardennes
  • Le Bastizou
  • Cabière
  • Calmels
  • Le Caussanal
  • La Caze
  • La Clerguie
  • Coupiaguet
  • Le Crouzet
  • Les Esclots
  • Lescure
  • Melet
  • Le Pouget
  • Rentières
  • Saint-Rémy
  • Vabrette
  • Valergues
  • Verdalle
  • Vernet

The commune is mainly forest with large areas of farmland.[2]

The southern border of the commune is formed by the Tarn river which is dammed just south-west of the commune to form a long lake along the southern border. From the dam the Tarn continues south-west to eventually join the Garonne just west of Moissac. The Ruisseau de Vernobre rises in the north of the commune and flows south, gathering many tributaries, to join the Tarn. The Ruisseau de Coudols flows from the north-east, gathering some tributaries in the commune, and joins the Tarn at the same point as the Ruisseau de Vernobre.[2]

Neighbouring communes and villages

Template:Geographic location [2]

History

Middle Ages

The village was built on a ridge overlooking the Tarn and was a direct link between the Lévézou Plateau and Raspes du Tarn. There was once a fortress on the peak of Roc Saint-Jean. It belonged to the Count of Rodez who maintained a garrison in order to maintain his influence over the southern Rouergue. Prestigious guests stayed at this location including the King of France, Charles VII, on 13 May 1437 while returning from Languedoc where he had been to restore order.

Modern Era

The castle was the subject of much covetousness during the wars of religion. In October 1586 the army of the Duke of Joyeuse, Anne de Joyeuse - brother of King Henry III, tried to besiege it. The Captain of the garrison made a ploy and the duke's army retreated towards the plateau of Saint-Victor which was where the garrison captain attacked the camp at night - taking fifty horses and capturing several soldiers. The fortress became dangerous for the kingdom and was destroyed in 1629 by order of Cardinal Richelieu. Today nothing remains but the location has one of the most beautiful views in the region.

Contemporary era

The commune consisted of four parishes in the second half of the 19th century with a population of around 1500. Today there are no more than 213 year-round residents.

Heraldry

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Administration

File:FR-12-Ayssènes.JPG
The bridge over the Tarn

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From To Name
1875 1888 Galtier Calmeyrac
1888 1889 Basile Bonnefous
1889 1892 Félix Galtier
1892 1904 Paulin Brengues
1904 1910 Justin Fabre
1910 1912 Camille Bou
1912 1914 Edouard Cambefort
1914 1919 Benoît Costes
1919 1953 Edouard Cambefort
1953 1995 René Arles
1995 2026 Marie-Chantal Calmes-Bou

Demography

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Ayssenols or Ayssenoles in French.[4]

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File:Le Planol Vista with Costecalde above Ayssenès 5666.JPG
Saint Victor-et-Melvieu and Costecalde

Sites and monuments

File:Le Truel-Woodland at Costecalde 0105.JPG
The oak and sweet chestnut woodland near Costecalde (Le Truel)
  • The Old Ayssènes Cemetery (graves from the early 19th century).
  • The Roc Saint-Jean (The castle disappeared after Richelieu ordered its destruction)
  • The Roc du Cavalier
  • The Church of the Nativity of Mary (Ayssènes) (19th century)
  • The Church of Saint-Amans (at Coupiaguet) (19th century)
  • The Church of Saint Rémy (at Saint-Rémy) (19th century)
  • The Church of Saint-Blaise or of the Purification of Notre-Dame (at Vabrette) (19th century). The church contains two items that are registered as historical objects:
  • The House of Chestnuts

Notable people linked to the commune

  • Antoine Salvanh (1479-1555). Architect specialising in religious buildings, builder of the bell tower on Rodez Cathedral between 1513 and 1526.
  • Guillaume Molinier-Lamothe (1736-1794). Refractory priest jailed in 1793 in Rodez then deported to the Fort du Hâ at Bordeaux the following year where he died.
  • Georges Connes (1890-1974). Senior lecturer at the University of Dijon, Doctor of Literature, Dean of the University of Dijon in 1946 and 1947, resistance fighter in 1943, Mayor of Dijon after the liberation of the city in September 1944.
  • Pierre-Damien Hèbles (1864-1954). Priest for Ayssènes from 1903 to 1944, member of the literary society of Aveyron, historian for the Raspes du Tarn region. He wrote three manuscripts on local history after 40 years of research in the departmental archives and deeds.
  • Gaston Boulouis (1908-1991) Priest, Professor of Literature at the Seminary Minor of Saint Pierre and at the Sainte Marie de Rodez Institution. Canon, historian and occitan scholar at the end of his life. He published several historical books on the region as well as an autobiography and a collection of Occitan proverbs.
  • Alain Marc (born in 1957). Politician, Municipal councillor for Ayssènes from 2001 to 2004, he has been MP for Aveyron since 2007.

See also

Bibliography

  • Christian-Pierre Bedel, preface by Alain Marc, Sant-Roma, Aissenas, Broquièrs, Brossa, Las Còstas, L'Estrada, Sant-Victor, Lo Truèlh / Christian-Pierre Bedel e los estatjants del canton de Sant-Roma, Rodez, Departmental Mission for culture, 1995, Al canton collection, 239 pages, ill., cov. ill., 28 cm, Template:ISBN, Template:Catalog lookup linkScript error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn".Script error: No such module "check isxn"., Template:BnF Template:In lang

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ a b c Google Maps
  3. ↑ List of Mayors of France Template:In lang
  4. ↑ Le nom des habitants du 12 - Aveyron, habitants.fr
  5. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy Template:Palissy Template:In langTemplate:Camera
  6. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy Template:Palissy Template:In langTemplate:Camera

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External links

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