Asil chicken
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The Asil or Aseel is an Indian breed or group of breeds of game chicken. It is distributed in much of India, particularly in the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Odisha;[1]Template:R/superscript it has been exported to several other countries. Similar fowl are found throughout much of Southeast Asia.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
It is one of the parent breeds of the Indian Game, developed in the West Country of England in the early nineteenth century.[2]Template:R/superscript
History
The Asil originated in the Indian subcontinent, the area that includes modern India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka;[3]Template:R/superscript it is thought to be among the oldest breeds of fighting cock.[4]Template:R/superscript[5]Template:R/superscript The word "Asil" is from Arabic, and means "purebred".[3]Template:R/superscript In India, it is a general term for all fighting breeds.[6]Template:R/superscript
In India the Asil is distributed particularly in the Khammam district of Andhra Pradesh, in the Bastar and Dantiwara districts of Chhattisgarh, and in the Koraput and Malkanagiri districts of Odisha.[1]Template:R/superscript It is also present in Bangladesh and Pakistan, which were part of British India until Partition, and is found in other countries including Australia, Guatemala, Honduras, Ireland, Luxembourg, the United Kingdom, the United States and Uruguay.[7]Template:R/superscript
An Asil bantam was created in the late nineteenth century by the British breeder William Flamank Entwisle;[8]Template:R/superscript it became popular in Britain and in Holland, but later died out.[3]Template:R/superscript In the 1980s it was re-created in Belgium by Willy Coppens, using Shamo, Indian Game and Reza Asil; it is bred in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Holland, Hungary and the United Kingdom, in a variety of colours.[3]Template:R/superscript
In 2005 the Asil was the only Indian breed of chicken not in need of conservation.[9]Template:R/superscript In 2007 its global conservation status was listed by the FAO as "not at risk".[10]Template:R/superscript In 2021 its status was reported to DAD-IS as "unknown";[1]Template:R/superscript the Livestock Conservancy in the United States listed it as "threatened".[11]Template:R/superscript these types of chickens are very aggressive and will attack if threatened
Characteristics
Use
Asil hens are not good layers, but sit well.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". They may lay about 70 eggs per year; the eggs vary from cream-coloured to brownish, and weigh approximately 40 g.[1]Template:R/superscript
References
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- ↑ a b c d Breed data sheet: Aseel / India (Chicken). Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed August 2021.
- ↑ Indian Game. Poultry Club of Great Britain. Accessed August 2021.
- ↑ a b c d Willem van Ballekom (August 2006). Asian Gamefowl Breeds: The Aseel. Aviculture Europe. 2 (4), article 5. Archived 9 October 2006.
- ↑ Victoria Roberts (2008). British Poultry Standards: complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the specialist breed clubs and recognised by the Poultry Club of Great Britain, sixth edition. Oxford: Blackwell. Template:Isbn.
- ↑ Chickens: Asian Hard Feather. Poultry Club of Great Britain. Archived 23 November 2018.
- ↑ Rassetafeln: Hühner (in German). Reichenbach, Haselbachtal: Bund Deutscher Rassegeflügelzüchter. Accessed August 2021.
- ↑ Transboundary breed: Aseel. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed April 2022.
- ↑ William Flamank Entwisle (1894). Bantams. Wakefield: Edith H. Entwisle.
- ↑ [Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying] (2005). Country Report on Animal Genetic Resources of India, archived 22 August 2021. Annex to: Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Template:ISBN. Archived 10 January 2017.
- ↑ Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources, annex to The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Template:Isbn. Archived 23 June 2020.
- ↑ 2021 Conservation Priority Poultry Breeds. The Livestock Conservancy. Archived 22 August 2021.
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Further reading
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- Esther J.J. Verhoef-Verhallen, Aad Rijs (2003). The complete encyclopedia of chickens. Lisse: Rebo International, Template:ISBN