Asian conical hat
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The Asian conical hat is a style of conically shaped sun hat worn in China, Vietnam, Korea, Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Bhutan. It is kept on the head by a cloth or fiber chin strap, an inner headband, or both.
Regional names
English terms for the hat include sedge hat, rice hat, paddy hat, bamboo hat, andTemplate:Mdashhistorically but now only offensively[1][2]Template:Mdashcoolie hat.[3]
In Southeast Asia, it is known as Script error: No such module "Lang". (ដួន) in Cambodia; Script error: No such module "Lang". or Script error: No such module "Lang". in Indonesia; Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) in Laos; Script error: No such module "Lang". in Malaysia; Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) in Thailand; Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) in Myanmar; Script error: No such module "Lang"., and Script error: No such module "Lang". among other names in the Philippines; and Script error: No such module "Lang". in Vietnam.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
In East Asia it is called Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang"., literally meaning a "one-Script error: No such module "Lang". bamboo hat") in China; Script error: No such module "Nihongo". in Japan; and Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) in Korea.
In South Asia, it is known as Script error: No such module "Lang". in Assam (India); in Bangladesh it is known as Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".).[4]
| Country | Local Name | In Native Script |
|---|---|---|
| Assam | Jaapi | জাপি |
| Bangladesh | Mathal | মাথাল |
| Cambodia | Do'un | ដួន |
| China | Dǒulì | 斗笠 |
| Indonesia | Caping, Seraung | |
| Japan | Kasa | 笠 |
| Korea | Satgat | 삿갓 |
| Laos | Koup | ກຸບ |
| Malaysia | Terendak | تريندق |
| Myanmar | Khamauk | ခမောက် |
| Philippines | Salakót | ᜐᜎᜃᜓᜆ᜔ |
| Thailand | Ngop | งอบ |
| Vietnam | Nón tơi, Nón chằm lá |
Use
Asian conical hats are, throughout Asia, primarily used as a form of protection from the sun and rain. When made of straw or other woven materials, it can be dipped in water and worn as an impromptu evaporative cooling device.[5]
China
In China, conical hats were typically associated with farmers, while mandarins wore tighter circular caps, especially in the winter.[6] There were several conical hat types worn during the Qing dynasty (see Qing official headwear).
Japan
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It is also widely understood in East Asia, most notably Japan, where they were known as Script error: No such module "Lang"., as a symbol of Buddhism, as it is traditionally worn by pilgrims and Buddhist monks in search of alms.
Sturdier, even metal, variants, known as Script error: No such module "Lang". (battle kasa), were also worn by samurai and foot-soldiers in Japan, as helmets.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Philippines
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In the Philippines, the salakót is more commonly a pointed dome-shape, rather than conical, with a spike or knob finial. Unlike most other mainland Asian conical hats, it is characterized by an inner headband in addition to a chinstrap. It can be made from various materials including bamboo, rattan, nito, bottle gourd, buri straw, nipa leaves, pandan leaves, and carabao horn. The plain type is typically worn by farmers, but nobles in the pre-colonial period (and later principalia in the Spanish period) crafted ornate variations with jewels, precious metals, or tortoiseshell. These are considered heirloom objects passed down from generation to generation within families.[7][8]
The salakót was also commonly worn by native soldiers in the Spanish colonial army. It was adopted by Spanish troops in the early 18th century as part of their campaign uniform. In doing so, it became the direct precursor of the pith helmet (still called salacot or salacco in Spanish and French).[9]
Vietnam
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In Vietnam, the nón lá, Script error: No such module "Lang". ("hats"), Script error: No such module "Lang". ("rice hat"), Script error: No such module "Lang". ("conical hat") or Script error: No such module "Lang". ("bamboo hat") forms a perfect right circular cone which tapers smoothly from the base to the apex. Special conical hats in Vietnam contain colourful hand-stitch depictions or words. The Script error: No such module "Lang". varieties are famous for their Script error: No such module "Lang". (lit. poem conical hats) and contain random poetic verses and Chữ Hán, which can be revealed when the hat is directed above one's head in the sunlight. In modernity, they have become part of Vietnam's national costume.[10]
Others
In India, Bangladesh[11] and Borneo, the plain conical hat was worn by commoners during their daily work, but more decoratively-colored ones were used for festivities. In Sabah, the colorful conical hat is worn for certain dances while in Assam they are hung in homes as decoration or worn by the upper classes for special occasions.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Gallery
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A farmer in Bangladesh wearing a Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
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A selection of conical hats in Hainan, China
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Souvenir Script error: No such module "Lang". for tourists from Vietnam
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A silver inlaid Filipino Script error: No such module "Lang".
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A Korean man in traditional mourning clothes and Script error: No such module "Lang".
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Making conical hats (Script error: No such module "Lang".) in Script error: No such module "Lang". countryside, Vietnam
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Three Script error: No such module "Lang". women wearing Script error: No such module "Lang". from Jolo, Sulu, Philippines, c.1900
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See also
- Ba tầm, a traditional Vietnamese flat palm hat
- Fulani hat
- Gat
- List of hat styles
- List of headgear
- Mokoliʻi, an island in Hawaii with a nickname "Chinaman's Hat"
- Ngob
- Pilgrim's hat
- Pointed hat
References
External links
Template:Hats Template:Folk costume Template:Malaysian clothing Template:Burmese clothing Template:Authority control
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- ↑ Template:Cite EB1911
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