Ashraf Jahangir Semnani

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Sultan Makhdoom Ashraf Jahangir Semnani[1] (Template:Langx; (1285–1386)[2][3][4][5] was an Iranian Sufi saint from Semnan, Iran. He was the founder of the Ashrafi Sufi order. He is India's third most influential Sufi saint after Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti of Ajmer and Nizamuddin Auliya of Delhi.[6]

His father Sultan Ibrahim Noorbaksh was the local ruler of Semnan.[7] Semnani was claimed to be the descendant of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad, through his grandson Husayn ibn Ali. His mother Bibi Khadija was said to be a descendant of the Turkic Sufi saint Ahmad Yasawi.[7] Script error: No such module "Sidebar".

Lineage

Semnani was a claimed descendant of Muhammad through his daughter Fatimah from the lineage of her son, Husayn ibn Ali.[8]

Spiritual Lineage

Semnani spiritual lineage of the Chishti Order[9]Script error: No such module "Unsubst".:

  1. Muhammad
  2. Ali ibn Abi Talib
  3. Hasan al-Basri
  4. Abdul Waahid Bin Zaid
  5. Fudhail Bin Iyadh
  6. Ibrahim Bin Adham
  7. Huzaifah Al-Mar'ashi Basra[10]
  8. Abu Hubayra al-Basri
  9. Khwaja Mumshad Uluw Al Dīnawarī Dinawar[11]
  10. Abu Ishaq Shamī
  11. Abu Aḥmad Abdal Chishti[12]
  12. Abu Muḥammad Chishti[13]
  13. Abu Yusuf Bin Saamaan
  14. Maudood Chishti
  15. Shareef Zandani
  16. Usman Harooni
  17. Muinuddin Chishti
  18. Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki
  19. Fariduddin Ganjshakar
  20. Nizamuddin Auliya
  21. Akhi Siraj
  22. Alaul Haq Pandavi
  23. Ashraf Jahangir Semnani

Early life

After his father's death, Semnani then aged 17, became the ruler of Semnan. He was said to be inclined towards mysticism. He enjoyed the company of Ruknuddin Ala ul Daula Semnani.[14]

At the age of 23, Semnani abdicated his throne in favor of his brother Sultan Sayyid Muhammad. Thereafter, Semnani migrated to Bengal in order to meet Alaul Haq Pandavi.[15][14]

Travels

After performing the obligatory pilgrimage to the Islamic Holy sites in Mecca and Medina, Semnani traveled to Gulbarga and Sarandib in South India.[14]

Meeting with other Sufis

Semnani met with various known Sufis of his time, including Shah Madar, Mir Sayyid Ali Hamdani, Hafez Shirazi, Bande Nawaz and Sultan Walad.[14]

Writings

Semnani was the author of the seminal Sufi text "Lataif-e-Ashrafi" ("Noble Subtleties"), a comprehensive encyclopedia of Sufism that explores practical and theoretical topics as well as theological, literary, and historical issues.

Written as oral discourses, the book contains two volumes.

Volume 1 explores Islamic theology, focusing on Tawheed (Divine Oneness). It includes a defense of Sama (Sufism) (music) as a spiritual tool. Volume 2 describes Sufi practices, ethics, and mystical states.[16]

See also

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Hayate Makhdoom Syed Ashraf Jahangir Semnani (1975), Second Edition (2017) Template:ISBN Script error: No such module "citation/CS1"..
  4. ↑ ‘'MUQADDEMA-E- LATĀIF-E-ASHRAFI' Book in PERSIAN, Published by Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
  5. ↑ Akhbarul Akhyar' By Abdal Haqq Muhaddith Dehlwi [d.1052H-1642]. A short biography of the prominent sufis of India have been mentioned in this book including that of Ashraf Jahangir Semnani
  6. ↑ Life and Times of Makhdoom Ashraf Jahangir Semnani (RAH) by Dr. Syed Nurusyyidyn Madani Ashraf Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ See: https://ibnularabibooks.com/shop/lataif-e-ashrafi-by-ashraf-jahangir-samnani/

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Further reading

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