Anoectochilus
Template:Short description Template:Use Australian English Template:Automatic taxobox
Anoectochilus, commonly known as marbled jewel orchids[1] or filigree orchids,[2] is a genus of about fifty species in the orchid family Orchidaceae. They are terrestrial herbs with a creeping rhizome, an upright flowering stem and dark coloured leaves with contrasting veins. The flowers are relatively large and have a large labellum, markedly different from the sepals and petals.
Description
Orchids in the genus Anoectochilus are terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, sympodial herbs with a creeping, above-ground rhizome with wiry roots that look woolly. The leaves are arranged in a rosette and are relatively broad and thin. They are dark green or brownish purple and have a contrasting network of silvery or reddish veins. The flowers are relatively large, hairy, velvety, resupinate and arranged in a short spike. The dorsal sepal and petals overlap to form a hood over the column with the lateral sepals spreading apart from each other. The labellum is relatively large with two sections - an upper "epichile" and lower "hypochile" separated by a narrow section. The hypochile has a cylinder-shaped spur containing two large glands and is joined to the epichile with a "claw" that has spreading teeth or a long fringe. The fruit is a hairy capsule containing a large number of winged seeds.[1][2][3][4]
Taxonomy and naming
The genus Anoectochilus was first formally described in 1825 by Carl Ludwig Blume and Anoectochilus setaceus was the first species he described, hence it is the type species.[5] The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek words anoiktos (ἀνοικτός) meaning "opened" and cheilos (χεῖλος) meaning "lip".[6]
Distribution
Orchids in this genus range from the Himalayas to south China, Southeast Asia, Australia, New Guinea, Melanesia and Hawaii,[7] found in moist areas with deep shade.[1][2]
List of species
The following is a list of species recognised by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at May 2018:[8]
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- Anoectochilus albolineatus Template:Au (1874) : white lines anoectochilus (Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam)
- Anoectochilus albomarginatus Template:Au (1855)
- Anoectochilus annamenis (2007) (Vietnam)[9]
- Anoectochilus baotingensis Template:Au (2003) (China, Hainan)
- Anoectochilus brevilabris Template:Au (1840) : short-lipped Anoectochilus
- Anoectochilus brevistylus Template:Au (1907)
- Anoectochilus burmannicus Template:Au (1922)
- Anoectochilus calcareus Template:Au (1996 publ. 1997).
- Anoectochilus dewildeorum Template:Au (Sumatra)
- Anoectochilus dulongensis Template:Au (Sumatra)
- Anoectochilus elatus Template:Au (1857).
- Anoectochilus emeiensis Template:Au (1982)
- Anoectochilus falconis Template:Au (2005) (Malaysia)
- Anoectochilus flavescens Template:Au (1825).
- Anoectochilus formosanus Template:Au (1914). (Template:Lang-zh)
- Anoectochilus geniculatus Template:Au (1896) (Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra)
- Anoectochilus hainanensis Template:Au (2008).
- Anoectochilus imitans Template:Au (1906).
- Anoectochilus insignis Template:Au (1911).
- Anoectochilus integrilabris Template:Au (1935).
- Anoectochilus kinabaluensis Template:Au (1994).
- Anoectochilus klabatensis Template:Au (2002).
- Anoectochilus koshunensis Template:Au (1914).
- Anoectochilus longicalcaratus Template:Au (1922).
- Anoectochilus longilobus Template:Au (2014).
- Anoectochilus lylei Template:Au (1925).
- Anoectochilus malipoensis Template:Au (2010).
- Anoectochilus monicae Template:Au (2004).
- Anoectochilus nandanensis Template:Au (2015).
- Anoectochilus narasimhanii Template:Au (2003).
- Anoectochilus nicobaricus Template:Au (1978 publ. 1979).
- Anoectochilus papillosus Template:Au (2007).
- Anoectochilus papuanus Template:Au (1984 publ. 1985).
- Anoectochilus pectinatus Template:Au (1907).
- Anoectochilus pingbianensis Template:Au (1996).
- Anoectochilus regalis Template:Au (1858).
- Anoectochilus reinwardtii Template:Au (1858).
- Anoectochilus rhombilabius Template:Au (2002).
- Anoectochilus roxburghii Template:Au (1839).
- Anoectochilus sandvicensis Template:Au (1840)
- Anoectochilus setaceus Template:Au (1825) : bristly anoectochilus (type species)
- Anoectochilus subregularis Template:Au (1996).
- Anoectochilus sumatranus Template:Au (2001).
- Anoectochilus xingrenensis Template:Au (2002).
- Anoectochilus yatesiae Template:Au (1907) (Queensland)
- Anoectochilus zhejiangensis Template:Au (1989).
References
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- ↑ Template:WCSP
- ↑ Backer, C.A. (1936). Verklarend woordenboek der wetenschappelijke namen van de in Nederland en Nederlandsch-Indië in het wild groeiende en in tuinen en parken gekweekte varens en hoogere planten (Edition Nicoline van der Sijs).
- ↑ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
- ↑ "New plant and animal species found in Vietnam" Template:Webarchive CNN. September 27, 2007.
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External links
- Pages with script errors
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- Anoectochilus
- Cranichideae genera
- Orchids of India
- Orchids of China
- Flora of Hawaii
- Orchids of Thailand
- Orchids of New Guinea
- Orchids of Malaysia
- Orchids of Indonesia
- Orchids of Queensland
- Flora of the Southwestern Pacific
- Flora of the Indian subcontinent
- Orchids of Sri Lanka