American robotics
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Robots of the United States include simple household robots such as Roomba to sophisticated autonomous aircraft such as the MQ-9 Reaper that cost 18 million dollars per unit.[1][2] The first industrial robot, robot company, and exoskeletons as well as the first dynamically balancing, organic, and nanoscale robots originate from the United States.[3][4][5][6]
History
In 1898 Nikola Tesla publicly demonstrated a radio-controlled torpedo.[7] Based on patents for "teleautomation", Tesla hoped to develop it into a weapon system for the US Navy.[8][9]
In 1926, Westinghouse Electric Corporation created Televox, the first robot put to useful work. In the 1930s, they created a humanoid robot known as Elektro for exhibition purposes, including the 1939 and 1940 World's Fairs.[10][11]
Unimate was the first industrial robot,[3] which worked on a General Motors assembly line in New Jersey in 1961.[12][13] It was created by George Devol in the 1950s using his original patents. Devol, together with Joseph F. Engelberger started Unimation, the world's first robot manufacturing company.[4]
In 2008 the U.S. Air Force 174th Fighter Wing transitioned from F-16 piloted planes to MQ-9 Reaper drones, which are capable remote controlled or autonomous flight, becoming the first all-robot attack squadron.[2][14][15]
Modern robots
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Domestic
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- PatrolBot a configurable guide/delivery/surveillance robot
- Roomba a vacuum cleaner
- Scooba a floor washer
- Looj a rain gutter cleaner
Entertainment
Extraterrestrial
- ATHLETE lunar rover
- Mars Exploration Rover
Medical
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Military (offensive/multi-role)
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Aerial
Terrestrial
- Black Knight unmanned tank
- Gladiator tactical unmanned ground vehicle
- MarkV-A1
- MULE / XM1219
- PackBot / SUGV
- TALON
Military (non-offensive)
Aerial
Terrestrial
- ACER
- Battlefield Extraction-Assist Robot
- BigDog dynamically balancing quadruped
- Crusher
- Dragon Runner
- MATILDA
Nanoscale
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Walker
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- BigDog dynamically balancing quadruped
- Anybots Dexter, the first dynamically balancing biped [16]
- Timberjack Walking Machine logger
Non-autonomous (human operated)
These machines are human operated and not autonomous. Therefore, they do fit the classical description of a robot.
Exoskeleton
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- Berkeley Lower Extremity Exoskeleton
- Sarcos/Raytheon XOS Exoskeleton, currently the most advanced exoskeleton, research for the XOS is funded by DARPA and NIST for use in the military and to "replace the wheelchair".[17][18]
Military
Research
- Tufts University morphing chemical robot Tufts to develop morphing 'chemical robots'
Software
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- Microsoft Robotics Studio - .NET based
- VxWorks - operating system, notably used by ASIMO
- Robot App Store - Apps for every robot
American robotics companies
- Anybots
- Barrett Technology
- Berkshire Grey
- Bluefin Robotics
- Boston Dynamics
- Brooks Automation
- Cobalt Robotics
- Cobot Nation
- Diligent Robotics
- Energid Technologies
- Evolution Robotics
- Fetch Robotics
- Foster-Miller
- Harvest Automation
- Hydroid
- Inspectorbots
- Intuitive Surgical
- iRobot
- Kiva Systems
- Locus Robotics
- Mitsubishi Electric Automation - Robotics
- Myomo (myoelectric prosthetics)
- Rethink Robotics
- Savioke
- SuperDroid Robots
- Vecna Robotics
- Vishwa Robotics
- Willow Garage
See also
- Japanese robotics
- Robots in warfare
- Shadow Hand British Robotics company
- Underwater robot
- Drone
- Terminator, movie about artificial intelligence
References
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- ↑ Reminiscing on the Roomba
- ↑ a b The Rise Of The Droids
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b 1961: The First Robot
- ↑ A Brief History of Exoskeletons
- ↑ Smallest Robot Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ <templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>Template:Citation/make link, Tesla, Nikola, "Method of and apparatus for controlling mechanism of moving vessels or vehicles", published Script error: No such module "auto date formatter".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ 1961: Installation of the First Industrial Robot
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ MQ-9 Reaper
- ↑ Unmanned Reapers bound for Iraq, Afghanistan
- ↑ Dexter Walks
- ↑ Building the Real Iron Man
- ↑ Building the Real Iron Man
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