Amanita citrina
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Amanita citrina (synonym Amanita mappa), commonly known as the false death cap or citron amanita,[1] is a basidiomycotic mushroom, one of many in the genus Amanita. It grows in silicate soil in the summer and autumn months. It bears a pale yellow or sometimes white cap, with white stem, ring and volva. It is an inedible mushroom due to its toxicity, but is more pertinently often confused for the lethal death cap.
Description
This mushroom has a fleshy pale yellow, or sometimes white, cap from Script error: No such module "convert". across, covered in irregular patches. The gills and flesh are white. There is a large volva at the base of the Script error: No such module "convert". tall stem, which has a clear ring.
The mushroom has a smell of rapeseed or potato.[2]
Similar species
It is often confused with the related Amanita phalloides, the death cap, hence the common name.[2]
Distribution and habitat
The false death cap is found in deciduous and coniferous woodlands in autumn in Europe.[2] It is also found in North American oak and pine forests.
Toxicity
This mushroom contains the alpha-amanitin toxin,Script error: No such module "Unsubst". but possibly in small enough amounts that would not cause adverse effects unless ingested at high quantity.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". It also contains the toxin bufotenin.[3] Although it is considered inedible, the biggest danger with this species is its marked similarity to the death cap.[4] For further more information about DMT found in Amanita citrina see external link about the study made.
Gallery
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A closer view of an emergent specimen
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A. citrina from Commanster, Belgium
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Closer view of gills and ring of a specimen from Commanster, Belgium
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A. citrina at the 12-th countrywide mushroom exhibition 2008, Žofín, Prague, Czech Republic
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A. citrina in Ukraine (Co-ordinates:Script error: No such module "Coordinates".)
See also
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References
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External links
- Amanita citrina on Mushroomexpert.com
- [1] Bufotenine, bufotenine–N–oxide, serotonin, N–methyl–serotonin, 5–methoxy–N,N–dimethyltryptamine, and N,N–dimethyltryptamine were identified chro–matographically in sporocarp extracts of A. citrina and, with the exception of N,N–dimethyltryptamine, in similar extracts of A. porphyria. Surface cultures of A. citrina were found to be capable of biosynthesizing bufotenine, small quantities of the alkaloid being detected in the mycelium and the culture medium.
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