Akabane virus
Template:Short description Template:Virusbox
Akabane virus is an insect-transmitted virus that causes congenital abnormalities of the central nervous systems in ruminants.[1][2] The virus is found in Australia, where it is most commonly spread by biting midges of the Culicoides species.[3]
Disease
Malformation of the joints, brain, spine and jaw are common in affected newborn animals. Abortion may also occur if damage to the fetus is severe.[4]
Diagnosis and treatment
Viral isolation can be attempted with immunofluorescence or PCR.[4]
Vaccination is used to control the spread of disease. Control of the insect vectors is advisable if possible, but often difficult to implement.[4]
Outbreaks
A European outbreak of a novel orthobunyavirus began in 2011. The virus was initially isolated near Schmallenberg in Germany, and has been informally named Schmallenberg virus.[5][6][7] Schmallenberg virus falls in the Simbu serogroup of orthobunyaviruses, in which the aino and akabane viruses are also grouped. It is considered to be most closely related to the Sathuperi and Douglas viruses.[8]
References
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- ↑ Akabane. animalhealthaustralia.com.au
- ↑ Akabane Disease. Iowa State University. September 2009
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- ↑ a b c Akabane Virus reviewed and published by WikiVet, accessed 10 October 2011.
- ↑ Schmallenberg-Virus: Gefahr für Tiere in Europa. augsburger-allgemeine.de. 27 January 2012
- ↑ Schmallenberg-Virus Template:Webarchive. fli.bund.de
- ↑ Schmallenberg virus. Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs. UK Government
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External links
- Merck veterinary manual
- Couch A.J. (1984) Akabane Virus. Australian Red Poll Society Newsletter 92: 22–23