Air Arm Command (Botswana)

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The Air Arm Command is the air force of the Botswana Defence Force. The Air Arm was formed in 1977 and squadrons are designated with a Z, meaning "squadron".

History

The Air Arm Command was formed in 1977 and is part of the Botswana Defence Force.[1] All squadrons are designated with a Z, which stands for "squadron".[2] The main base is near Molepolole and was built by mostly foreign contractors between 1992 and 1996.[3] Other airports used are Sir Seretse Khama International Airport and Francistown International Airport.[3]

The backbone of the AAC is a squadron of former Canadian Canadair CF-116s, locally designated as BF-5s. These fighter jets were ordered in 1996 to replace the BAC Strikemaster, with another three single-seaters and two dual-seaters being delivered in 2000.[Note 1] The aircraft were re-designated OJ-1 through 16. For transport, the AAC uses Britten-Norman Defenders, CASA C-212 Aviocars, CASA CN-235s and Lockheed C-130B Hercules. The latest addition to the transport fleet was a former United States Air Force C-130H Hercules to complement the two existing aircraft.[4]

A combination of Bell 412EP and 412SP helicopters are operated by Z21 and perform a variety of functions; search and rescue, medivac, anti-poaching and troop/VIP transport. In 1993, nine ex-US Army/AMARC Cessna O-2As were delivered for use against poaching.

In 2011, Pilatus Aircraft Ltd announced that the AAC had selected the PC-7 MkII turboprop trainer aircraft to replace their Pilatus PC-7 fleet which has been in service since 1990. The contract value is approximately 40 million Swiss francs to procure a fleet of five PC-7 MkII turboprop trainer aircraft, with ground-based training system including computer-based training, spares, support equipment, as well as pilot and technician conversion training elements. The contract was signed in Gaborone on 13 April 2011.[5]

Botswana is also believed to operate Elbit Systems Silver Arrow[6] and Elbit Hermes 450 UAVs.[7]

Paul Morris money laundering case

Paul Morris, whom had a major role in the AAC, had made the decision to buy 10 Bell 412EP helicopters, however the funds were used in a money laundering case, being the largest in Botswana history. Paul Morris would later be sentenced to the death penalty in 1998, and was executed in 1999.

Accidents and incidents

  • On 20 October 2011, two PC-7s of the AAC were involved in a midair collision over Letlhakeng 100 km west of Gaborone. Two of the four aircrew involved were killed in the accident.[8]
  • On 27 June 2014, The Botswana Defence Force Air Arm lost a Eurocopter AS350 Ecureuil helicopter which crashed during a routine training at Thebephatshwa Air Base. Two pilots who were on board the aircraft, were taken to hospital in a stable condition.[9]
  • On 9 February 2017, a BDF CASA C-212 crashed near Thebephatshwa village minutes after leaving the Thebephatshwa Air Base, killing all three people on board. The aircraft was on its way to the capital, Gaborone, which is 90 km away.[10]
  • On 27 April 2018, a day before BDF Day, a BF-5 fighter aircraft crashed at the Gaborone Golf Club during aerobatic rehearsals. The pilot was the only recorded casualty.[11]

Organization

File:2 BDF Air Wing C-130s 2008-09-12.jpg
Two C-130s operated by the AAC.

Air bases

Maparangwane Air Base is the only full air base in Botswana. Sir Seretse Khama International Airport is a civilian airport that hosts the VIP jets and Francistown Airport is a joint civilian/military airfield with ownership by the BDF since 2011.[12]

Air defence command and control system

In 2005 Botswana Defence Force (BDF) awarded the Spanish company Indra a €7.1 million contract for the development and implementation of a full air defence command and control system. The project included the development and implementation of an operational control centre, composed of a total of nine air traffic tracking and control posts to process and concentrate the information regarding the country's air space being provided by air surveillance radars, radio communication links with the airships, and air traffic management civil systems.[13][14]

Aircraft

Current inventory

File:Botswana DF CF-5D OJ 25 (6918328249).jpg
A Botswana Defence Force CF-5 on display
File:190620-A-NV3840030 (48103168987).jpg
A BDF Bell 412 in 2019.
File:Dornier Do-328-110 OB2 Botswana Defence Force Roundtrip Oberpfaffenhofen (4000 ft.).jpg
Dornier Do-328-110 OB2 Botswana Defence Force
Aircraft Origin Type Variant In service Notes
Combat aircraft
Canadair CF-5 Canada Fighter CF-5A 11[15]Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Improved license-built variant of the Northrop F-5
Transport
Lockheed C-130 Hercules United States Transport C-130B/H 4[15][16]
CASA C212 Spain Transport 3[15] STOL capable aircraft
CASA/IPTN CN-235 Indonesia / Spain Transport 2[15]
Beechcraft Super King Air United States Transport 200 1[15]
Britten-Norman BN-2 United Kingdom Utility 1[15]
Dornier 328 Germany Transport 1Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Bombardier Global Express Canada VIP transport Global 5000 1Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Helicopters
Bell 412 United States Utility 6[15]
Eurocopter AS350 France Liaison / Utility 10[15]
Trainer aircraft
Canadair CF-5 Canada Conversion trainer CF-5D[17] 4[15] Improved license-built variant of the Northrop F-5
Pilatus PC-7 Switzerland Trainer Mk II 5[15]

Retired aircraft

Previous aircraft operated by the Air Force were the Gulfstream IV, Cessna 150, Britten-Norman BN-2 Islander, Scottish Aviation Bulldog, and Short Skyvan.[18]

Future acquisitions

The Botswana Air Arm Command has been considering a replacement for the BF-5 since 2013, due to the fact that the Canadair CF-5s are old, built in the 1970s, and are increasingly hard to maintain and to find spare parts for them.[19] A report in 2013 by the then the head of the BDF's air arm, Major General Odirile Mashinyana, recognized the need to replace the aircraft, but also advised that upgrading the BF-5s would allow time to save funds for a well chosen successor.[20]

Since that time, the KAI T-50 Golden Eagle,[21] used versions of the F-16, and the Saab Gripen were all considered.[22]Template:Sfn The most recent potential replacement was the Hindustan Aeronautics Limited-made HAL Tejas fighter,[23] however as of January 2025, the Tejas is no longer being considered.[24]

Ranks

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Commissioned officer ranks

The rank insignia of commissioned officers.

Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armed Forces/OF/BlankTemplate:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Air Forces/OF/Botswana

Other ranks

The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel.

Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Air Forces/OR/Botswana
Rank group Senior NCOs Junior NCOs Enlisted

Notes

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  1. ↑ Only 14 CF-5s (both single- and dual-seat versions) remain in service in 2009.[4]

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Citations

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  8. ↑ "BDF assists plane crash victims." dailynews.gov.bw, Retrieved 21 September 2017.
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ "BDF plane crashes, kills 3." Template:Webarchive mmegi.bw, 10 February 2017. Retrieved 21 September 2017.
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  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Patrick Kenyette, May 30, 2023, Botswana in negotiation with India for Tejas aircraft – updated June 12, 2023.
  20. ↑ Ekene Lionel, March 25, 2021, Contest for Botswana's new fighter jet gathers momentum, Military Africa.
  21. ↑ South Korea's Eagle swoops on Botswana, Times aerospace, April 10, 2018.
  22. ↑ Botswana looks to India for fighter upgrade, Times aerospace, 2 August 2023.
  23. ↑ Gaborone looks to procure Indian HAL fighter aircraft, Africa intelligence, 16/3/2023.
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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References

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