Adenophora
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Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox
Adenophora is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, the bellflowers. Plants of this genus are known commonly as ladybells.[1] Most of the species in the genus are native to eastern Asia, with a few in Europe. Many are endemic to either China or Siberia.[2][3]
Description
These plants are perennial herbs, often with thick, fleshy roots. The stem usually grows erect from a caudex. There are usually several basal leaves borne on long petioles. The leaves on the stem are alternately arranged in most species. Flowers are solitary or borne in cymes. The corolla of the flower is bell-shaped, funnel-shaped, or tubular, with five lobes.[3] The corollas of most species are blue.[1] There is a characteristic nectar disc at the base of the stamens.[3]
Species
There are 68 species currently accepted as Adenophora.[4] These are:[2][3][5]
- Adenophora amurica C.X.Fu & M.Y.LiuScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Heilongjiang
- Adenophora biformifolia Y.Z.ZhaoScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Inner Mongolia
- Adenophora biloba Y.Z.ZhaoScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Inner Mongolia
- Adenophora borealis D.Y.Hong & Y.Z.ZhaoScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Inner Mongolia and Hebei
- Adenophora brevidiscifera D.Y.HongScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Sichuan
- Adenophora capillaris Hemsl.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Chongqing, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan
- Adenophora changaica Gubanov & KamelinScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Mongolia
- Adenophora coelestis DielsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Sichuan, Yunnan
- Adenophora contracta (Kitag.) J.Z.Qiu & D.Y.HongScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Liaoning, Inner Mongolia
- Adenophora cordifolia D.Y.HongScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Henan
- Adenophora daqingshanica Y.Z.Zhao & L.Q.ZhaoScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Inner Mongolia
- Adenophora dawuensis D.Y.HongScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Sichuan
- Adenophora delavayi (Franch.) D.Y.HongScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – northwestern Yunnan
- Adenophora divaricata Franch. & Sav.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – spreading-branch ladybell[6] – Honshu, Shikoku, Korea, Amur, Primorye, Khabarovsk, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Shanxi
- Adenophora elata Nannf.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi
- Adenophora fusifolia Y.N.LeeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – South Korea
- Adenophora gmelinii (Biehler) Fisch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (synonym Adenophora taquetii H.LévScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) – narrow-leaf ladybell, Jejudo ladybell[6] – Buryatiya, Chita, Amur, Primorye, Mongolia, Korea, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi
- Adenophora golubinzevaeana Reverd.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Krasnoyarsk
- Adenophora grandiflora NakaiScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – big-flower ladybell[6] – Korea
- Adenophora hatsushimae Kitam.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Kyushu
- Adenophora himalayana FeerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Tibet, Nepal, northern India, Xinjiang, Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan
- Adenophora hubeiensis D.Y.HongScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Hubei
- Adenophora × izuensis H.Ohba & S.Watan.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Honshu
- Adenophora jacutica Fed.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Yakutiya
- Adenophora jasionifolia Franch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan
- Adenophora khasiana (Hook.f. & Thomson) Collett & Hemsl.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (syn. A. bulleyana DielsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) – Assam, Bhutan, Myanmar, Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan
- Adenophora lamarckii Fisch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Lamark's ladybell[6] – Irkutsk, Altai, Kazakhstan, Xinjiang, Mongolia, Korea
- Adenophora liliifolia (L.) A.DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – lily-leaf ladybell[6] – central and eastern Europe (Germany, Switzerland, Italy, etc.) east to Xinjiang
- Adenophora liliifolioides Pax & K.Hoffm.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet
- Adenophora linearifolia D.Y.HongScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Sichuan
- Adenophora lobophylla D.Y.HongScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Sichuan
- Adenophora longipedicellata D.Y.HongScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Chongqing, Guizhou, W Hubei, Sichuan
- Adenophora maximowicziana MakinoScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Shikoku
- Adenophora micrantha D.Y.HongScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Inner Mongolia
- Adenophora morrisonensis HayataScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Taiwan
- Adenophora nikoensis Franch. & Sav.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Honshu
- Adenophora ningxianica S.Ge & D.Y.HongScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[7] – Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia
- Adenophora palustris Kom.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – marsh ladybell[6] – Jilin, Korea, Honshu
- Adenophora pereskiifolia (Fisch. ex Schult.) G.DonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (synonyms Adenophora kayasanensis Kitam.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". and Adenophora racemosa J.Lee & S.LeeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) – Manchurian ladybell, Korean ladybell, racemose ladybell, Gayasan ladybell[6] – Mongolia, Japan, Korea, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Amur, Kuril Islands, Primorye, Khabarovsk, Chita, Buryatiya
- Adenophora petiolata Pax & K.Hoffm.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang
- Adenophora pinifolia Kitag.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Liaoning
- Adenophora polyantha NakaiScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – many-flower ladybell[6] – Korea, Anhui, Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi
- Adenophora potaninii Korsh.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan
- Adenophora probatovae A.E.Kozhevn.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Primorye
- Adenophora remotidens Hemsl.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Incheon ladybell[6] – Korea
- Adenophora remotiflora (Siebold & Zucc.) Miq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (synonym Adenophora erecta S.Lee, Joongku Lee & S.KimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) – scattered ladybell[6] – Primorye, Japan, Korea, Manchuria
- Adenophora rupestris Reverd.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Irkutsk
- Adenophora rupincola Hemsl.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan
- Adenophora sajanensis StepanovScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Krasnoyarsk
- Adenophora sinensis A.DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangxi
- Adenophora stenanthina (Ledeb.) Kitag.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Mongolia, Gansu, Hebei, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Altai, Amur, Irkutsk, Chita, Buryatiya, Tuva
- Adenophora stenophylla Hemsl.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria
- Adenophora stricta Miq.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – upright ladybell[6] – Korea, Japan, Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang
- Adenophora subjenisseensis (Kurbatsky) A.V.GrebenjukScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – central Siberia
- Adenophora sublata Kom.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Primorye, Khabarovsk
- Adenophora taiwaniana S.S.YingScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Taiwan
- Adenophora takedae MakinoScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Honshu
- Adenophora tashiroi (Makino & Nakai) Makino & NakaiScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Fukue Island, Jeju-do Island
- Adenophora taurica (Sukaczev) Juz.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Crimea
- Adenophora trachelioides Maxim.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Anhui, Hebei, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Zhejiang
- Adenophora tricuspidata (Fisch. ex Schult.) A.DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, much of Asiatic Russia
- Adenophora triphylla (Thunb.) A.DC.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – giant bellflower – Korea, Japan, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Laos, Vietnam, Russian Far East, Siberia
- Adenophora tuvinica Knjaz.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Tuva
- Adenophora uryuensis Miyabe & Tatew.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Hokkaido
- Adenophora wilsonii Nannf.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Chongqing, Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan
- Adenophora wulingshanica D.Y.HongScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Beijing
- Adenophora xiaoxiensis D.G.Zhang, D.Xie & X.Y.YiScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Hunan
- Adenophora xifengensis (P.F.Tu & Y.S.Zhou) P.F.Tu & Y.S.ZhouScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Gansu
Uses
Many Adenophora species have been used in traditional Chinese medicine.[8]
References
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- ↑ a b Perry, L. Perennial Plant Feature: Ladybells. Template:Webarchive Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont Extension
- ↑ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant FamiliesScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
- ↑ a b c d 沙参属 sha shen shu Adenophora. Flora of China.
- ↑ Adenophora Fisch. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 23 August 2024.
- ↑ GRIN Species Records of Adenophora. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Song, G. and H. De-yuan. (1999). A new species of Chinese Adenophora (Campanulaceae). Novon 9(1) 46.
- ↑ YouLi, H. (2010). Resource and utilization of medicinal plant of the genus Adenophora in Qinling Mountains. Medicinal Plant 1(12) 3-6.
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