Abiye Abebe
Template:Short description Template:Patronymic name Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters". Lij Abiye Abebe (Template:Langx; born 1917 – 23 November 1974) was an Ethiopian politician and son-in-law of Emperor Haile Selassie.
Biography
Son of Liqa Mequas Abebe Atnaf Seggad, Abiye was born 1918 in Addis Ababa[1] as a Lij.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". He attended the Holeta Military Academy.[2] In the 1940s and 1950s he was Minister of Defence, and later served as Minister of Justice and Minister of the Interior.[3] He chaired the High National Security Commission during the Ethiopian Revolution until his arrest by the Derg on 16 July 1974.[4] Lt. General Abiye was serving as Chief of the General Staff when he was arrested.
According to John Spencer, when Prime Minister Aklilu Habte-Wold sought to resign his post in 1973, he suggested to the Emperor that he be replaced by General Abiye. Other sources indicate that Aklilu Habte-Wold's rival Prince Asrate Kassa was the person who put General Abiye forward as a fellow aristocrat. However Abiye consented to becoming Prime Minister only if his nomination, and those of his cabinet, were approved by the Ethiopian parliament, a condition Emperor Haile Selassie found unacceptable. As a result, Haile Selassie decided to appoint Endelkachew Makonnen Prime Minister instead.[5] Abiye was one of 60 former government officials executed the night of 22–23 November at Akaki Central Prison by the Derg.[6]
General Abiye was married three times. At Addis Ababa, on 26 April 1942, he married Princess Tsehai of Ethiopia who died in childbirth a year later. After this marriage, Lt. General Abiye Abebe was accorded the dignities and protocol rank of the Emperor's son-in-law, even after he remarried. In 1946, married Woizero Amarech Nasibu, daughter of Nasibu Zeamanuel, and then in 1970 to Woizero Tsige Aynalem, his widow, with whom he had three children, Phebe, Berkinesh, and Abiye.[7]
Career history
- Brigadier-General (24 April 1942)
- Governor-General of Wollega province (1942–1943)[1]
- Minister for War 1949–1955; Acting (1943–1947)
- Minister of Justice (1958–1961)[1]
- Minister of Interior (1961–1964)[1]
- Ambassador to France (1955–1958)[1]
- Viceroy of Eritrea (1959–1964)
- President of the Ethiopian Senate (1964–1974)[1]
- Minister for Defence and Chief of Staff (28 February 1974 – 22 July 1974)
Honours
National
- File:Order of the Holy Trinity (Ethiopia) - ribbon bar.gif Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Holy Trinity[7]
- File:ETH Order of Menelik II - Grand Cross BAR.png Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Menelik II[7]
- File:Military Medal of Merit of the Order of St. George (Ethiopia) - ribbon bar.png Military Medal of Merit of the Order of St George[7]
- File:ETH multiribbon.png Haile Selassie I Gold Medal[7]
- File:PatriotMedalEtiopia.png Patriot Medal & three torches (1944)[7]
- File:RefugeePatriotMedalEtiopia.png Refugee Medal (1944)[7]
- File:Jubilee Medal 1955 (Ethiopia).gif Jubilee Medal (1955)[7]
- File:ETH Emperor Haile Selassie I Jubilee Medal.png Jubilee Medal (1966)[7]
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Foreign
- Template:Ribbon devices/alt Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau (Kingdom of The Netherlands, 13 November 1953)[8]
- File:Order Sint Olaf 1 kl.png Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Norwegian Order of Saint Olav (Kingdom of Norway, January 1956)[7]
- File:Legion Honneur GC ribbon.svg Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Legion of Honour (French Republic)[7]
- File:JOR Order of the Renaissance GC.SVG Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Renaissance (Kingdom of Jordan)[7]
- File:Royal Order of Sahametrei (Cambodia) - ribbon bar.gif Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Sahametrei (Kingdom of Cambodia, 4 January 1968)[7]
- File:Order of the British Empire (Military) Ribbon.svg Honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (United Kingdom, 1965)[7]
- File:39-45 Star BAR.svg British Star (United Kingdom, 1939–1945)[7]
- File:Ribbon - Africa Star.png Africa Star (United Kingdom, 1940–1943)[7]
- File:War Medal 39-45 BAR.svg British War Medal (United Kingdom, 1939–1945)[7]
- File:Ordre national du Merite GC ribbon.svg National Order of Merit (France)[7]
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References
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- ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ Bahru Zewde, A History of Modern Ethiopia, second edition (London: James Currey, 2003), p. 205
- ↑ Andargachew Tiruneh, The Ethiopian revolution, 1974-1987 (Cambridge: University Press, 1993), p. 68
- ↑ Spencer, Ethiopia at Bay: A personal account of the Haile Selassie years (Algonac: Reference Publications, 1984), p. 337
- ↑ Marina and David Ottaway, Ethiopia: Empire in Revolution (New York: Africana, 1978), p. 61
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Nationaal Archief, inventory 2.02.32, dossier 373, registry number 854
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- Pages with script errors
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- 1917 births
- 1974 deaths
- Ethiopian generals
- Defence ministers of Ethiopia
- Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire
- Recipients of Supreme Order of the Renaissance (Jordan)
- Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
- Grand Crosses of the Royal Order of Sahametrei
- Executed Ethiopian people
- 20th-century Ethiopian politicians
- Recipients of orders, decorations, and medals of Ethiopia
- People executed by Ethiopia by firing squad
- Executed politicians
- Executed military leaders